1. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Energy Efficiency Paula Hemmer Yin Pong Chang Division of Air Quality http://www.ncair.org June 15, 2012 1

2. Purpose of Presentation Greenhouse Gas Basics Co-benefits of energy efficiency reducing GHG saving money Opportunity for low cost energy assessment GHG Reporting 2

3. What are Greenhouse Gases (GHGs)? Gas in the atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation in the thermal infrared range Linked to: Greenhouse Effect Climate Change Source: US EPA 3

4. “CO 2 Equivalent” CO 2 e = ∑ emissions i × GWP i GasFormula Global Warming Potential (100 years) Carbon dioxideCO 2 1 MethaneCH 4 21 Nitrous OxideN2ON2O310 Fluorinated gasesHFC, PFC, SF6140 - 23,900 4

5.  Vertical red bar at the end is the increase in atmospheric CO 2 levels over the past two centuries  Shows CO 2 levels have increased 100 ppm from pre-industrial levels  CO 2 level of 450 ppm is targeted as the critical threshold beyond which catastrophic and irreversible change might occur. Source US EPA Current concentration = 393 ppm (NOAA) 5

6. Primary Source of GHG is the Burning of Fossil Fuels Source Sector 2010 US Emissions in CO 2 e (million metric tons) Percentage of US CO 2 e Emissions 2005 NC Emissions in CO 2 e (million metric tons) Total Emissions5,718.8-- Fossil Fuel Combustion5,406.894.5%146.21 Power Plants2,258.440%69.29 Industrial1,736.530%14.99 Transportation792.114%50.11 Commercial349.66%4.53 Residential228.64%7.29 6

7. North Carolina GHG Emissions By Sector Electricity Prod. Comm./Ind. Fuel Use Transport. Ind. Processes AgricultureWaste Mgm’t Gross Statewide Emissions Million Metric Tons CO 2 e 3% of Total US Emissions Ranked 12 th highest in US 7

8. Energy Assessment Co-Benefits Energy Assessment Gain Process Information Reduce Energy Use Reduce Emissions Less Regulation? More Sustainable Save Money More Capital Increased Profits Save Money 8

9. DAQ Grant for Energy Assessments  EPA/DAQ grant to provide cost-free or reduced-cost assessments  Goal is to educate facilities on interdependency between energy consumption greenhouse gas emissions energy costs  Program is open to industrial, commercial and institutional facilities  Applications need to be submitted by July 2013  More information and application: http://www.ncair.org/monitor/eminv/gcc/ghg_grant.shtml mechanical and aerospace ENGINEERING 9

10. Who is Getting the Energy Assessments? No. of applications = 35 No. of assessments completed = 19 No. of assessments “in the works” = 16 No. Available = Approximately 60 Types of facilities: Furniture Electronics Lumber Tobacco Chemical Hospital Food Paper Textiles Plastic Foam/Pipe 10

11. * The payback time for implementation of each energy conservation measures varies from 2 to 62 months, with an average time of 22 months. Some measures have immediate payback. 11 Potential Reductions Identified through Grant Facility Annual Energy Savings Annual Cost Savings ($/yr) Annual GHG Emissions Reductions (CO2e lbs/yr) Electricity kWh Nat. Gas MMBtu Propane MMBtu Wood MMBtu #6 Oil MMBtu Lumber (3)361,000---1001,000--- $ 25,000338,000 Furniture (3)477,000700--- 9,000--- $ 53,000657,000 Switch-board943,000--- $ 77,0001,060,000 Chemical2,290,00021,200600--- 1000 $ 262,0005,333,000 Packaging1,682,0003,100--- $ 254,0002,588,000 Paper Mill41,000--- $ 263,00046,000 Urethane Foam1,380,0009,500--- $ 257,0002,668,000 Food91,000600--- $ 9,000172,000 Total7,265,00035,10070010,0001,000 $ 1,200,00012,862,000

12. 1.EPA Mandatory Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Rule (MRR) Facility with ≥ 25,000 metric tons CO 2 e must report Electronic Greenhouse Gas Reporting Tool (e-GGRT) http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/ghgrulemaking.html 2.NC DAQ Voluntary Reporting Program Any permitted facility can submit emissions DAQ can provide technical assistance, spreadsheets Air Emissions Reporting On-line System (AERO) http://daq.state.nc.us/monitor/eminv/forms/GHG_Emission_Inventory_Inst ructions_Nov2009_Voluntary.pdf GHG Reporting Programs 12

13. EPA GHG MRR Data http://ghgdata.epa.gov/ghgp/main.do 13

14. Growing Importance of Energy Efficiency 14 Nissan Plant in TN Energy Tracking System (started with lighting) http://www1.eere.energy.gov/manufacturing/resources/

15. Questions? Check our website for workshops and webinars http://www.ncair.org/monitor/eminv/gcc/ghg_grant.shtml Division of Air Quality Yin-Pong George Chang, P. E.919-707-8706 Paula Hemmer919-707-8708 Tammy Manning (Inventory)919-707-8717 15