1. CERAMIC INDUSTRY PERTEMUAN 07 Matakuliah: S0372 – Kimia Teknik Sipil Tahun: Ganjil 2007/2008

2. Bina Nusantara CERAMIC INDUSTRY 1.Whiteware. 2.Structural Product Clay. 3.Refraktori

3. Bina Nusantara Elementary Raw Material. Three special raw material which is used to make ceramic product classical, or “ triaksial”, is clay, sand and feldspar. Clay is hydrate silicate aluminium which do not too pure which is formed as result of decay of congelation rock of pregnant which of feldspar as one of the important original mineral. Its reaction can be portrayed as follows: K 2 O.Al 2 O 3.6SiO 2 +CO 2 +2H 2 O  K 2 CO 3 + Al 2 O 3.2SiO 2.2H 2 O + 4SiO 2

4. Bina Nusantara Elementary Raw Material of Ceramic Making. KaolinitFeldsparSand atau Flin FormulaAl 2 O 3.2SiO 2.2H 2 OK 2 O.Al 2 O 3.6SiO 2 SiO 2 PlastisitasPlasticNonplastic FusibilitasRefraktori*Easy glue meltRefraktori* Liquid Dot.1785 o C1150 o C1710 o C Become smaller at combustion. Very NarrowMolten Do not Become smaller. * Absolut zero at highest temperature of stone fire smolder (1400 o C)

5. Bina Nusantara Whiteware Whiteware is the general name given to of a kind ceramic product which usually white chromatic and have smooth texture. This Ceramic made of by elementary materials of chosen quality clay and flux in number vary heated at high temperature enough (1200 until 1500 o C) in kiln. Whiteware Type : 1.Carthenware 2.Chinaware 3.Porcelain 4.Sanitary ware 5.Stoneware 6.Whiteware tile

6. Bina Nusantara Product Clay Construction. Cheap goods but holding up to wear, like building brick, wall face brick, terakota, pipe of got, tiling of comber, is usually made of by cheapest ordinary clay with or without glasir. The clay usually contain some impure which is type and amount him last for giving flux energy and adhesive power. Used raw material there is three kinds of clay : 1.Clay burn to squeeze. 2.Clay burn to turn white. 3.Clay burn bur, what usually refraktori.

7. Bina Nusantara Diagram Emit A Stream Of Modestly Process Printing.

8. Bina Nusantara Refraktori. Sour Term refraktori, basa, and neutral as well as is super refraktori, including materials used to arrest;detain influence of termal, chemical and physics that goes on in kiln. Nature of Refraktori. To make most compatible refractori in certain operation, require to be paid attention used raw material, workmanship temperature in kiln, and passed to burden is warm-up time, and also reaction of chemistry that goes on. Usually, to make one kiln, needed by some type of refractori because one just type of refractori nothing that can hold up to various condition of which there are in various part of kiln.

9. Bina Nusantara MaterialTemperature Batu Lempung api1600 - 1750 Kaolinit (Al 2 O 3.SiO 2.2H 2 O)1785 Bata silika1700 Silika (SiO 2 )1710 Bata Bauksit1732 - 1850 Bata lempung aluminium-tinggi1802 - 1880 Mulit (3Al 2 O 3.2SiO 2 )1810 Silimanit (Al 2.SiO 2 )1816 Forsterit (2MgO.SiO 2 )1890 Kromit (FeO.Cr 2 O 3 )1770 Bata krom1950 - 2200 Alumina (Al 2 O 3 )2050 Spinel (MgO.Al 2 O 3 )2135 Silikon Karbida (SiC)2700 Bata magnesit2200 Bata zirkenia2200 - 2700 Boron nitrida2720

10. Bina Nusantara