1. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 ORFEUS Data Center Quality Control Reinoud Sleeman Torild van Eck Gert-Jan van den Hazel Alessandro Spinuso Luca Trani Anton van Geyt & Virtual European Broadband Seismic Network Consortium sleeman@knmi.nl www.orfeus-eu.org Organizations and Research Facilities for European Seismology

2. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 VEBSN - Virtual European Broadband Seismograph Network status May 2010 500 BB stations 55 networks

3. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010  Collecting, validating and verification of metadata (new stations)  station code (NEIC/ISC registered: www.isc.ac.uk)  network code (FDSN registered: www.fdsn.org)  system information (sensor, digitizer, sampling rate, etc.)  system response (validation of completeness & consistency) Quality Control at ODC of real-time VEBSN stations

4. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010  Collecting, validating and verification of metadata (new stations)  station code (NEIC/ISC registered: www.isc.ac.uk)  network code (FDSN registered: www.fdsn.org)  system information (sensor, digitizer, sampling rate, etc.)  system response (validation of completeness & consistency)  Initial monitoring of communication and waveform quality  quarantine system ( reliability, stability, gaps, ……)  waveform data Quality Control at ODC of real-time VEBSN stations

5. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010  Quality Control Monitor (QCM)  automatic procedures for real-time data and meta-data - locations, magnitudes (Antelope ® ) - station histograms (time residuals, magnitude) - Power Spectral Density (PSD) vs. Time - PQLX  data completeness  visual check of pre-packed event data (SAC, PQL, PQLX)  polarization analysis (manually)  SeisComP 3 QC parameters (DB: gaps, RMS, spikes, clock quality …..) Quality Control at ODC of real-time VEBSN stations

6. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 X Mb (station) – Mb (VEBSN) MS (station) – MS (VEBSN) Time residuals ( P-phase) Antelope processing output  Quality Control at ODC – histograms per station

7. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Quality Control at ODC – PSD vs. Time  overall quality of data versus time (PSD vs. time)  to monitor changes in behavior of seismic system  malfunctioning of seismic instrumentation  verifying and monitoring changes in meta data  changes in local site conditions  long term behavior Julian day dB PSD at selected frequencies

8. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Quality Control at ODC – PQLX (McNamara, Boaz)  stacked PSD per frequency (statistical representation) Period (sec) dB high noise model low noise model

9. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Quality Control at ODC – PQLX  tool to select stations for specific scientific studies “Earth’s Hum” NL_HGN_BHZ NL_WTSB_BHZ Courtesy Rudy Widmer

10. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010  data extraction (30 min. segments) less than 28 minutes is represented as a gap Quality Control at ODC – PSD vs. Time procedure

11. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010  data extraction (30 min. segments) less than 28 minutes is represented as a gap  PSD estimation (periodogram averaging, Welch (1967) 50 % overlapping time sections (8192 samples at 40 sps) tapering (Hanning window) autocorrelation Fourier transform PSD averaging over the number of time sections one-sided PSD (USGS noise models) instrument response deconvolution (no digital filters, only poles, zeros and sensititvity) PSD smoothing over 1/10-th of a decade Counts 2 /Hz  (m/s 2 ) 2 / Hz Quality Control at ODC – PSD vs. Time procedure

12. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Synthetic input:  white noise  RMS = 1 x gain STS-1 sensor x gain Q330 digitizer   t = 0.025 sec PSD estimation: deconvolve for STS-1 response and Q330 I(w) = O(w) / H(w) Expected result:  RMS = 1 [360 sec. – 10 Hz]  PSD = 10  log ( 2 x  2 x  t) = -13 dB (one-sided)  -10 dB @ corner frequencies (360 sec and 10 Hz ) Software calibration / testing

13. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 PSD = 10  log ( 2 x  2 x  t) (one-sided PSD) = -13 dB Synthetic test: result

14. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 PSD at selected frequencies vs. time ( 0.01, 0.05, 0.5, 2.0 Hz) Noise energy in two frequency bands vs. time ( 0.05 – 0.1 Hz and 0.1 – 1.0 Hz ) Minimum noise level vs. frequency

15. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Example 1

16. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Example 1 disconnected sensor ? seems not likely

17. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Example 2

18. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Example 2 New sensor + digitizer

19. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Example 4

20. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Example 4 New temperature isolation sensor

21. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Example 4 ?

22. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Example 4 ?

23. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 Example 5 suspicious gain in meta-data

24. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 ODC-VEBSN event, SOLOMON ISLANDS REGION On 2007/04/04 at 00:39:34.79 UTC Magnitude = mb 6.2 Latitude = 14.43S Longitude = 158.30E Depth = 30.0 ARRIVALS: Net Sta Dist EvAz Phase Time TRes Def SNR mb Ms ML : GR WET 135.24 328.2 P 00:58:50.700 -0.2 T 28.2 6.3 - - OE MOA 135.30 325.9 P 00:58:51.187 0.1 T 10.5 5.8 - - OE OBKA 135.91 324.2 P 00:58:51.833 -0.4 T 7.3 5.6 - - SL LJU 136.19 323.7 P 00:58:52.910 0.2 T 20.2 9.1 - - OE KBA 136.25 325.6 P 00:58:52.417 -0.4 T 16.2 5.8 - - SL CEY 136.42 323.4 P 00:58:52.996 -0.1 T 28.4 9.2 - - OE WTTA 137.06 326.8 P 00:58:54.122 -0.2 T 20.6 6.4 - - GE STU 137.32 330.1 P 00:58:55.376 0.6 T 12.8 6.4 - - NL HGN 137.37 334.3 P 00:58:55.045 0.2 T 8.0 6.0 - - GE WLF 138.09 333.1 P 00:58:56.009 -0.2 T 9.5 6.2 - - : mb difference

25. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 1 10 9 10 6 f Normalization

26. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 impulse response amplitude response before update after update

27. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 N E Z Polarization verification

28. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 SeisComp3 – RT QC station map / status origin information / review trace viewer QC parameter status

29. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 SC3 Real-Time Quality Control View

30. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 >= 90 % data : 53 % channels >= 95 % data : 36 % channels >= 99 % data : 10 % channels

31. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 12 hours ODC outage per year = 0.14 % average: 98.3 %

32. ORFEUS Quality Control – Reinoud Sleeman Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 13-19 Aug 2010 ORFEUS does not operate stations VEBSN is a complex, heterogeneous and dynamic system ODC operational for 99.86 % Data gaps in order of days Missing data mainly due to station problems and/or communication problem ? Secondary data retrieval mechanisms