1. Attracting Wildlife Food Fruit Bearing Nectar Plants Larval Plants Cover Water Puddling Station Birdbaths Managing For Wildlife Weeds Nuisance Animals More Information Author: Rebecca McNair

2. All Animals Need: Food Cover Water Space  Animals will only reside or forage in an area that contains enough of these four essential elements to maintain daily activities. Habitat

3. Food Fruit Seeds Insects Nectar Larval Meat  Remember to provide food year-round, especially in winter. Attract a variety of birds, reptiles, bats, butterflies and other insects

4. Fruit Bearing Plants for North Florida Beautyberry Calicarpa americana Tupelo Nyssa ogeche Wild grape Vitis sp.

5. Mulberry Morus rubra Large native tree ~ 40 ft Full sun Throughout Florida Edible fruit in spring Brittle bark, messy (USDA Zone 5-9)

6. Chickasaw Plum Prunus angustifolia Native tree ~10 ft Full to partial sun Blooms early spring Edible fruit Suckers tend to form thickets (USDA Zone 8-10)

7. Holly Ilex spp. Native shrubs and trees Sun to partial shade Range varies Fruit remains through winter, attracting birds Salt, drought and shade tolerant Suckers Gallberry Ilex glabra Dahoon Holly Ilex cassine (USDA Zone 6-9)

8. Virginia Willow Itea virginica (USDA Zone 6-10A) Native shrub ~ 7 ft Full to partial sun Blooms spring Drought and flood tolerant Suckers tend to form thickets

9. Photo by Joe Schaefer Sea Grape Coccoloba uvifera McCabe Bluestem Palm Sabal minor Fruit Bearing Plants for South Florida Southern Red Cedar Juniperus silicicola Bryan

10. Elderberry Sambucus canadensis (USDA Zone 3-7) Native shrub ~15 ft Full to partial sun Throughout Florida Fragrant flowers year-round Edible fruit

11. Florida Privet Forestiera segregata (USDA Zone 9-11) Native shrub ~10 ft Full to partial sun Throughout Florida Fast grower Drought and salt tolerant Dense cover and fruits attract birds

12. Wild Coffee Psychotria nervosa (USDA Zone 11) Native shrub ~8 ft Partial to full shade tolerant Blooms spring- summer Attracts butterflies and birds

13. Nectar Plants for North Florida Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis Cardinal flower Lobelia cardinalis Coneflower Echinacea purpurea

14. Golden Dew Drop Duranta repens ( USDA Zone 8-11)  Shrub ~ 14 feet  Full to partial sun  Blooms year- round  Throughout Florida  High drought tolerance  Attracts butterflies

15. Porterweed Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (USDA Zone 8-11) Native and non-native perennial ~ 4 ft Full to partial sun Blooms year-round Medium salt and drought tolerance Red variety is non-native

16. Coral Honeysuckle Lonicera sempervirens (USDA Zone 6-9A) Native vine Full to partial sun Blooms spring- fall Throughout Florida Attract butterflies and hummingbirds

17. Nectar Plants for South Florida Mexican Flame Vine Senecio confusis Firebush Hamelia patens Yellow Shrimp Plant Pachystachys lutea Red Shrimp Justicia spicigera

18. Necklace Pod Sophora tomentosa (USDA Zone 10B-11)  Native shrub ~ 8 ft  Full sun  Blooms year-round  High salt and drought tolerance  Attracts humming-birds and butterflies  Poisonous to humans

19. Jatropha Jatropha integerrima (USDA Zone 10B-11)  Shrub ~ 8 feet  Full sun  Blooms year- round  Drought tolerance  Fruit is poisonous to humans

20. Larval Plants for North Florida Matchweed, Phyla nodiflora is the larval host of the Buckeye. Willow, Salix caroliniana is a larval host of the Viceroy.

21. Red Bay Persia borbonia (USDA Zone 7-10B) Native tree ~ 40 ft Full to partial sun Throughout Florida Drought and salt tolerant Blooms in spring attract butterflies Purple fruit attract birds Joe Schaefer Bays are larval food for the spicebush swallowtail.

22. Milkweed Asclepias spp. (USDA Zone 8-10A)  Shrub ~ 4 ft  Natives available  Full to partial sun  Blooms year-round  Throughout Florida  Drought tolerant  Nectar attracts hummingbirds and butterflies Larval host of Monarch and Queen

23. Passion flower Passiflora spp. (USDA Zone 6-11) Vine Native varieties available Full to partial sun Blooms year- round Throughout Florida Larval host of Gulf Fritillary

24. Native shrub ~ 3 ft Full-partial sun Salt and drought tolerant Throughout Florida Insignificant bloom Coontie Zamia pumila (USDA Zone 9-11) Larval host of Atala butterfly, found only in southeast Florida.

25. Larval Plants for South Florida Wild Tamarind Lysiloma latisiliquum larval host of Cloudless Sulphurs Green Shrimp Blechum brownei Larval host of the Malachites

26. Native tree ~25 ft Full to partial sun Blooms year-round Salt and drought tolerant Wild Lime Zanthozylum fagara (USDA Zone 11) Larval host of Giant Swallowtail

27. Vine Full to partial sun Blooms summer-fall Medium drought tolerance Dutchman’s Pipe Aristolochia spp. (USDA Zone 8-11) Larval host of Pipevine swallowtail

28. Senna (syn. Cassia) Senna spp. (USDA Zone 10-11) Native and non-native shrubs ~ 6-10 ft Full to partial sun Blooms fall- spring Fast growing, short-lived (non-native) Desert Cassia Senna polyphylla Larval host of Sulphurs Chapman’s Senna Senna mexicana var. chapmanii

29. Cover Vertical layers Evergreen species for winter cover Standing dead trees, or “snags” Brush pile

30. Water Permanent water feature Sound of running water attracts many animals Puddling- Butterflies obtain water and minerals from liquid in pore spaces. Puddling station Sandra Granson

31. Design a Puddling Station 1.Layer sand in saucer 2.Add layer of compost 3.Place pebbles on top 4.Add water slowly (to pebble layer) 5.Place saucer on upside down pot

32. Birdbath Shallow with mildly sloping sides Rough surface Keep clean Rinse off any soap residue Audubon Society recommends changing the water and cleaning bird baths weekly to avoid spreading avian diseases.

33. Managing for Wildlife Vertical layers of vegetation Plant natives No pesticides! Stop mowing- Weeds add wildlife value to your yard! Long-tailed skipper feeding on Spanish needle. Bidens alba

34. Wild Wonderful Weeds Pokeweed Phytolacca americana Horsemint Monarda punctata Blanket flower Gaillardia pulchella Coreopsis Coreopsis spp.

35. Tolerance of Nuisance Animals Diggers (moles, gophers, squirrels, armadillos, tortoises)  Bring nutrient to surface  Loosen & aerate soil  Feed on turf and landscape pests  Trapping and deterrents Herbivores (deer, rabbits, ducks)  Contribute to food web, circle of life  Nets and fencing may protect fruits  Harassment or nest removal for non-natives Pocket GopherMarsh rabbit Armadillo

36. More Wild Information Florida Cooperative Extension Service - Wildlife Program www.wec.ufl.edu/extension Print on demand Links and information Educational programs Florida Wildlife Habitat Program Local Audubon Society

37. Further Reading Http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu WEC-20 Dealing with Unwanted Wildlife in an Urban Environment SS-WEC-70 Threats to Florida's Biodiversity WEC-72 Saving Endangered Species: How You Can Help WEC-44 Water for Wildlife SS-WIS-09 Native Plants that Attract Wildlife: Central Florida SS-WIS-22 Butterfly Gardening in Florida SS-WIS-21 Hummingbirds of Florida

38. Thanks for your attention! The following presentation was made possible through a grant from FL DEP and EPA. Special thanks to the following reviewers for their valued contributions: FL114 ELM Design Team and the FYN Subcommittee Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, UF Agriculture Education and Communication Department Environmental Horticulture Department Entomology and Nematology Department Soil and Water Sciences Department Florida Cooperative Extension Service in: Alachua, Broward, Clay, Hillsborough, Lake, Miami-Dade, Orange, Pinellas Sarasota, and Volusia Counties Florida Organics Recycling Center for Excellence The Center For Wetlands, UF United States Department of Agriculture Division of Plant Industry