1. guide to Lakoff Ben Franks’ www.pie-magazine.net

2. guide to Lakoff Professor Robin Lakoff, born 1942, is known for her 1973 research on gender sociolinguistics. www.pie-magazine.net She later gained international acclaim by publishing her findings which defined “ 10 ways” women differ in speech from men in a book entitled, Language & Woman's Place

3. Lakoff: Findings 1973 www.pie-magazine.net Found that there were ten notable ways where the speech of a woman differs from that of a man.

4. Lakoff: Findings 1973 www.pie-magazine.net 1. Hedges – Phrases such as “sort of”, “kind of”, “seems like”.

5. Lakoff: Findings 1973 www.pie-magazine.net 2. Use of Empty Adjectives – divine, adorable, gorgeous, etc.

6. Lakoff: Findings 1973 www.pie-magazine.net 3. (Super-)Polite forms – “Would you mind?”, “if its not too much to ask”, “is it okay if”

7. Lakoff: Findings 1973 www.pie-magazine.net 4. Apologise more – Women have a tendency to apologise more often, i.e. “Sorry, but I think that”

8. Lakoff: Findings 1973 www.pie-magazine.net 5. Speak Less Frequently – In mixed-sex conversation, females will likely speak less than males.

9. Lakoff: Findings 1973 www.pie-magazine.co.uk 6. Avoid Coarse Language or expletives – Women less likely to swear or use “rude” language.

10. Lakoff: Findings 1973 www.pie-magazine.co.uk 7. Tag Questions – "You don't mind eating this, do you ?” It is made up of an AUXILIARY verb and a PRONOUN.

11. Lakoff: Findings 1973 www.pie-magazine.net 8. Indirect Requests – “Aww, I am really thirsty” – actually a request for a drink.

12. Lakoff: Findings 1973 www.pie-magazine.net 9. Hypercorrection – Women were found to hypercorrect (overly- correct) their grammar and use a high prestige of pronunciation, with very clear articulation.

13. Lakoff: Findings 1973 www.pie-magazine.net 10. “Speak in Italics” – Women placed emphasis on certain words, particularly modifiers, such as very, quite and so.

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