1. 5.1 Nature of Pollution

2. Sub-subtopics 5.1.1 Define the term pollution. 5.1.2 Distinguish between the terms point source pollution and non-point source pollution, and outline the challenges they present for management. 5.1.3 State the major sources of pollutants.

3. 5.1.1 Pollution ● “the addition to the biosphere of a substance or an agent (such as heat) by human activity, at a rate greater than that at which it can be rendered harmless by the environment.” – Rutherford, pg. 276

4. 3.1.1 Examples of Pollution ● Gases ● CO 2 ? ● Ozone (O 3 )? ● Liquids ● Solids ● Noise ● Light ● Heat

5. 5.1.2 Point Source Pollution Pollution from an easily recognizable, single site Chernobyl (26 April, 1986) Bhopal, India (2-3 December, 1984) Tailpipe of a car (multiple point sources can act as a non-point source) Easy to manage/regulate Identifiable source (factory chimney, waste disposal pipe, oil tanker, etc.) Identifiable culprit (factory, house, drilling platform, etc.)

6. 5.1.2 Non-point Source Pollution Pollution released from numerous, widely dispersed sites Chemical fertilizers Neighborhoods/cities Runoff Difficult to manage/regulate Who is the culprit? More widespread laws difficult to enforce Air pollution spreads hundreds of kilometers http://lab.visual-logic.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/image.png

7. Sources and Effects http://www.nature.nps.gov/air/aqbasics/images/AQBasicSources.gif

8. 5.1.3 Major Pollutants (from Rutherford, table 15.1, pg 277) MAJOR SOURCE POLLUTANTEFFECTS Combustion of fossil fuels ● Carbon dioxide CO 2 ● Sulfur dioxide SO 2 ● Nitrogen oxides NO X ● Photochemical smog ● Carbon monoxide CO ● Greenhouse gas; climate change ● Acid deposition; respiratory problems ● Respiratory infections, eye irritation, smog ● Damages plants, eye irritation, respiratory problems ● Suffocation (binds w/ hemoglobin in red blood cell) Domestic waste ● Organic waste (food & sewage) ● Waste paper ● Plastics (containers & packaging) ● Glass ● Tins ● Eutrophication; water-borne diseases ● Landfill; deforestation ● Landfill; derived from oil ● Manufacturing energy; landfill (recyclable) ● Landfill (recyclable) Industrial waste ● Heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, etc.) ● Fluorides ● Heat ● Lead ● Acids ● Poisoning ● Reduces oxygen solubility (BOD) ● Disabilities in children; poisoning ● Corrosive Agricultural waste ● Nitrates ● Organic waste ● Pesticides ● Eutrophication ● Eutrophication; spread diseases ● Biomagnification; bioaccumulation

9. 5.1.3 AIR Pollutants – EU

10. Korea & the U.S. Retrieved on 03-11-2011 from: http://eng.me.go.kr/content.do?me thod=moveContent&menuCode=p ol_cha_air_sta_emi_volume

11. 5.1.3 Major Pollutants – AIR INDOOR Retrieved 03-11-2011 from: http://www.ebtron.com/IAQ_Basics/ebtron_IAQ_Basics_Dillution.htm

12. 5.1.3 Major Pollutants - WATER Retrieved on 03-11-2011 from: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/images/wa ter/09085landscape.gif

13. 5.1.3 Major Pollutants - LAND Retrieved on 03-11-2011 from: http://visual.merriam-webster.com/images/earth/environment/land-pollution.jpg