1. Anuchit Jayapipat 3 July 2014 MSW Technology Anuchit Jayapipat 3 July 2014

2. MSW Technology for Energy Recovery 1) Mechanical and Biological Treatment (MBT) - Production of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) and Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) - Anaerobic Digestion - Incineration - Gasification and Pyrolysis - Plasma arc gasification 2) Landfill - Landfill Gas Recovery MSW Technology for Energy Recovery 1) Mechanical and Biological Treatment (MBT) - Production of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) and Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) - Anaerobic Digestion - Incineration - Gasification and Pyrolysis - Plasma arc gasification 2) Landfill - Landfill Gas Recovery MSW Technology MSW Management 1) Mechanical and Biological Treatment (MBT) 2) Landfill MSW Management 1) Mechanical and Biological Treatment (MBT) 2) Landfill

3. Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) The average waste produced per population in Thailand is around 0.7-1.2 Kg/day and the average is around 0.8 Kg/day and will be increased as the per capital income growth in the future.

4. MSW Materials Segregation Plant

5. Typical Compositions of MSW

6. Segregation of MSW for Energy Recovery The Solid (MSW) will be processed by mechanical equipment and manual to separate recycle materials such as plastics, papers, metals, non combustible and combustible materials and organic materials.

7. -Plastics, papers and metal will be recycled -Non combustible materials will be land-filled -Combustible materials will be used as energy sources -Organic materials can be fermented by anaerobic digestion to produce biogas or aerobic digestion to produce fertilizer The combustible materials can be processed to make RDF or SRF for selling as fuel to other industry such as cement plant, steel industrial plant or power plant or use in thermal treatment to produce power. The heating values of RDF or SRF are ranging from 18 to 25 MJ/Kg -Plastics, papers and metal will be recycled -Non combustible materials will be land-filled -Combustible materials will be used as energy sources -Organic materials can be fermented by anaerobic digestion to produce biogas or aerobic digestion to produce fertilizer The combustible materials can be processed to make RDF or SRF for selling as fuel to other industry such as cement plant, steel industrial plant or power plant or use in thermal treatment to produce power. The heating values of RDF or SRF are ranging from 18 to 25 MJ/Kg

8. Components of Solid Waste in Thailand

9. The conversion of technology to produce heat, power and synthetic fuels from MSW

10. Incineration

11. RDF Gasification

12. RDF Pyrolysis Pyrolysis Products at different operating Temperature

13. The produced fuel oil can also be used in the low or medium speed diesel engine to generate power

14. Plasma Arc Gasification

15. Anaerobic digestion for organic wastes of MSW

16. Two Stages Anaerobic Digester System

17. Biological Stages of Anaerobic Digestion

18. Comparison of Energy Production from MSW by Various Technologies The pyrolysis and gasification for MSW technologies are proven and many plants recently have been installed more than the Incineration technology due to less complication to clean the flue gas, cheaper investment, higher efficiency in generating heat and power. The Plasma arc gasification technology still under pilot scale testing and not commercially proven.

19. Recommendation for MSW Management