2. Where Good Ideas Come From http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nu gRZGDbPFUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nu gRZGDbPFU ©Suzanne Ryan

3. Welcome back to English Composition

4. Agenda: Discuss plagiarismDiscuss plagiarism Look at sample citations and references in a sample paperLook at sample citations and references in a sample paper Discuss exemplifications (how to use examples)Discuss exemplifications (how to use examples) ©Suzanne Ryan

5. Citations

6. Why We Use Examples To persuade skeptical readers who are reluctant to accept your viewpoint To show a causal relationship To be more interesting and take the reader beyond a telling statement Help to explain or clarify an abstraction To avoid unintended ambiguity

7. Forms of Examples Specific names (people, places, products) Anecdotes Personal observations Expert opinions (from outside sources, interviews) Facts Statistics Case studies via research

8. Example Types Personal-case examples Typical-case examples Hypothetical examples Generalized examples Extended examples

9. Personal-experience Examples From your own life Lend personal authority Create drama

10. Typical-case Examples Objective in nature: can be especially convincing About an actual event/situation, but you didn’t directly experience it. Source could be newspapers, magazines, television

11. Hypothetical Examples Speculative, but be sure it’s conceivable Might ask the reader to imagine a scenario Be sure to acknowledge that your example is invented –Ex:“suppose that…” or “assume for a moment that…”

12. Generalized Examples Composite of the typical and usual –Ex: “everyone, at one time or another, has been driven to distraction by a trivial annoyance like the buzzing of a fly or the sting of a paper cut.” –Ex: “when most people get a compliment, they perk up, preen, and think the praise-giver is blessed with astute power of observation.”

13. Extended Examples Employ many details and specifics Last an entire paragraph Sometimes can encompass the entire essay, but must be significant to stand alone as the only example

14. Effective Examples Be relevant-- have a direct bearing on the subject Be dramatic Be accurate (esp. when using facts, figures, statistics) Be non-contradictory Avoid sweeping generalizations at all costs, for they do not convince readers

15. Effective Examples Be representative: avoid oddball or one-in-a-million types of examples; They distort and are not honest –Ex: if writing a paper on the difficulties of getting through college and you use the example of a student who works 35 hours a week and still gets straight A’s, that’s not typical or representative. It does not exemplify what MOST students experience.

16. Effective Examples Use an organizational approach: –Chronological –Ascending importance –Descending importance –Simple to complex –Emphatic sequence

17. Recognize & Use Key Words For example, For instance, First, second, third Next, in addition

18. Questions? ©Suzanne Ryan 17

19. 1 st Draft Rubric 15 points –Introduction (hook, thesis statement, 3 main points) (2.5 points) –Body paragraphs (each paragraph: topic sentence, supporting evidence, “bridge” that connects the evidence back to the thesis statement, concluding sentence, transitions) (5 points) –Complete sentences (2 points) –Conclusion (3 main points, reworded thesis statement, tie back to the hook in the introduction) (2.5 points) –APA style Citations (1 point) –APA style References page (1 point) –Typed in Times New Roman 12 point, double-spaced, with a cover page (your name, class & period, title of paper, date, instructor’s name), stapled, and printed out (1 point) Reminder: Syllabus states No Handwritten or Late Papers Accepted. Please include a grading sheet with these items listed

20. Edited Paper (due Week 7) Rubric 10 points –Grammar and Usage (2.5 points) –Mechanics (2.5 points) –Introduction (hook, thesis statement, support, transition) (1 point) –Body paragraphs (each paragraph: topic sentence, supporting evidence, “bridge” that connects the evidence back to the thesis statement, concluding sentence, transitions) (1 point) –Conclusion (reworded thesis statement, transition—could be the supporting points that will be in the body paragraphs, tie back to the hook in the introduction) (1 point) –Citations and References included (1 point) –Typed in Times New Roman 12 point, double-spaced, with a cover page (your name, class & period, title of paper, date, instructor’s name), and printed out (1 point) Reminder: Syllabus states No Handwritten or Late Papers Accepted.

21. Final Paper (Due Week 8) Rubric 20 points –Grammar and Usage (5 points) –Mechanics (5 points) –Introduction (hook, thesis statement, support, transition) (2 points) –Body paragraphs (each paragraph: topic sentence, supporting evidence, “bridge” that connects the evidence back to the thesis statement, concluding sentence, transitions) (3 points) –Conclusion (reworded thesis statement, transition—could be the supporting points that will be in the body paragraphs, tie back to the hook in the introduction) (2 points) –Citations and References included and properly formatted (2 points) –Typed in Times New Roman 12 point, double-spaced, with a cover page (your name, class & period, title of paper, date, instructor’s name), and printed out (1 point) No electronic copies accepted for the final paper. Reminder: Syllabus states No Handwritten or Late Papers Accepted.

22. Writing Workshop Work on your papers Due Friday See Monday’s slides for the rubric

23. Thank you for participating! ©Suzanne Ryan 22