1. Inter-Group Conflict Presented by: Corina Popa Nathan Thiel Wenona Scott Zhiwei Wu

2. INTERGROUP CONFLICT A circumstance in which groups take antagonistic actions toward one another to control some outcome important to each. An overt expression of tensions between the goals or concerns of one party and those of another.

3. Sources of Intergroup Conflict Competing Goals Competition for Resources Cultural Differences Power Discrepancies Assimilation Versus Preservation of Micro- Cultural Identity

4. Examples ?

5. South Africa Highest inequality of wealth distribution in the world: 20% of the population owning 75% of the wealth

6. South Africa Apartheid HistoryStakeholdersManifestations

7. South Africa History Portuguese, Dutch, British since 1652 Apartheid - 1948 -1994 Racial Segregation –Separate but Equal –Reservations or “Homelands” –No Vote

8. South Africa History African National Congress (ANC) –Under ground resistance –Nelson Mandela imprisoned US & UK economic pressure 1980’s Botha resigns 1989

9. South Africa History

10. Stakeholders WhiteNon-White –Black South Africans –Indians –Coloured Truth & Reconciliation Commission –Bilateral Conflict –Apartheid vs ANC

11. Manifestations ? In cages, blow-ups of the hated “passbooks” 121 nooses recall political prisoners hanged during apartheid

12. StructuralInterestCognitiveEmotional CoreConcerns Distribution of power & resources Built-in structural inequalities InterestsGoalsObjectivesBeliefsSchemasFramesFear Loss & grief RagePathology GoalsJustice Integration or CompromiseReframingHealing Conflict Management Techniques RevolutionRedistributionDeconstructionNegotiationMediationsCompromiseBargainingWin-Win Facilitated Contact Truth-Telling Public Acknowledgement Forgiveness

13. Conflict Management Strategy Moment for Decision –Amnesia –Criminal Trials –Negotiated Restitution and Compensation –Political re-education –Truth Commission

14. StructuralInterestCognitiveEmotional CoreConcerns Distribution of power & resources Built-in structural inequalities InterestsGoalsObjectivesBeliefsSchemasFramesFear Loss & grief RagePathology GoalsJustice Integration or CompromiseReframingHealing Conflict Management Techniques RevolutionRedistributionDeconstructionNegotiationMediationsCompromiseBargainingWin-Win Facilitated Contact Truth-Telling Public Acknowledgement Forgiveness

15. Conflict Management Strategy The Decision –Truth & Reconciliation Commission Reasons –Collective Emotion - Chosen Trauma –Collective Identity –Collective Healing

16. Collective Emotion Chosen Trauma Failure to Mourn Collective Regression

17. Identity Theory Individual Identity “An abiding sense of the self and of the relationship of the self to the world. It is a system of beliefs or a way of construing the world that makes life predictable rather than random.” (Northrup) Collective identity Identification with a particular culture, class, sexual orientation, nationality, religion, regional affiliation, etc. and with the narratives / stories internalized in that group’s experience

18. Collective Healing 1. Expose Guilt 2. Public Record of Truth 3. Provide Acknowledgement 4. Dismantle Old Institutions 5. Deterrent of Further Human Rights Violations