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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” WHRP Project 0092-10-06 Effect of Recovered Binders from Recycled Shingles and Increased RAP Percentages on Resultant Binder PG Ramon Bonaquist, Ph.D., P.E. Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC
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“Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Outline Objectives Approach Major Findings Conclusions and Recommendations
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Objectives Improve the AASHTO performance graded binder blending chart analysis. Use the improved blending chart analysis to evaluate current WisDOT criteria for binder replacement. Identify potential effects of using RAP and RAS on pavement service life, both positive and negative.
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Approach Review of current practice –WisDOT specs relative to other agencies –AASHTO M323 blending chart analysis Blending chart improvements –RAS –Multiple recycled binders Characterization of WI recycled materials –6 RAP, 6 FRAP, and 6 RAS –Northern and Southern sources
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Approach Continued Reliability based blending chart analysis –Considered variation in temperature and continuous grade temperature –Effect of WisDOT binder replacement criteria on low temperature properties –Recommendations for adjustments
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Review of Current Practice WisDOT binder replacement relative to: –Alabama –Georgia –Minnesota –Missouri –South Carolina –Texas –Virginia
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Surface Mixtures
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Lower Layer Mixtures
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Blending Chart Improvements Issues –AASHTO M323 and AASHTO PP53 use linear blending charts for RAP and RAS –Linear blending charts were developed for blends of recovered RAP binders in virgin binder. Do they apply to RAS and blends with RAP and RAS? –Can’t grade recovered RAS binders due to different rheology primarily at low temperatures. Fails stiffness at very low temperature Fails m-value at very high temperature
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Blending Charts for RAS
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” High Temperature
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Intermediate Temperature
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Low Temperature
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Linearity Limit
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Grading RAS Binders Extract and recover RAS binder Prepare a 30/70 blend of recovered RAS in virgin binder of known performance grade Grade blend per AASHTO R29 Knowing virgin and 30/70 blend continuous grade extrapolate RAS continuous grade
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Notes on RAS Binder Recovery AASHTO T164 Method A, centrifuge extraction Rotovapor primary distillation Abson recovery Modifications –Heat flask in oven after primary distillation and prior to start of Abson recovery –Use higher temperatures in Abson recovery
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Blending Chart for Multiple Recycled Binders
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Blending Chart vs R29 High
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Blending Chart vs R29 Intermediate
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Blending Chart vs R29 Low
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Recycled Material Characterization
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” RAP/FRAP High
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” RAP/FRAP Intermediate
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” RAP/FRAP Low
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Average Grade of WI RAP PG 82.8 (26.9) -21.8 Standard Deviation PropertyWI RAPVirgin PG 64-22 High2.20.5 Intermediate1.41.1 Low1.40.8
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Extrapolated RAS High
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Extrapolated RAS Intermediate
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Extrapolated RAS Low
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Average Grade of WI RAS North –PG 122.1 (34.4) -4.7 South –PG 111.3 (31.0) -8.4 PropertyWI RASVirgin PG 64-22 High5.40.5 Intermediate1.81.1 Low1.80.8
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” WI RAP vs WI RAS PropertyWI RAPNorth RASSouth RAS High82.2122.1111.3 Intermediate26.934.431.0 Low-21.8-4.7-8.4
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Reliability Analysis Two sources of variability –Pavement temperature at the project location –Continuous grade of blended binder Overall reliability Average and Standard Deviation of Pavement Temperature at Project Location Average and Standard Deviation of Continuous Grade Temperature
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Standard Deviation of Blend
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Standard Deviation of Blend
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Standard Deviation of Blend PropertyVirginRAPRAS High0.52.25.4 Intermediate1.11.41.8 Low0.81.41.8
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Reliability Analysis PG 58-34 61 Weather Stations PG 58-28 79 Weather Stations Mid Grade Binder Exceptional Binder
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Mid Grade Surface Current Limits
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Exceptional Surface Current Limits
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Mid Grade Surface Revised Limits
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Mid Grade Lower Revised Limits
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Revised Limits
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Conclusions Linear blending is applicable to blends of RAS up to about 30 percent Linear blending provides a reasonable estimate of the continuous grade of blends of multiple recycled binders WI RAP/FRAP is very consistent having a recovered grade of PG 82.8 (26.9) -21.8
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Conclusions Appears to be a geographic difference in WI RAS –North 122.1 (34.4) -4.7 –South 111.3 (31.0) -8.4 RAS changes binder grade much more than RAP Current WisDOT binder replacement does not treat RAP and RAS mixtures equally
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Recommendations Consider modifying binder replacement criteria to provide similar reliability for RAP and RAS mixtures Use reliability analysis to approve mixtures with recycled contents greater than the binder replacement limits Monitor continuous grade of recycled sources using the procedures developed in this project
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Recommendations Monitor continuous grade of virgin binder sources Monitor cracking performance of pavements with recycled binders
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Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC “Engineering Services for the Asphalt Industry” Questions/Discussion Ramon Bonaquist Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC 108 Powers Court, Suite 100 Sterling, VA 20166 703-444-4200 aatt@erols.com
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