1. Sustainable Management of “Wastes” Prof Thomas DiStefano Bucknell University February 2009

2. Sustainable Management of Municipal Solid Waste

3. LCRMS Landfill

4. Anthropogenic Carbon methane + CO 2 Gas leakage

5. Cogeneration – Electricity and Steam Landfill gas electricity Steam CO 2

6. LCRMS currents converts ¼ of its landfill gas to electricity and hot water (cogeneration)

7. Size-reduced MSW (Dano drum, Rapid City, South Dakota, U.S.A.)

8. Sized-Reduced MSW

9. Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Waste in Europe

10. Digester Feeding

21. MSW collection heat and electricity IC-CHP anaerobic digester digestate

22. MSW collection (84) heat and electricity IC-CHP gas storage raw materials fossil fuel anthropogenic GHG (56) (42) recycle (14) digestate(69) on-site use emissions biogas (15) fugitive emissions (0.1) (140) anaerobic digester (14.9) gas biogenic emissions to U.S. power demand landfill w/ gas recovery rotating sieve

23. Annual energy demand and GHG emissions Energy Required (TJ) Nationwide Emissions (MM MT CO2e) digester op.6,5000.11 Landfill residual341,00081.4 transport MSW14,0001.8 biogenic methane-54,000-8.8 to -15.8 Totals307,00069 to 76 current landfill638,000208 Total savings w/AD331,000 175B kWh132 to 139

24. The potential effect of anaerobic biodegradation of MSW throughout the U.S. is considerable 140 million tons MSW/yr 5.9 billion m 3 /yr methane 15 billion kWh/yr Electricity consumption of 6.2 million US citizens Save 130 million metric tons of eCO 2 Carbon tax credits of $40 to $60/MT CO 2 e

25. Carbon taxes would result in landfill tipping fees similar to the EU carbon tax of $15 to $50 / MT CO 2 e methane + CO 2 50 years : AD saves 6 billion MT CO 2 e and 4 trillion kWh