1. Scientific Method and Measurement Mrs. Lorenz Foundations of Science Biology

2. What is science? 0 Definition: 0 A branch of knowledge or study dealing with a body of facts or truths systematically arranged and showing the operation of general laws. 0 Systematic knowledge of the physical or material world through observation and experimentation. 0 Systemized knowledge in general

3. According To You?

4. What Does “Doing” Science Entail? 0 Is there one specific method for doing science? 0 Do different types of science “do” science differently? 0 What is the common theme throughout all of science? (Hint: It might be a method of some kind…) 0 What is essential for all scientists?

5. What Does “Doing” Science Entail? 0 Is there one specific method for doing science? 0 Do different types of science “do” science differently? 0 What is the common theme throughout all of science? (Hint: It might be a method of some kind…) 0 What is essential for all scientists?

6. What Does “Doing” Science Entail? 0 Is there one specific method for doing science? 0 NO!! 0 What different methods can be used? 0 Do different types of science “do” science differently? 0 What is the common theme throughout all of science? (Hint: It might be a method of some kind…) 0 What is essential for all scientists?

7. What Does “Doing” Science Entail? 0 Is there one specific method for doing science? 0 NO!! 0 What different methods can be used? 0 Observation, experimentation, theories 0 Do different types of science “do” science differently? 0 What is the common theme throughout all of science? (Hint: It might be a method of some kind…) 0 What is essential for all scientists?

8. What Does “Doing” Science Entail? 0 Is there one specific method for doing science? 0 Do different types of science “do” science differently? 0 What is the common theme throughout all of science? (Hint: It might be a method of some kind…) 0 What is essential for all scientists?

9. What Does “Doing” Science Entail? 0 Is there one specific method for doing science? 0 Do different types of science “do” science differently? 0 Yes, and No. 0 What is the difference between observations between chemists, physicists, biologists, and geologists? 0 What is the common theme throughout all of science? (Hint: It might be a method of some kind…) 0 What is essential for all scientists?

10. What Does “Doing” Science Entail? 0 Is there one specific method for doing science? 0 Do different types of science “do” science differently? 0 Yes, and No. 0 What is the difference between observations between chemists, physicists, biologists, and geologists? 0 What they observe, how they measure observations… 0 Others? 0 What is the common theme throughout all of science? (Hint: It might be a method of some kind…) 0 What is essential for all scientists?

11. What Does “Doing” Science Entail? 0 Is there one specific method for doing science? 0 Do different types of science “do” science differently? 0 What is the common theme throughout all of science? (Hint: It might be a method of some kind…) 0 What is essential for all scientists?

12. What Does “Doing” Science Entail? 0 Is there one specific method for doing science? 0 Do different types of science “do” science differently? 0 What is the common theme throughout all of science? (Hint: It might be a method of some kind…) 0 The Scientific Method!!! 0 What is essential for all scientists?

13. What Does “Doing” Science Entail? 0 Is there one specific method for doing science? 0 Do different types of science “do” science differently? 0 What is the common theme throughout all of science? (Hint: It might be a method of some kind…) 0 What is essential for all scientists?

14. What Does “Doing” Science Entail? 0 Is there one specific method for doing science? 0 Do different types of science “do” science differently? 0 What is the common theme throughout all of science? (Hint: It might be a method of some kind…) 0 What is essential for all scientists? 0 Curiosity!!

15. What Scientists Are Really Like… 0 Squirrel!!! Squirrel!!!

16. The Scientific Method

17. Ask A Question 0 Where does a scientific question come from?

18. Ask A Question 0 Where does a scientific question come from? 0 Observation: 0 Reading of the current literature: 0 Previous experiment: 0 Your teacher:

19. You Have A Question. Now What?

20. Background Research 0 What does this entail? 0 Do you just read randomly? 0 What kind of reading do you do (books, articles, Wikipedia)? 0 How much is enough? 0 Do you have to continue reading once you’ve started your experiment?

21. Constructing A Hypothesis 0 How are a hypothesis and a question different?

22. Constructing A Hypothesis 0 How are a hypothesis and a question different? 0 How do you construct a hypothesis?

23. Constructing A Hypothesis 0 How are a hypothesis and a question different? 0 How do you construct a hypothesis? 0 Summarize the research

24. Constructing A Hypothesis 0 How are a hypothesis and a question different? 0 How do you construct a hypothesis? 0 Summarize the research 0 Choose a specific thing to test

25. Constructing A Hypothesis 0 How are a hypothesis and a question different? 0 How do you construct a hypothesis? 0 Summarize the research 0 Choose a specific thing to test 0 Predict the outcome

26. Constructing A Hypothesis 0 How are a hypothesis and a question different? 0 How do you construct a hypothesis? 0 Choose a specific thing to test 0 Identify the variables 0 Predict the outcome 0 How long should a hypothesis be?

27. Constructing A Hypothesis 0 How are a hypothesis and a question different? 0 How do you construct a hypothesis? 0 Choose a specific thing to test 0 Identify the variables 0 Predict the outcome 0 How long should a hypothesis be? 0 Paragraph 0 Page 0 Sentence

28. Constructing A Hypothesis 0 How are a hypothesis and a question different? 0 How do you construct a hypothesis? 0 Choose a specific thing to test 0 Identify the variables 0 Predict the outcome 0 How long should a hypothesis be? 0 Paragraph 0 Page 0 Sentence

29. Good Or Bad? 0 When a plant is watered more, it grows larger and produces more flowers. 0 When a plant is watered three times a week it will grow larger and produce more flowers. 0 Watering a plant makes it grow larger and produces more flowers.

30. Good Or Bad? 0 When a plant is watered more, it grows larger and produces more flowers. 0 OK 0 When a plant is watered three times a week it will grow larger and produce more flowers. 0 Best 0 Watering a plant makes it grow larger and produces more flowers. 0 Worst

31. Why is one hypothesis better than the other?

32. Good Or Bad? 0 When a plant is watered more, it grows larger and produces more flowers. 0 OK  Half is specific and testable 0 When a plant is watered three times a week it will grow larger and produce more flowers. 0 Best  Very specific and testable 0 Watering a plant makes it grow larger and produces more flowers. 0 Worst  testable but not specific enough  very broad

33. Can YOU Make It Better?

34. Creating An Experiment 0 What are important factors to consider when designing an experiment? 0 Hint: your hypothesis can lead the way…

35. Creating An Experiment 0 What are important factors to consider when designing an experiment? 0 Hint: your hypothesis can lead the way… 0 What are you testing? 0 Independent variable 0 Dependent variable 0 Control

36. Creating An Experiment 0 What are important factors to consider when designing an experiment? 0 Hint: your hypothesis can lead the way… 0 What are you testing? 0 Independent variable: The variable you are changing 0 Dependent variable 0 Control

37. Creating An Experiment 0 What are important factors to consider when designing an experiment? 0 Hint: your hypothesis can lead the way… 0 What are you testing? 0 Independent variable: The variable you are changing 0 Dependent variable: The variable being affected 0 Control

38. Creating An Experiment 0 What are important factors to consider when designing an experiment? 0 Hint: your hypothesis can lead the way… 0 What are you testing? 0 Independent variable: The variable you are changing 0 Dependent variable: The variable being affected 0 Control: Receives the same experience but without the changes done with the independent variable 0 Can be positive or negative

39. You’re Ready To Run The Experiment. Now What?

40. What Should You Record? (AKA: What to write down)

41. 0 Process/ Steps followed 0 Observations 0 These would include what? 0 Any Data/Numbers 0 What could this be?

42. You Have Data. Now What?

43. 0 What do you do with observations? 0 How about numbers?

44. You Have Data. Now What? 0 What do you do with observations? 0 Make a table 0 Illustration 0 How about numbers? 0 Make a table 0 Make a graph 0 What type of graphs are there?

45. How Do Graphs Help You?

46. 0 Trends 0 Predictions 0 Relationships 0 Control

47. How Do Graphs Help You? 0 Trends 0 Predictions 0 Relationships 0 Control 0 Help you to make a conclusion about your experiment.

48. Conclusions 0 What should be included in your conclusion?

49. Conclusions 0 What should be included in your conclusion?

50. The “Real” Scientific Method 0 Is a little bit more complex. 0 Let us investigate….