1. Northern Ecohydrology Jessica M. Cable and W. Robert Bolton International Arctic Research Center (Fairbanks) Environment and Natural Resources Institute (Anchorage) University of Alaska

2. permafrost Miriam Jones J. Cable L. HinzmanL Hinzman

3. freshwater systems in Alaska Map by Robert Simmon D. White

4. freshwater systems in Alaska ecology climate permafrost hydrology

5. boreal hydrology How does permafrost distribution and active layer dynamics impact streamflow and soil moisture? Discontinuous warm permafrost region with boreal forest Storage dominated watersheds, on the margins Caribou Poker Creek Research Watershed near Fairbanks, Alaska

6. boreal hydrology streamflow Permafrost dominated watersheds - higher specific discharge, lower specific base flow, and longer recessions than low permafrost watersheds

7. boreal hydrology soil moisture Permafrost free systems – lower soil moisture than systems with permafrost Permafrost free area Area with permafrost 5cm, organic soil 40cm, mineral soil

8. ecology ecosystem water use transpiration (vascular plants) physiologically controlled evaporation (moss, soil) physically controlled evapotranspiration = evaporation + transpiration ET affects soil moisture E → surface moisture (0-15cm) T → surface & deep moisture (> 5cm) How are plants tied into soil moisture? Where in the soil do plants take water?

9. water uptake profiles Sedge, blueberry Sedge, blueberry shrub

10. EcoHydrology Permafrost free area Surface and subsurface soil moisture are disconnected

11. EcoHydrology How do vegetation water use and permafrost dynamics impact stream flow in the boreal forest discontinuous permafrost zone? Holistic approach by integrating ecological and hydrological processes, including storage, soil moisture, active layer dynamics, and transpiration “water limited”, less residual soil water Not “water limited”, more residual soil water for other processes

12. EcoHydrology Soil drainage poor well Permafrost yes no Transpiration low high coniferousdeciduous Coniferous CDE Deciduous DDE Likely varies over the growing season Changes in permafrost AND vegetation

13. senesce, T decreases DDE - Plants leaf out, T increases CDE - Active layer deepens Spring snow melt period Growing season Autumn

14. Integration Field work Data analysis Model integration Bayesian Plant water useHydrological variables Pathway and timing of water movement T i ~ N (  i,  ) Storage-based model

15. Acknowledgements Alaska EPSCoR NSF OPP International Arctic Research Center Larry Hinzman Kiona Ogle Bill Cable Miriam Jones Arctic Regions Supercomputing Center