1. Greenleaf ® Carbide Profile
Selecting The Right Grade
Dale Hill
Applications Engineer
Technical Services

2. Factors Affecting Grade Choice
• Work Material?
• Operation – Milling, Turning, Etc…?
• Roughing or Finishing?
• Objective –Improve Tool Life?, Solve Breakage Problem, etc…?
• Looking for General Purpose Tool?

3. What Makes Grades Different?
• Amount (%)of Tungsten Carbide (Wear)
• Amount (%)of Cobalt Binder (Strength)
• Grain Size of the Powder (Wear  Strength)
• Alloying Elements - TiC (abrasion) / TaC (hot hardness)

4. Shock Resistance/ Strength
Carbide Grain Size
Sub-Micron < 1µm
Fine µm
Wear Resistance/ Hardness
Medium 2-3µm
Coarse 3⁺ µm
Shock Resistance/ Strength

5. Sub-Micron Grain Carbide Grades ( <1µm)
G-20M ,GA-5026, G-920, G-925
Wear Resistance/ Hardness
G01M, G9230
Shock Resistance/ Strength

6. Fine Grain Carbide Grades (1-2 µm)
GA-5025
Wear Resistance/ Hardness
G-74
Shock Resistance/ Strength

7. Medium Grain Carbide Grades (2-3µm)
G-60, GA-5125, GA-5035, G-955, G9120
G-53, GA-5036, G-935
Wear Resistance/ Hardness
G-10
G-02, GA-5023
Shock Resistance/ Strength

8. Coarse Grain Carbide Grades ( 3⁺µm)
G-01, GA-5040, G-910, G-915
Wear Resistance/ Hardness
G-50, G5135
Shock Resistance/ Strength

9. Shock Resistance/ Strength
Sub-Micron < 1µm
G-20M, G-920, G-925, GA5026
G-01M , G9230
Fine Grain 1~2 µm
G40, GA5025, G74
Wear Resistance/ Hardness
Medium Grain 2~3 µm
G-60, GA-5125, GA-5035, G-955, G9120
G-53, GA-5036, G-935, G10, G-02, GA05023
Coarse Grain 3+ µm
G-50, G5135
G-01 , GA-5040, G-910, G-915
Shock Resistance/ Strength

10. TURNING P- Steel M-Stainless Steel K-Cast Iron S- High Temp Alloy
More Wear Resistant
Toughest
P- Steel
GA5025
GA5035(G60)
G955(G60)
G9120 (G60)
GA5125 (G60)
G935(G53)
G5135 (G50)
G915(G01) GA5040(G01)
M-Stainless Steel
GA5026(G20M) GA925(G20M)
G920(G20M)
GA5023(G02)
G01M
G9230 (G01M)
G915(G01)
K-Cast Iron
GA5026(G20M)
S- High Temp Alloy
(except Titanium)
GA5023 (G02)
S-Titanium
G925(G20M)
G-920 (G20M)
G9230(G01M)

11. Basic Tool Wear Mechanisms
Flank Wear
Most Predictable Wear
Possible Solutions…
Reduce Speed
More Wear Resistant Grade

12. Basic Tool Wear Mechanisms
Crater Wear
Possible Solutions…
Reduce Feed
Reduce Speed
Apply Coolant

13. Basic Tool Wear Mechanisms
Built-up Edge
Possible Solutions…
Increase Speed
Increase Feed
Edge Prep/Hone Change
Coolant

14. Basic Tool Wear Mechanisms
Chipping
Possible Solutions…
Use Stronger Grade
Increase Edge Prep/Hone
Increase Tool Lead Angle
Check Tool Overhang
Check Fixture

15. Basic Tool Wear Mechanisms
Notching
Possible Solutions…
Change Lead Angle
Change Edge Prep/Hone
Reduce Feed
Use Ramp cutting

16. Basic Tool Wear Mechanisms
Thermal Cracking/ Heat Checking
Possible Solutions…
Adjust Coolant Supply
Reduce Speed
Reduce Feed
Use Higher Hot Hardness Grade

17. Basic Tool Wear Mechanisms
Deformation
Possible Solutions…
Reduce Speed
Reduce Feed
Coolant Flow
Select Harder Grade

18. Basic Tool Wear Mechanisms
Fracture
Possible Solutions…
Use Stronger Grade/Geometry
Reduce Feed
Reduce Depth of Cut
Check Tool Overhang
Check Fixture

19. The Greenleaf ® Carbide Grade Profile

20. G-01 Uncoated Carbide ISO Application P-M-K
Carbide Grade
G-01
Uncoated Carbide
ISO Application P-M-K
Toughest Substrate
Good Choice for Turning or Milling at Low Speeds…
Stainless Steel
Low Carbon Steel
High Temperature Alloys

21. MT-CVD TiCN + TiN Coating
GA-5040
MT-CVD TiCN + TiN Coating
Carbide Base Grade - G-01
ISO Application P-M-K
Tough Substrate
Thick Layer of TiCN for
Added Abrasion Resistance
Top TiN Layer

22. Designed for Severe Use Applications Milling and Interrupted Cuts
Low to Moderate Speeds
Moderate to High Feeds
Milling and Interrupted Cuts
General Purpose Grade

23. Most Economic “Go To” Grade
GA-5040
Most Economic “Go To” Grade
Questionable Machine Condition
Poor Part Fixturing
First Time Machining Material
Widest Range of Application
Spans Entire ISO “P M K” Range

24. G-910 PVD TiN Coated Carbide Base Grade - G-01 ISO Application P-M-K
First Choice for Milling Titanium
Low to Medium Speeds
Medium to High Feed
Good for Higher Rake /
Sharper Edge

25. G-910 Application Range for ISO “P” Class Materials
Steels (Cast/Stainless), Long Chip Malleable Irons
P35 – P55
Application Range for ISO “M” Class Materials
Alloyed Cast Irons, Austenitic Stainless, Heat Resistant
M30 – M40
Application Range for ISO “K” Class Materials
Cast Iron, Nickel Alloys, Non-Ferrous Metals
K20 – K35

26. G-915 PVD TiAlN Coated Carbide Base Grade - G-01 ISO Application P-M-K
Turning or Milling Grade
First Choice for Stainless Steels
Low to Medium Speeds
Medium to High Feed

27. G-915 Application Range for ISO “P” Class Materials
Steels (Cast/Stainless), Long Chip Malleable Irons
P35 – P55
Application Range for ISO “M” Class Materials
Alloyed Cast Irons, Austenitic Stainless, Heat Resistant
M30 – M45
Application Range for ISO “K” Class Materials
Cast Iron, Nickel Alloys, Non-Ferrous Metals
K20 – K35

28. G-01M Uncoated Micro-Grain Carbide ISO Application M-S
Carbide Grade
G-01M
Uncoated Micro-Grain Carbide
ISO Application M-S
Tough Sub-Micron Carbide
Higher Feed and Interrupted Cuts
Cast and Forged Scale Conditions
More Wear Resistant Than G-01

29. Same ISO Range as G-01 Available in TurboForm (TF) Chipbreaker
Carbide Grade
G-01M
Uncoated Micro-Grain Carbide
Same ISO Range as G-01
Available in TurboForm (TF) Chipbreaker

30. G-9230 Carbide Grade PVD TiAlN Coated Carbide ISO Application M-K-S
Carbide Base Grade - G-01M
ISO Application M-K-S
Tough Sub-Micron Carbide
Higher Feed and Interrupted Cuts
Cast and Forged Scale Conditions
Compliments Grade G-925

31. G-9230 Carbide Grade PVD TiAlN Coated Carbide
ISO Application M30-K20-S20
First Choice for Medium to Heavy Machining of…
Nickel Alloys Cobalt Alloys
Titanium Alloys Stainless Steel
Alloyed Irons

32. New… G-9230

33. G-20M Uncoated Micro-Grain Carbide ISO Application M20-K05-S05
Carbide Grade
G-20M
Uncoated Micro-Grain Carbide
ISO Application M20-K05-S05
Sub-Micron Notch Resistant Grade
Used on High Temperature Alloys
Stands Up to Forging Scale/As Cast Materials

34. Carbide Grade
G-20M
Good Choice for Low Speed, Light to Medium Machining of…
Nickel Alloys Cobalt Alloys
Titanium Alloys Aluminum
Non-Ferrous Material

35. Carbide Base Grade - G-20M
Carbide Grade
G-920
PVD TiN Coated
Carbide Base Grade - G-20M
ISO Application M-K-S
Finish Turning Thin Walled Parts
Excellent Grooving Grade for Nickel Based Alloys
Thermal Stability/ Low Coefficient of Friction Reduces Built Up Edge
Machine Aluminum Alloys Instead of “J” Polish

36. G-920 Carbide Grade PVD TiN Coated
ISO Application M15-K10-S05
Alloyed Cast Irons, Stainless Steels, Heat Resistant
Available With ‘Up Sharp’ Edge

37. Carbide Grade G-925 PVD TiAlN Coated ISO Application M-K-S
Carbide Base Grade G-20M
ISO Application M-K-S
Higher Speeds Than G-920
TiAlN Coating Properties are Suited for High Temperature Cutting Conditions

38. G-925 Carbide Grade Titanium, Nickel and Cobalt alloys
PVD TiAlN Coated
ISO Application M15-K05-S05
First Choice for Light to Medium Machining of…
Titanium, Nickel and Cobalt alloys
Stainless Steels, Co-Cr-Mo and Cast Irons

39. G-925 Carbide Grade PVD TiAlN Coated
Excellent Wear Grade For High Temp Alloys
2-3 Times Tool life over TiN Coated Insert

40. MT-CVD (TiCN + Al2O3 + TiN)
Carbide Grade
GA-5026
MT-CVD (TiCN + Al2O3 + TiN)
Carbide Base Grade G-20M
ISO Application M-K-S
High Speed Grade
High Wear Resistance
Extended Tool Life

41. GA-5026 Carbide Grade MT-CVD (TiCN + Al2O3 + TiN)
ISO Application M15-K05-S05
Higher Hot Hardness
Resistance to Cratering due to Al2O3
Light Hone Recommended
Good Steel Finishing Grade (FF2 or TF)

42. ISO Application Range M-K
Carbide Grade
G-02
MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3)
ISO Application Range M-K
Uncoated Grade for Cast Iron, Aluminum, Brass, Copper, etc.

43. GA-5023 MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3) Carbide Base Grade G-02
Carbide Grade
GA-5023
MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3)
Carbide Base Grade G-02
ISO Application Range M-K
High Speed Grade
Rough and Finish Applications
Light Interrupted Cuts

44. GA-5023 Carbide Grade MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3)
ISO Application Range M20 - K15
First Choice for Cast,
Ductile and Nodular Irons
Good Finishing Grade for Stainless (use FF2)

45. G-5135 MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3) Carbide Base Grade G-50
Carbide Grade
G-5135
MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3)
Carbide Base Grade G-50
ISO Application Range P35-M30-K20
Tough Base Grade for Strength
Alumina Coating for Resistance to
Heat, Wear & Deformation
Effective against Cobalt Enriched Grades

46. Field Results Against Competition
Carbide Grade
G-5135
Field Results Against Competition
Material Speed(SFM) Feed DOC Competition Result 
4140                                        .015      .100        Korloy/Stellram              15% better tool life
4340                                       .012      .125        ZCC                               12% better tool life
316 Stainless Steel                  .008      .120        Korloy/ZCC                   10% better tool life
410 Stainless Steel                  .006      .100        Seco/ZCC                     12% better tool life
17-4 PH                                  .010      .075        Sumitomo/Mitsubishi    5% better tool life

47. First Choice for Turning or Milling at Medium Speeds…
Carbide Grade
G-5135
Antique to new CNC machines, out-of round parts, Heavy Scale & Slag at a variety of speeds/feeds/doc’s
First Choice for Turning or Milling at Medium Speeds…
Forged Alloy Steel
Ductile Iron

48. Current Stocking Program…
Carbide Grade
G-5135
Current Stocking Program…
CNMG643 MR – CNMG644 MR
SNMG644 MR – SNMG866 MR
TNMG666 MR

49. G-53 Uncoated Carbide ISO Application P-M
Carbide Grade
G-53
Uncoated Carbide
ISO Application P-M
Uncoated General Purpose Steel Milling Grade
Forged/Cast Steels
400 Series Stainless Steels
Moderate Speed at Medium to High Feed

50. G-935 PVD - TiAlN Carbide Base Grade G-53
Carbide Grade
G-935
PVD - TiAlN
Carbide Base Grade G-53
ISO Application Range P15-P45
General Purpose Steel Milling Grade
Improved Tool Life and Speed over G-53
Deep Depth of Cut
Medium Speed at Medium to High Feed

51. G-60 Uncoated Carbide ISO Application P-M
Carbide Grade
G-60
Uncoated Carbide
ISO Application P-M
Uncoated General Purpose Steel Turning Grade
Forged/Cast Steels
400 Series Stainless Steels

52. GA-5035 MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3 + TiN) Carbide Base Grade G-60
Carbide Grade
GA-5035
MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3 + TiN)
Carbide Base Grade G-60
ISO Application Range P-M
All Purpose Turning Grade
for Most Steels
Good Resistance to Deformation
400 and PH Stainless Steels

53. GA-5035 MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3 + TiN)
Carbide Grade
GA-5035
MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3 + TiN)
ISO Application Range P25 – M25
Apply at Moderate/High Speeds
Moderate Feed Rates

54. G-9120 PVD TiAlN Coated Carbide Base Grade G-60
Carbide Grade
G-9120
PVD TiAlN Coated
Carbide Base Grade G-60
ISO Application Range P20-P35
Rough Turn & Mill of Steel Forgings/Castings
Moderate Speeds
Moderate to High Feeds

55. New… G-9120

56. GA5125 Carbide Grade MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3)
Carbide Base Grade G-60
ISO Application Range P15-P30
Milling and Turning of Manganese Steels
High Speeds
Moderate Feeds

57. GA5125

58. GA-5025 MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3+ TiN)
Carbide Grade
GA-5025
MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3+ TiN)
ISO Application Range P
Continuous Turning
Light Interruptions
High Speeds
Low/Moderate Feeds

59. GA-5025 MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3 + TiN)
Carbide Grade
GA-5025
MT CVD ( TiCN + Al2O3 + TiN)
ISO Application Range P15
Application Areas:
Tube Scarfing
Medium to Finish Turning Cast Steels

60. Thank You