1. Introduction to Rhetoric and Chapter 1, RRW
Rhetoric, in a few key terms…

2. Aristotle, Of Rhetoric Definition of Rhetoric The “art of persuasion”
Why art (& not science)?

3. Aristotle - 3 appeals: 1) Logos Logic 2) Pathos Emotional appeal
3) Ethos
Appeal to speaker’s character (integrity, experience, trustworthiness)

4. Aristotle - 5 Parts of a Speech:
1) Exordium
Introduction, literally the “Beginning of a Web”
2) Narratio
Narration, statement of facts
3) Confirmatio
The main body of the argument
4) Refutatio
Refutation; refute relevant arguments
5) Peroratio
Peroration, tying things up in the end…

5. Kenneth Burke, A Rhetoric of Motives
“Identification” =
Consubstantiality (sharing the same substance)
Goal of Rhetorical Criticism =
To understand and analyze authorial motives
How the rhetorical approach differs from “New Criticism”…
Text-centered vs. authorial motive-centered

6. Some salient points from RRW, Chapter 1…
The analytic response (begins on p. 5)
What does analysis entail?
Analysis of the writer’s choice of style or the “work’s larger rhetorical context”
How is the argument structured?
What are rhetorical elements utilized?
How is “attitude” (personality, voice) conveyed? What gives “force” to ideas?
**Assessment: Is this skill important?
**Positioning: Where would we find use for this skill outside of literary contexts? (What does it look like outside of literary endeavors?)

7. Some salient points from RRW, Chapter 1…
The evaluation response (p. 6)
What does evaluation entail? A value judgment….
What is the overall estimation, if you were a critic?
Is it great, good, bland, or poorly executed/argued? Why, in your estimation?
Is it logically argued or not? If not, what are specific logical fallacies? (cf. chap. 5)
Is it adequately developed, and if not, what does it lack?
Does it state (or imply) a purpose, and does it achieve that purpose?

8. Some salient points from RRW, Chapter 1…
The research response (used in a later essay this semester; p. 7)
Here we analyze an essay (subject, work) thoroughly and “place it in its proper historical, literary, and personal contexts,” and use it develop an argument.

9. Some salient points from RRW, Chapter 1…
Note active reading… (p )
**Writing Summaries (pp ), Important….
**Compare the “Revised Summary” and “Sample Longer Summary” (p. 15) to the Summaries 1 & 2 of p. 14….
**Mechanics (error-free) & basic argument 
Argument analysis & style (voice, personality, attitude) & other rhetorical elements…