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What is Biomass Gasification ? Conversion of organic materials into combustible gas mixture called SYN Gas or Producer Gas. Involves partial combustion of biomass Four distinct processes occur in the Gasifier as illustrated below: * Organic materials are living organisms from plants and animals.
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The Gasification Process 1. Drying Removal of Water with Heat 2. Pyrolysis Decomposition with heat 3. Combustion Process of Burning/oxidation 4. Reduction Oxygen lost and Hydrogen added
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Biomass From Agro-Forestry Residues Woody/Bamboo pieces or Chips Rice Husk Nut Shell like Coconut, Peanut Corn Cob Sugarcane Baggasse Cashew Nut Shell Agriculture Waste Wood Corn Cobs Rice Husk
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Syngas or Producer Gas (Chemical Formula) N 2 Nitrogen CO Carbon Monoxide H 2 Hydrogen CO 2 Carbon Dioxide CH 4 Methane O 2 Oxygen
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Syngas/Producer Gas - Composition Chemical Compounds Rice HuskWoody Biomass CO15-25%20-27% H2H2 10-15% CH 4 Upto 4%Upto 3% N2N2 45-55%45-50% CO 2 8-12% O2O2 0-0.5%0-0.6% Gas C.V. (kcal/Nm 3 ) Above 1050Above 1100 Syngas generated per kg of biomass 2 Nm32.5 Nm3
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Syngas Characteristics No Color Some Odor (distinct “burnt” smell) Some Impurities (Not Clean) Poisonous (Health Affecting)
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Biomass Gasification Technology, Gasifier System Components and Design
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Biomass Gasifier – Products WBG - Woody Biomass Gasifier FBG - Rice Husk Gasifier COMBO - Combination Biomass Gasifier
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Bin Hopper Reactor Venturi Scrubber Heat Exchanger Demister Blower Filters Gas Line Gas Flare
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Gasifier Body 1-Bunker 2- Hopper 3-Reactor 4-Dry Ash Conveyor 5-Rice Husk Elevator 1 2 3 4 5
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Wet / Dry Blower 1- Blower suction adaptor 2- Water injection to wet blower 3- Observation window 4- Blower delivery/outlet 5- Manual gas control valve 6- Separation box gas inlet 7- Separation box 2 3 1
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Hot and Cool Gas Lines 6 – Reactor Outlet box 7 – Venturi Scrubber 8 – Hot Gas Temperature 9 – Drain box 10 – Drain Tub
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Safety Filter and Passive Filters
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Coarse and Fine Filter Lines
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Wastewater Treatment Plant Cooling Tower ALUM Settling Tank Sand Filter Charcoal Filter
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Biomass Gasifiers System Size and Capacity
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CAPACITY of BIOMASS GASIFIERS 1. Using Rice Husk Fuel = FBG Type Gasifier 2. Using Woody Fuel = WBG Type Gasifier 3. Using Rice Husk and Woody Fuel = COMBO Gasifier ANKUR Model Sizes FBG : 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 500, 600, 700, 850 The Largest Size “ANKUR” Type Rice Husk Gasifier is FBG 850
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How to Calculate the Size A Gasifier Running in Dual Fuel Mode. ( 30% Diesel and 70% Syngas) Biomass Capacity Table for ANKUR Gasifiers 1. FBG 100 = 120 kg husk per hour 2. FBG 150 = 180 kg husk per hour 3. FBG 200 = 240 kg husk per hour 4. FBG 300 = 360 kg husk per hour 5. FBG 400 = 480 kg husk per hour 6. FBG 500 = 600 kg husk per hour 7. FBG 600 = 720 kg husk per hour 8. FBG 700 = 840 kg husk per hour 9. FBG 850 = 1,020 kg husk per hour
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