1. Herbicide Control Treatments for Invasive Trees and Shrubs Max Williamson

2. Nonnative Plants Crop, Naturalized Invasive Ornamental, Noxious Ornamental, Noxious Wildlife Food Pest Plant Wildlife Food Pest Plant Soil Stabilizer Promote Control

3. Treatment Options Foliar Basal Cut Surface Dormant Stem Soil Applied

4. Invasive Trees Tallowtree, Popcorntree Tallowtree, Popcorntree Triadica sebifera Triadica sebifera (Sapium sebiferum) (Sapium sebiferum)

5. TALLOWTREE or POPCORNTREE is deciduous, growing to about 50 feet and has heart shaped leaves. Recommended Control Procedures: Large Trees Stem injections Arsenal AC *, Garlon 3A, or Pathfinder II anytime except March and April Cut stumps -apply the herbicides immediately after cutting (Ortho Brush-B-Gone and Enforcer Brush Killer) Extensive infestations apply Velpar L. Saplings Apply Garlon 4 as 20% basal spray Seedlings and Saplings Foliar spray Arsenal AC * at 1 percent, Krenite S 30 percent, or Garlon 4 at 2 percent * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

6. Silktree, Mimosa Silktree, Mimosa Albizia julibrissin Albizia julibrissin Invasive Trees Tallowtree, Popcorntree Tallowtree, Popcorntree Triadica sebifera Triadica sebifera (Sapium sebiferum) (Sapium sebiferum)

7. SILKTREE, MIMOSA is a deciduous legume, growing 10 to 50 feet with feathery leaves Recommended Control Procedures: Large Trees Stem injections- Arsenal AC * or Garlon 3A, anytime except March and April Cut Stumps-apply the herbicides immediately after cutting Saplings Apply Garlon 4 as 20% basal spray Resprouts and Seedlings July to October-Garlon 3A, Garlon 4, or Glyphosate as 2 % foliar spray July to September-Transline as 0.2 to 0.4 % foliar spray * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

8. Princesstree, Princesstree, Royal Paulownia Royal Paulownia Paulownia tomentosa Paulownia tomentosa Silktree, Mimosa Silktree, Mimosa Albizia julibrissin Albizia julibrissin Invasive Trees Tallowtree, Popcorntree Tallowtree, Popcorntree Triadica sebifera Triadica sebifera (Sapium sebiferum) (Sapium sebiferum)

9. PRINCESS TREE, ROYAL PAULOWNIA is deciduous, growing to 60 feet with large-heart shaped leaves and pecan-like seed clusters Recommended Control Procedures: Large Trees Stem injections- Arsenal AC * or Glyphosate, anytime except March and April Cut Stumps-apply the herbicides immediately after cutting Saplings Apply Garlon 4 as 20% basal spray Resprouts and Seedlings July to October-Arsenal AC * 1 percent; Glyphosate, Garlon 3A, or Garlon 4 as 2 % foliar spray * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

10. Tree-of-heaven or Tree-of-heaven or Ailanthus Ailanthus Ailanthus altissima Ailanthus altissima Princesstree, Princesstree, Royal Paulownia Royal Paulownia Paulownia tomentosa Paulownia tomentosa Silktree, Mimosa Silktree, Mimosa Albizia julibrissin Albizia julibrissin Invasive Trees Tallowtree, Popcorntree Tallowtree, Popcorntree Triadica sebifera Triadica sebifera (Sapium sebiferum) (Sapium sebiferum)

11. TREE-OF-HEAVEN, AILANTHUS is deciduous, growing to about 80 feet and has long pinnately compound leaves. Recommended Control Procedures: Large Trees Stem injections Garlon 3A, Pathway *, Pathfinder II, or Arsenal AC* (midsummer best, late winter somewhat less effective) Cut stumps Apply the herbicides immediately after cutting Saplings Apply Garlon 4 as 20% basal application Seedlings and Saplings Foliar spray Arsenal AC* 1 percent, Krenite S 30 percent, Garlon 4 at 2 percent * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

12. Chinaberrytree Chinaberrytree Melia azedarach Melia azedarach Invasive Trees Tree-of-heaven or Tree-of-heaven or Ailanthus Ailanthus Ailanthus altissima Ailanthus altissima Princesstree, Princesstree, Royal Paulownia Royal Paulownia Paulownia tomentosa Paulownia tomentosa Silktree, Mimosa Silktree, Mimosa Albizia julibrissin Albizia julibrissin Invasive Trees Tallowtree, Popcorntree Tallowtree, Popcorntree Triadica sebifera Triadica sebifera (Sapium sebiferum) (Sapium sebiferum)

13. CHINABERRYTREE is deciduous, growing to 50 feet with lacy, many-divided dark green leaves Recommended Control Procedures: Large Trees Stem injections- Arsenal AC *, Pathway*, Pathfinder II, or Garlon 3A anytime except March and April Cut Stumps-apply the herbicides immediately after cutting Saplings Apply Garlon 4 as 20% basal spray Resprouts and Seedlings Foliar spray Garlon 3A, or Garlon 4 as 2 % foliar spray; Arsenal AC* at 1 percent. (July to October) * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

14. Invasive trees Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia)

15. RUSSIAN OLIVE a small thorny tree to 35 feet microscopic silvery scales covered leaves Recommended Control Procedures: Large Trees Stem injections- Arsenal AC * or Garlon 3A, anytime except March and April Cut Stumps-apply the herbicides immediately after cutting Saplings Apply Garlon 4 as 20% basal spray Resprouts and Seedlings Foliar spray Arsenal AC* at 1 percent; Glyphosate, Garlon 3A, or Garlon 4 at 2 percent. (July to October) * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

17. Invasive Shrubs Chinese & European Privet Chinese & European Privet Ligustrum sinense & L. vulgare Ligustrum sinense & L. vulgare

18. CHINESE PRIVET, EUROPEAN PRIVET is semi-evergreen, bushy shrub to 30 feet Recommended Control Procedures Foliar spray wetting all leaves with Glyphosate at 3- percent or Arsenal AC* at 1-percent. (April to December) Stems too tall for foliar spray Apply Garlon 4 as basal spray Cut stems and stumps treat with Arsenal AC * or Velpar L * at 10 percent. For safety to surrounding vegetation treat cut- surfaces with Garlon 3A or Glyphosate at 20-percent * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

19. Amur Winter Morrow Invasive Shrubs Chinese & European Privet Chinese & European Privet Ligustrum sinense & L. vulgare Ligustrum sinense & L. vulgare Tartarian Bush Honeysuckles Bush Honeysuckles Amur (Lonicera maakii) Amur (Lonicera maakii) Morrow (L. morrowii) Morrow (L. morrowii) Tartarian (L. tartarica) Tartarian (L. tartarica) Winter (L. frangrantissima) Winter (L. frangrantissima) Amur

20. BUSH HONEYSUCKLE is deciduous, branched, multiple stemmed, with dark-green oval –to-oblong leaves Recommended Control Procedures Foliar spray wetting all leaves with Glyphosate at 2-percent (April to November) Stems too tall for foliar spray Apply Garlon 4 as basal spray Cut stems and stumps treat with Arsenal AC * at 10 percent, or Glyphosate at 20 percent. * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

21. Invasive Roses Invasive Roses Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) Macartney rose (R. bracteata) Macartney rose (R. bracteata) Cherokee rose (R. laevigata) Cherokee rose (R. laevigata) Bush Honeysuckles Bush Honeysuckles Lonicera spp. Lonicera spp. Invasive Shrubs Chinese & European Privet Chinese & European Privet Ligustrum sinense & L. vulgare Ligustrum sinense & L. vulgare

22. NONNATIVE ROSES are deciduous except for Cherokee Recommended Control Procedures Foliar spray wetting all leaves with- Escort at 0.2 dry ounces per 3-gallon (April to June) Arsenal AC* at 1-percent or Escort at the above rate (August to October) Glyphosate, repeated applications, at 2 percent (May to October) Stems too tall for foliar spray Apply Garlon 4 as basal spray (Jan to Feb or May to Oct) Cut stems and stumps treat with Arsenal AC * at 10 percent, Glyphosate at 20-percent * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

23. Autumn Olive Autumn Olive Elaeagnus umbellata Elaeagnus umbellata Invasive Roses Invasive Roses Rosa spp. Rosa spp. Bush Honeysuckles Bush Honeysuckles Lonicera spp. Lonicera spp. Invasive Shrubs Chinese & European Privet Chinese & European Privet Ligustrum sinense & L. vulgare Ligustrum sinense & L. vulgare

24. AUTUMN OLIVE is a tardily deciduous brushy shrub, 3 to 16 feet 12 feet Recommended Control Procedures Foliar spray wetting all leaves with Arsenal AC* or Vanquish * at 1-percent. (April to October) Stems too tall for foliar spray Apply Garlon 4 as basal spray ( Jan to Feb or May to Oct) Cut stems and stumps treat with Arsenal AC * at 10 percent or Glyphosate at 20 percent * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

25. Silverthorn or Thorny Olive Silverthorn or Thorny Olive Elaeagnus pungens Elaeagnus pungens Autumn Olive Autumn Olive Elaeagnus umbellata Elaeagnus umbellata Invasive Roses Invasive Roses Rosa spp. Rosa spp. Bush Honeysuckles Bush Honeysuckles Lonicera spp. Lonicera spp. Invasive Shrubs Chinese & European Privet Chinese & European Privet Ligustrum sinense & L. vulgare Ligustrum sinense & L. vulgare

26. SILVERTHORN, THORNY OLIVE is an evergreen, densely brushy shrub 3 to 25 feet Recommended Control Procedures Foliar spray wetting all leaves with Arsenal AC* or Vanquish * at 1-percent. (April to October) Stems too tall for foliar spray Apply Garlon 4 as basal spray (Jan to Feb or May to Oct) Cut stems and stumps treat with Arsenal AC * at 10 percent or Glyphosate at 20 percent * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

27. Japanese Privet Japanese Privet Ligustrum japonicum Ligustrum japonicum Silverthorn or Thorny Olive Silverthorn or Thorny Olive Elaeagnus pungens Elaeagnus pungens Autumn Olive Autumn Olive Elaeagnus umbellata Elaeagnus umbellata Invasive Roses Invasive Roses Rosa spp. Rosa spp. Bush Honeysuckles Bush Honeysuckles Lonicera spp. Lonicera spp. Invasive Shrubs Chinese & European Privet Chinese & European Privet Ligustrum sinense & L. vulgare Ligustrum sinense & L. vulgare

28. JAPANESE PRIVET is an evergreen to 35 feet, with an upward spreading canopy Recommended Control Procedures Foliar spray wetting all leaves with Arsenal AC* at 1 percent or Garlon 4 at 3 percent (August— September). Glyphosate at 3 percent (March to June) Stems too tall for foliar spray Apply Garlon 4 as basal spray (Jan to Feb or May to October) Cut stems and stumps treat with Arsenal AC * or Velpar L * at 10 percent For safety to surrounding vegetation treat cut- surfaces with Garlon 3A or Glyphosate at 20-percent * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

29. Invasive shrubs Winged Burning Bush Euonymus alata

30. WINGED BURNING BUSH is a deciduous, multiple wing-stemmed, brushy shrub to 12 feet Recommended Control Procedures Foliar spray wetting all leaves with Arsenal AC* or Vanquish * at 1-percent. (April to October) Stems too tall for foliar spray Apply Garlon 4 as basal spray (Jan to Feb or May to Oct) Cut stems and stumps treat with Arsenal AC * at 10 percent or Glyphosate at 20 percent * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

31. Invasive shrubs Sacred Bamboo, NANDINA Nandina domestica

32. SACRED BAMBOO or NANDINA is an evergreen multi-stemmed erect shrub reaching 8 feet Recommended Control Procedures Foliar spray wetting all leaves with Glyphosate at 1-percent (August to October) Stems too tall for foliar spray Apply Garlon 4 as basal spray Cut stems and stumps treat with Arsenal AC * at 10 percent, or Glyphosate at 20 percent. * Nontarget plants may be killed or injured by root uptake

33. Prevention Prevention Detection and Monitoring Detection and Monitoring Control and Containment Control and Containment Restoration Restoration Research Research Education and Extension Education and Extension Invasive Plant Management Programs

34. Integrated Vegetation Management Methods for Invasive Plants Prescribed Burning Mechanical Manual and Motor-Manual Biological Control Herbicides

35. Control a little now or Control a bunch later

36. The End!!