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Human Impact How we affect our Earth’s surface
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Agriculture Farming and raising animals. Farming can change the type of land, depending on the farming being used. Slash burn – burning trees for more room, kills trees (oxygen) dangerous gases in air. Even advanced farming can deprive soil of nutrients. Animals can overgraze. More erosion. Can result in DESERTIFICATION Fertilizers ruin the soil and runoff goes into the water surrounding.
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Farming
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Slash burn
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Fishing If done responsibly, causes little harm Drift nets: huge nets that typically catch everything. United Nations enacted regulations to reduce this. Overfishing: when we catch too many of a certain type of fish. Reduces population and disrupts ecosystem.
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Drift Nets
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Waste Disposal Landfills: storage of trash. Contaminates the soil, and water that comes into contact with it. Leachate: water that moves through a landfill. Toxic and dangerous. Most landfills have leachate collection and monitoring systems. Plastic under the soil to prevent water from moving outside of landfill. Some does leak out.
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landfill
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Leachate
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Waste Disposal Waste products also dumped into water. If the waste water contains foreign substances or changes the temperature of the water it goes into, it can harm the ecosystem. Also dumped into the air. Some of these pollutants cause acid rain or snow. Corrode buildings, damage crops, cause water to be unsuitable for fish and wildlife.
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Waste in Water
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Energy Production Burn fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Harmful substances released: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, lead, mercury Also use water by creating dams. However, this changes the natural flow of water, and can ruin/damage ecosystems.
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Dams
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Obtaining Raw Materials Such as wood, water, coal, iron, uranium, stone Can destroy ecosystems. Mining can disrupt habitats and contaminate nearby bodies of water Getting water can disrupt ecosystems by changing the flow of water, and can impact those people/animals/plants downstream.
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Construction and Urbanization As population increases, we need places to live!!! Negative impacts on natural habitats People living in cities tend to use more natural resources than those living in rural areas. Since there are more people gravitating to cities, this creates urbanization. Urban areas are hotter (microclimate) since it has more concrete for the sun’s radiation to bounce from.
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Conservation Careful use and preservation of Earth’s resources Plan ahead to minimize negative impacts. It is hard to cut out everything, but there are methods. Reducing, reusing, and recycling
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Reducing Smaller cars = less resources to make Energy efficient = less pollution
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Reuse Hand me down clothes = less energy at factories to make clothes Other materials too… Keeps things out of landfills Cuts the waste down from creating new things
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Recycle Making new products from things that have been used before. Recycling paper = fewer trees cut down Recycling aluminum cans = less aluminum needs to be made
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Please Remember! Crossword Due Thursday! Standard Review due Tuesday! (Tomorrow) Study Islands due Thursday! Presentation due Thursday for presentation Test on all of Earth’s surface (Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, and Human Impact) on FRIDAY!!!!! Extra Credit Study Island due Thursday too!!!!!!
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