1. PUBLIC ORDERING POLICING LESS LETHAL AMMUNITION SOLUTIONS
Bruce Botma
Rheinmetall Denel Munition (Pty) Ltd

2. (Definition by N. Lewer & N. Davidson)
LESS LETHAL CONCEPT
DEFINITION
Weapons which are specifically designed to incapacitate people or disable equipment, with minimal collateral damage to buildings and the environment. They should be discriminate and not cause unnecessary suffering, their effects should be temporary and reversible and they should provide alternatives to, or raise the threshold for use of lethal force.
(Definition by N. Lewer & N. Davidson)
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3. LESS LETHAL CONCEPT DEFINITION
Weapons which are specifically designed to incapacitate people or disable equipment, with minimal collateral damage to buildings and the environment. They should be discriminate and not cause unnecessary suffering, their effects should be temporary and reversible and they should provide alternatives to, or raise the threshold for use of lethal force.
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4. LESS LETHAL CONCEPT DEFINITION
Weapons which are specifically designed to incapacitate people or disable equipment, with minimal collateral damage to buildings and the environment. They should be discriminate and not cause unnecessary suffering, their effects should be temporary and reversible and they should provide alternatives to, or raise the threshold for use of lethal force.
PREREQUISITE
Use as intended by appropriately trained operators prerequisite to minimize risk of serious injuries or death.
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5. LESS LETHAL CONCEPT TECHNOLOGY TYPICAL PRODUCT
Blunt Impact / Kinetic Energy
Baton Round
Chemical / Biological
Teargas
Acoustic
Stun Grenade
Electrical
Taser Gun
Direct Energy
Active Denial System (ADS)
Barriers and Entanglements
Sticky Foam
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6. LESS LETHAL AMMUNITION
LESS LETHAL CONCEPT
TECHNOLOGY
TYPE OF SOLUTIONS
Blunt Impact / Kinetic Energy
LESS LETHAL AMMUNITION
Chemical / Biological
Acoustic
Electrical
NON MUNITIONS
Direct Energy
Barriers and Entanglements
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7. TYPICAL LAUNCHES FOR LESS LETHAL AMUNITIONS
GENERIC LETHAL WEAPONS
40mm single and multiple grenade
launchers
Shotguns
DEDICATED LESS LETHAL WEAPONS
37/38mm grenade launchers
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8. TYPICAL NON WEAPON DEPLOYMENT
GRENADES
Acoustic and irritant chemicals containers for
deployment by hand.
SPRAYS
Aerosol and alternative spray mechanisms
for close contact deployment.
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9. Temporarily disable specific individuals with single projectiles.
IMPACT AMMUNITION (1)
APPLICATIONS
Disperse rioters by inflicting pain with single or multiple projectiles.
Temporarily disable specific individuals with single projectiles.
NUMEROUS OPTIONS
Tradeoffs between minimum safe and maximum effective ranges result in numerous approaches and designs.
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10. CROWD DISPERSION APPLICATIONS
IMPACT AMMUNITION (2)
CROWD DISPERSION APPLICATIONS
Accuracy not a prime requirement and both multiple projectile or “skip-firing” of single batons utilized.
LIMITATIONS
High velocity loss of small multiple projectile designs
limit effective range.
Conventional baton rounds potentially lethal at short range.
ENHANCEMENTS
Complementing small multiple projectile applications at short range with irritant chemical ammunition at longer ranges.
Composite construction of sophisticated projectiles.
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11. INCAPASITATING SPECIFIC INDIVIDUALS
IMPACT AMMUNITION (3)
INCAPASITATING SPECIFIC INDIVIDUALS
Accuracy a prime requirement and single projectiles utilized.
LIMITATIONS
Low launch velocity results in curved.
trajectory and aiming difficulties at longer range.
ENHANCEMENTS
Composite construction of sophisticated projectiles enabling higher launch velocities and flatter trajectories.
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12. IMPACT AMMUNITION (3)
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13. APPLICATIONS MAIN AGENTS IRRITANT CHEMICAL AMMUNITION (1)
Disperse rioters by releasing irritant chemicals in vicinity of rioters.
Incapacitate specific individuals by weapon launched “direct flush” of irritant chemicals.
MAIN AGENTS
CS (orthoclorobenzamalonitrile)
CN (chloroacetophenone)
OC (oleoresin capsicum)
TEAR GAS
PEPPER SPRAY
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14. IRRITANT CHEMICAL AMMUNITION (2)
CROWD DISPERSION APPLICATIONS
Deployed by hand or launcher (typically 37/38mm or 40mm) in general vicinity of rioters.
LIMITATIONS
Use curtailed by environmental conditions and urban settings.
Larger dispensers returned to deployer by throwing.
ENHANCEMENTS
Multiple payload dispensers rendering payloads to small to be returned by throwing.
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15. MULTIPLE PAYLOAD CS
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16. ACOUSTIC AMMUNITION (1)
APPLICATIONS
Temporarily disorientate and frighten rioters or individuals by sound in 140 – 170 dB range.
LIMITATIONS
Not as effective in open spaces as within buildings and urban settings.
ENHANCEMENTS
Combined use with million candela blinding flash of light.
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17. 40mm SOUND AND FLASH ROUND
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18. Questions?
Thank You 18