1. Oral Communications Diff.

2.  The same words and two independent clauses but in reversed or changed order.  “Repetition of certain words in reverse order.”  EXAMPLE: “When the going gets tough, the tough get going.”

3.  The rhetorical contrast of ideas by means of parallel arrangements of words, clauses, or sentences; the second stage of a dialectic process.  “The juxtaposition of sharply contrasting words or phrases.”  EXAMPLE: “Action, not words.” OR “When pigs fly.” OR “When hell freezes over.”

4.  Passing on to the strongest word after advancing through milder ones.  “Going through milder words to get to the strongest word at the end of the sentence.”  EXAMPLE: “The continuance of anger is hatred; the continuance of hatred turns to malice.”

5.  When two words that have the opposite meaning of each other are put together in one sentence.  “A contradiction of words.”  EXAMPLE: “Alone together.” OR “Pretty ugly.” OR “Jumbo shrimp.”

6.  Repetition of the last word in one line or clause to begin the next.  “The same word in a sentence and it begins the next sentence. You repeat the last word or phrase of the sentence in the beginning of the next.”  EXAMPLE: “To beg your pardon. Pardon, I beseech you.” OR “Fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering.”

7.  The repetition of a word or words at the beginning of two or more successive verses, sentences, or clauses.  “The same word being repeated at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row.”  EXAMPLE: “He laughed at you. He laughed at me. He laughed at us all.”

8.  Using a word in substitution for an original word. (Slang.)  “Substituting a descriptive word for a proper name. (Nickname.)”  EXAMPLE: “Strawberry.” OR “CAT Nyberg.” OR “Mr. Right.”

9.  The direct address of some abstract quality or nonexistent person.  EXAMPLE: “Hello, Darkness, my old friend. I’ve come to talk with you again.” OR “Blue moon, you saw me standing alone, without a dream in a my heart, without a love of my own.” (Songs use this a lot.)

10.  A scheme where conjunctions are omitted from a series of related causes.  “A list of words or phrases as examples.”  EXAMPLE: “I came. I saw. I conquered. OR “I like Jewish, French, and wheat bread.”

11.  A figure of speech in which a series is in a certain order.  “Progression from lesser to a greater degree of quality or quantity.”  EXAMPLE: “I began by sitting in a chair, then driving a car, then BAM! I was at the controls of a spaceship.”