1. Antiparkinsonian Agents Ch 14

2. Parkinson’s Disease Progressive, onset @ 45-65 y.o. d/t imbalance between dopamine & acetylcholine Symptoms: Slowed movement Rigidity = cogwheel Tremors – includes pillrolling Postural instability

3. Drug Effects Increases body’s supply of Dopamine Interferes with Acetylcholine levels Restores balance & stops symptoms

4. Medications MAO Inhibitors Eldepryl = Selegiline Slows the breakdown of Dopamine Used with Levodopa Exogenous Dopamine Levodopa Levodopa-carbidopa Replaces low levels of dopamine

5. Meds, cont’d Amantadine Causes release of more dopamine Also keeps dopamine available Anticholinergics Block acetylcholine

6. Side Effects Dry mouth Palpitations Agitation/anxiety Severe Hypertension if taking MAOI & eat cheese, red wine, beer, yogurt

7. Psychotherapeutic Agents Ch 15

8. Mental Illness 3 types Affective = mood disorders Psychoses = severe emotional disorder Anxiety = sense of dread or fear

9. Anxiolytics Benzodiazepines Valium = diazepam Ativan = lorazepam Antihistamines Hydroxyzine = vistaril & atarax

10. Anxiolytics, cont’d Side Effects Drowsiness, blurred vision GI upset

11. Antimanic Treat manic-depressive disorder = bipolar Lithium Valproic acid = depakene

12. Antimanics, cont’d Mechanism of action is unclear Increase amount of MAO transmitters more dopamine & serotonin

13. Antidpresssants Prozac Paxil Zoloft Desyrel Alter use of serotonin in body

14. Antidepressants, cont’d Side Effects Weight loss Sweating Sexual dysfunction

15. Antipsychotic Agents Treat Psychoses Schizophrenia Autism

16. Antipsychotics, cont’d Phenothiazines Largest group of antipsychotics Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) was the 1 st discovered Similar to antihistamines Block reception of Dopamine Do not cure, only control symptoms

17. Antipsychotics, cont’d Side Effects Postural hypotension Sedation Blurred vision Parkinson-like symptoms

18. Precautions Do NOT take MAOI meds with alcohol, yeast, yogurt products Do NOT abruptly stop antidepressents – must wean off When starting, It may take up to 2 – 4 weeks to reach therapeutic level Caffeine limits effectiveness of meds

19. Central Nervous System Stimulants Ch 16

20. Effect Work on specific areas of brain Suppress appetite Treat ADD & ADHD Treat narcolepsy Treat migraine headache

21. amphetamines Treat narcolepsy & ADD Increase mental alertness Decrease fatigue Highly addictive

22. amphetamines, cont’d Examples Adderall Ritalin

23. analeptics Stimulate respiration High abuse potential Examples Caffeine Aminophylline Theophylline

24. anorexiants Suppress appetite Treat obesity Examples Didrex Tenuate

25. Serotonin agonists Treat migraines headaches Constrict brain blood vessels Decrease inflammatory response Example Imitrex Zomig

26. Side Effects Insomnia Palpitations Nervousness Increased metabolism N-V-D, dry mouth Diuresis