1. EAROPH 46 th REGIONAL CONFERENCE Transforming Cities The Spatial and Socio-economic Dimensions Solid Waste Management in Singapore Mr. Mohd Fadil Bin Supa’at Deputy Director Waste & Resource Management Department 20 November 2013

2. 1.Singapore’s Solid Waste Management Story 2.Overview of Current System 3.Challenges & Opportunities 4.Key Enhancements 5.Vision for Integrated Waste-to-Resource Management Outline 2

3. 1 Singapore’s Solid Waste Management Story 3

4. Singapore Today

5. Singapore in the 60s

6. The Approach to Manage the Environment Government recognised very early that economic development need not progress at the expense of the environment. More importantly a high standard of living for the people could not be achieved without a clean and healthy environment. In translating the vision to reality the government understand the need to adopt a long term perspective in planning and executing the various programmes. Other than emphasizing practicality of the solutions, continuous innovation has also been a hallmark of many environmental policies and programmes. Some basic principles

7. From Past to Present Transformation of living conditions & refuse collection 7

8. From Past to Present To Volume Reduction and Energy Recovery Ulu Pandan (1979) Tuas (1986)Senoko (1992)Tuas South (2000)Keppel Seghers (2009) 1,100 tons/day 1,700 tons/day 2,400 tons/day 3,000 tons/day 800 tons/day Decommissioned From Direct Landfilling … Lorong Halus Lim Chu Kang Choa Chu KangSemakau Landfill (Started operation in 1999) Closed 8

9. 2 Overview of Current System 9

10. Key Drivers

11. Our System Today 11 Note: Average daily figures for 2012 3%3% Non-incinerable waste Consumers Producers Ash 37% Incinerable waste 60% Waste Recycled Waste Generated Electricity Recycle CollectionLandfill Waste-to- Energy Reduce Reuse 19,862 t/d 541 t/d 11,846 t/d 7,475 t/d 1,779 t/d 2,688 MWh/d

12. Towards Environmental Sustainability Recycling Maximise resource recovery from waste Adopt better recycling methods to sustain clean environment Maximise resource recovery from waste Adopt better recycling methods to sustain clean environment Waste-to-Energy / Volume Reduction Adopt innovative technology to maximise energy recovery, minimise ash & land use Landfill Minimise waste to landfill Minimisation / Prevention Promote efficient use of resources in production processes Promote 3Rs & waste segregation at source in homes & businesses Promote efficient use of resources in production processes Promote 3Rs & waste segregation at source in homes & businesses 12 To enhance the sustainability of our system as solutions to the waste growth challenge are being developed

13. Minimisation/Prevention C&D Recycling Singapore Packaging Agreement (SPA) Voluntary industry-govt-NGO Agreement To promote packaging waste 3Rs 10,000 tonnes of packaging waste avoided S$22 mil saved since 2007 2 nd SPA started in 2012 and to commit further reduction of 6,500 ton by 2015

14. Recycling Promote economically viable and sustainable waste recycling. Businesses & IndustriesHomesSchools Pay-as-you-throw fee structure encourages waste generators to reduce waste disposal Recycling services are provided at industrial estates Recycling by Businesses & Industries National Recycling Programme Nationwide residential recycling programme implemented in all neighbourhoods Recycling bins conveniently located near every block of flats Recycling Programmes in Schools Builds awareness & promotes action from young 100% of primary & secondary schools have recycling corners Students volunteer as “Green Ambassadors”

15. Recycling of Household Waste National Recycling Programme Recycling in HDB estates Recycling bags (some estates) Fortnightly door-to-door collection Place bags outside unit before 7.30am Recycling bins Recycling in Landed Estates Recycling bins or Recycling bags Place bin/bag outside unit before 7.30am Commingled recycling system Deposit paper, plastic, metal and glass into the same recycling bin / bag Garden waste collection (some estates)

16. Recycling in Public Places

17. Recycling of Domestic Waste Collection Public waste collectors HDB flats Landed houses Schools Public / general waste collectors Condominiums General waste collector Public recycling bins National Recycling Programme

18. Recycling Rates

19. 10% of waste volume to be disposed Reduce volume of waste up to 90% Electricity Convert heat to electricity Waste Incineration Four Mass Burn Incineration Plants Total Capacity of 7800 tonnes /day Gate Fee S$77-81

20. Maximise Lifespan of Semakau Landfill Recycling IBA can reduce ash-to-landfill & enhance resource efficiency Frameworks & standards being developed to govern ash treatment & reuse 20 Semakau Offshore Landfill Singapore’s only landfill Area: 350 hectares o Non-incinerable Waste 500 t/d o Incineration Ash 1,700 t/d Recycling of Incineration Bottom Ash

21. 3 Key Challenges & Opportunities 21

22. Historical Trend Year2000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012 Recycling Rate 40%44%45%47%48%49%51%54%56%57%58%59%60% 22 Waste Incinerated (t/d) Year

23. Future Challenge Going forward, the Solid Waste Management Industry will continue to be a critical infrastructure needed to support the long term growth of Singapore’s economy. = Waste Generated 7.2 million tons 2012 2030 = Waste Generated 12.6 million tons Recycling Rate: 60% Recycling Rate: 70% Source: NEA, Singapore’s Population in Million 5.3m 1.5m 2012 5.3

24. i.Growing volume of waste ii.Limited Lifespan of our Landfill iii.Lack of land for more waste management facilities iv.Need to raise recycling rates v.Productivity of waste industry Challenges

25. 4 Key Aspects & Enhancements 25

26. 3R Enhancements We are stepping up our efforts to promote the 3Rs Businesses Launch of 2 nd Singapore Packaging Agreement Voluntary industry-government platform to promote packaging waste 3Rs 1 st SPA started in 2007 2 nd SPA started in July 2012 10,000 tons of packaging waste avoided & SGD22 mil saved Improved reduction targets by 2015 Commercial Premises Mandatory Reporting Requirement Commercial premises can benefit by recycling more & saving on waste disposal cost Large hotels & malls will be required to submit waste reduction plans & targets from 2014 Premises guided to formulate tailored plans 26 Homes Enhancements to National Recycling Programme Introducing enhancements to increase recycling accessibility & convenience 1 recycling bin for every block of flats being rolled out in phases Dual-refuse and recycling chutes systems implemented in selected new developments

27. Leverage on Community Support for Recycling Efforts Working with the community stakeholders COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT 60% 2012 70% 2030 Improve recycling rate To reduce waste to landfill… Raising public awareness on recycling and practising the 3Rs Recycling Week 2012 Annual Recycling Week Organised in partnership with CGS 2013 Launch Carnival Clean and Green Singapore - Public Waste Collectors (PWCs) - Schools - Community Based Organisations - Grassroots Organisations (GROs) Annual 3Rs Achiever Awards - Recognise constituencies with outstanding efforts in supporting the 3Rs in the communities Community Recycling Activities Eco Day Out @ South West - Community recycling events Cash-for-Trash activities 27

28. Consolidation of Public Waste Collection (PWC) Sectors 28 Optimise Efficiency $ $ $ Cost Savings Maintain Competition Combine smaller sectors to form larger ones New PWC Sectors – From 9 to 6 sectors Uniform Fee (UF) for domestic premises will be introduced progressively across all sectors Apartment = S$7 Landed = S$23.19

29. More Efficient Waste Collection We are striving to enhance waste collection efficiency & maintain high public health standards Automated system of conveying refuse in pipes by suction from buildings to central collection station No open handling of refuse – reduces threat to public health Indoor Refuse Inlet Sealed container Air Inlet valve Bin centre Dust & deodorant filters Transportation pipe 29 Pneumatic Refuse Conveyance System (PRCS) Implemented in selected developments Adoption to be widened

30. Energy Recovery & Volume Reduction 30 Senoko Tuas Tuas South Keppel Semakau Incineration ash Preliminary concept of planned integrated waste management facility Preliminary concept of planned integrated waste management facility i.Maximise energy recovery ii.Maximise resource recovery (eg. centralised sorting facility, ash reuse) iii Minimise environmental & land footprint

31. 5 Vision for Integrated Waste-to- Resource Management 31

32. Vision & Targets 32 3R practices are integrated with daily life & business operations A vibrant industry manages waste & resources effectively and contributes to economic growth Waste management facilities maximise resource & energy efficiency and minimise land footprint & environmental impacts A sustainable, affordable & integrated waste-to-resource management system 70% recycling rate by 2030