1. GTRI_B-1 Triton X-100

2. GTRI_B-2 Carbon Nanotubes Elicarb Dry - MWCNT AQ – MWCNT Dry – SWCNT AQ - SWCNT

3. GTRI_B-3 Vacuum Pump Electric pump Capable of pulling -80kPa constantly Simple switch on Wore out Manual pump Capable of sustaining -80kPa once reached Took 2 minutes of hand pumping Good workout

4. GTRI_B-4 Vacuum Beaker Setup Funnel holds CNT liquid Pressure differential pulls liquid through filter Creates interwoven CNT mat once dried Can cause peeling

5. GTRI_B-5 Thermal Evaporated Aluminum Better contact between electrode and coin cell case Done in the Baker cleanroom Deposited ~300nm Full evap. takes ~2hrs

6. GTRI_B-6 Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Cut filter into 13mm circles Applied 60µL- 80µL RTIL’s Labeled by number (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12) 47mm 13mm

7. GTRI_B-7 Coin Cell Coin cell Two wave springs for greater pressure Spacer disks in place to allow wave spring stability Contents on bottom for ease of fabrication

8. GTRI_B-8 Coin Cell Crimper Hohsen coin cell closing tool Manual press Bends corners over gasket Approx. 20/hr

9. GTRI_B-9 Finished Product Width = 3.28 Diameter = 20mm Approx. Weight = 3.657g

10. GTRI_B-10 Testing Structure Seperator Type Iteration CNT Type CNT Amount Aluminum Nylon 1 MWCNT AQ/Dry SWCNT AQ/DRY 4 35mg 70mg 105mg 3 Yes/No 2 RTIL Type 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12 7 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 3 Combonation of Possibilities: 1 · 4 · 3 · 2 · 7 · 3 = 504 coin cells!!

11. GTRI_B-11 Testing Solartron Electrochemical interface tests Impedance/Gain-Phase Analyzer Tests Constant Current Constant Voltage Impedance Spectroscopy

12. GTRI_B-12 Constant Current Solatron supplies constant current (I = 0.001A) Senses output voltage and graphs Completely automated process

13. GTRI_B-13 Impedance Spectroscopy Applies a voltage frequency scan Senses gain and phase from supercap Plots real, imaginary and amplitude

14. GTRI_B-14 Equivalent Circuit Electrode Properties Electrolyte Bulk Properties

15. GTRI_B-15 Data Analysis Specific Energy E = (1/2)CV 2 Specific Energy = E/mass Specific Power P = I 2 R s Specific Power = P/mass

16. GTRI_B-16 Ragone Plot

17. GTRI_B-17

18. GTRI_B-18

19. GTRI_B-19

20. GTRI_B-20

21. GTRI_B-21

22. GTRI_B-22 RTIL Ragone Plot

23. GTRI_B-23 Possible Areas to research next semester Separator efficiency Other forms of fabrication