1. ….don’t leave home without it
Punctuation
….don’t leave home without it

2. Courtesy of… Ask me to tell the joke…… A panda goes into
a restaurant and eats a meal.
Before he leaves starts
shooting the place up. .
“What are you doing?” screams a
waitress.
The panda replies, “When I looked
myself up in the dictionary, it said a
panda eats, shoots and leaves.

3. Punctuation is important
A woman without her man is nothing.
A woman, without her man, is nothing.
A woman: without her, man is nothing.

4. Dear Jack,
I want a man who knows what love is. All about you are generous, kind, thoughtful people, who are not like you. Admit to being useless and inferior. You have ruined me. For other men I yearn! For you I have no feelings whatsoever. When we’re apart I can be happy forever. Will you let me be?
Yours,
Dear Jack,
I want a man who knows what love is all about. You are generous, kind, thoughtful. People who are not like you admit to being useless and inferior. You have ruined me for other men. I yearn for you. I have no feelings whatsoever when we’re apart. I can be forever happy-will you let me be yours?

5. The Comma,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1. used for lists
2. joins sentences
3. fills in gaps
4. used before direct speech
5. sets off interjections
6. come in pairs

6. The COMMA ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Use commas 1. In a list
Ex: My mom bought eggs, milk, cereal, and bread at the store.
Put comma before the “and”
(the Oxford comma)

7. The COMMA ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Use commas
2. before dialog “Study
your
EX:
I say,
vocabulary”

8. The COMMA likes to pair up
Use commas
3. to mark out additional information
EX: Mrs. Teacher, our evil language arts teacher, will be grading our timed writes.
Mrs. Teacher will be grading our timed writes.
If you take out the additional information the sentence is still grammatically correct!!! Yippee

9. Comma- makes connections
4. Used when 2 complete sentences are joined together using the conjunctions
,And
,or
,but
,while
,yet

10. Annie had dark hair; Sally, fair.
Comma- fills in gaps p 89
5. fills in gaps ( for the sophisticated writer)
Annie had dark hair; Sally, fair.
Sally had fair hair.
Implied

11. Comma- sets off interjections
6. Sets off interjections EX: Holy Bologna, I received an A on An essay!

12. Comma brilliance Don’t be stupid! Where does it belong?
Sam walked on her head, a little higher than usual.
HUH???

13. Comma brilliance Don’t be stupid! Where does it belong?
The driver managed to escape from the vehicle before it sank and swam to the river bank.
WHAT???

14. The fabulous, versatile apostrophe’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’ Good for many occasions!!!
1. Indicates possession
2. Indicates time or quantity
3. Indicates the omission of letters
4. Indicates the omission of numbers in dates
5. Indicates strange, nonstandard English.
6. Used in certain surnames ( last names)
7. Indicates plurals of words

15. The Apostrophe’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’ 1. Indicates Possession
When you DO NOT need one
( these are called possessive determiners My
Your
his
Her
Our
Its
Their
When you DO NOT need one
( these are called possessive pronouns)
Mine
Yours
His
Hers
Its
ours
Theirs

16. The Apostrophe’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’ 1. Indicates Possession
To indicate a possessive of a plural noun
EX: The student’s calculator
EX: The group’s timed writes,
EX: The women’s movement
EX: The babies’ bottle
EX: The boys’ hats

17. The Apostrophe’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’ 2. Indicates time or quantity
EX: In one week’s time
EX: Two weeks’ notice
EX: Four yards’ worth
WRONG

18. EX: The summer of ‘72. EX: Class of ‘11
The Apostrophe’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’ 3. Indicates omission of number in dates
EX: The summer of ‘72.
EX: Class of ‘11

19. The Apostrophe’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’ 4. Indicates omission of letters
EX: I s’pose, if we hadn’t stopped ‘im she would have hit ‘im.
EX: I suppose, if we had not stopped him she would have hit him.
Use in dialog to reveal dialect
Used by Shakespeare to make iambic pentameter
Used to make contractions of words

20. The Apostrophe’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’ It/ it’s conundrum
The rules is:
It’s stands for “it is” or “it has”
If the sentence does not make sense, add the “is” or “has” then
It is “its”

21. Its got very cold outside Its mine That was its theme.
Let’s practice
Its your turn
Its got very cold outside
Its mine
That was its theme.

22. Fabulous Apostrophe Indicates strange, non-standard English
Used in literature to demonstrate any type of accent
EX:
Their Eyes Were Watching God
Huckleberry Finn

23. Fabulous Apostrophe 6. used in surnames
EX: Scarlett O’Hara
EX: Patrick O’Neil

24. Fabulous Apostrophe 7. Indicates plural of letters
How many i’s are in the word Mississippi?
The student was getting A’s on her timed writes.

25. Fabulous Apostrophe Indicates plurals of words
What are do’s and don’ts ? There are too many but’s and and’s at the beginning of sentences these days. NOTE: Word will underline this in red.

26. Colons::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
1. Almost always preceded by a complete sentence.
EX:
Tom has only one rule in life: Never eat anything bigger than your head.
Tom has only one rule in life.
Never eat anything bigger than your head.
2. Reminds us that there is more to the statement than meets the eye.
EX: You can do it: And you will do it.

27. Colons…………………use them right
3. Used to separate oppositional statements.
EX: Man proposes: God disposes.
SOOOO, colons introduce the part of the sentence that explains, restates, elaborates, undermines, or balances the preceding part.

28. Colons::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
4. The start of lists.
EX: A model student always has a: pen, pencil, eraser, marker, highlighter, calculator, protractor, lip balm, and mini dictionary.
5. Set off book and film sub-titles from the main title.
EX: Berks and Wankers: A pessimist’s view of language preservation
EX: Eats, Shoots and Leaves: The Zero Tolerance Approach to Punctuation.

29. Colon
6. They separate dramatic characters from dialog (in a script or play).
EX: Mrs. Teacher: Are you ready for your timed write?
Students: Nooooooooooooooooooooooooooo!
7. They start off long quotations (40 words or more)

30. The Semicolon;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
1. Only full sentences should be joined by the semicolon.
Linking words like
However
Nevertheless
Also
consequently
Hence
these transition words require a semicolon

31. The semicolon Used as a sort of super comma
( I DO NOT advocate this because you ( sorry) need to learn to walk the grammatically correct way before you can run.
EX: It was a terrible day for the student: he lost his calculator; he forgot his vocabulary words; his girlfriend dumped him; he forgot to sign up for the AP exams.
Indicates a list acts as super comma

32. Fun with punctuation
Tom locked himself in the shed. England lost to Argentina.
Unrelated sentences?
Tom locked himself in the shed; England lost to Argentina.
Events occurred at same time, but are they related???
Tom locked himself in the shed: England lost to Argentina.
Ah, Tom locked himself in the shed because England lost to Argentina.

33. Think you can remember
all that?