1. By Victoria Howland and Scott Turgeon

2.  Major Qualifying Project  Stantec Project Center ◦ Center Director: Fred Hart ◦ Faculty Co-Advisor: Suzanne LePage ◦ On-Site Stantec Advisor: Tom Pace

3.  Byproducts of coal combustion plants can cause water and soil contamination if not disposed of properly in a landfill. Given an earthquake, the landfill would be subject to various modes of failure, releasing byproducts into the surrounding environment.

4.  Identify applicable stabilization methods ◦ Deep Soil Mixing  Mixing slurry with in-situ soil ◦ Jet Grouting  Spraying grout into the ground ◦ Slurry Trenching  Creating a slurry wall ◦ Stone Columns  Creating columns from stone  Decision analysis for most suitable stabilization method

6.  Compare methods according to area replaced  Ideally 20-30%  ARR=

7. Stabilization MethodDeep Soil MixingJet GroutingSlurry TrenchingStone Columns ARR Value72.80%39.25%58.00%39.25% Cost (million $)23.001,061.00290.0022.15 Schedule (months)77.00930.00107.0031.00

8. Cost Production Rate Stabilization Method Deep Soil Mixing Jet GroutingSlurry Trenching Stone Columns Pre$2.60/ft 3 $43.64/ft 3 $33.00/ft 3 $17.00/VLF Post$4.60/ft 3 $11.00/ft 3 $30.00/VLF Stabilization Method Deep Soil Mixing Jet GroutingSlurry Trenching Stone Columns Pre5297 ft 3 /day1833 ft 3 /day267 ft 3 /day375 VLF/day Post5000 ft 3 /day6592 ft 3 /day13500 ft 3 /day800 VLF/day

10.  Given cost per volume  Equipment, materials, labor Stabilization Method Deep Soil Mixing Jet Grouting Slurry Trenching Stone Columns Unit Cost (cubic yards) 125300135115 Matrix Value9.203.838.5210.00

11.  Given production rates  Total time dependent on quantity Stabilization Method Deep Soil Mixing Jet Grouting Slurry Trenching Stone Columns Production Rate (yd 3 /day) 185245500215 Matrix Value 3.704.9010.004.30

12.  Construction can be a dangerous industry  Considered construction methods, machines, and processes for installing each stabilization technique  Same levels of safety Stabilization Method Deep Soil Mixing Jet Grouting Slurry Trenching Stone Columns Matrix Value 10

13.  When it was invented  Previous successes and failures  Established stabilization practice Stabilization Method Deep Soil Mixing Jet Grouting Slurry Trenching Stone Columns Matrix Value 1078

14.  Ease of installing the technique into the surrounding area  Proper soil conditions, space limitations, or landmark restrictions Stabilization Method Deep Soil Mixing Jet Grouting Slurry Trenching Stone Columns Matrix Value 7989

15.  Met with client to discuss matrix weighting ◦ Cost = 20% ◦ Schedule = 20% ◦ Safety = 15% ◦ Proven Technology = 25% ◦ Constructability= 20%