1. Scaleable Lethality Weapons Requirements for Military & Naval Forces
A capability for scaleable lethality is a long standing desire for military and naval forces.
The vast array of threat targets presented in the modern battle field are a daunting task that demands both tactical and a logistical solutions.
Scaleable Lethality is a significant Force Multiplier
Slid e 1
Millennium Gun

2. OVERVIEW The Situation The Requirement Terms of Reference Technology
- Guns
- Ammo
Target Vulnerability
Tactical Application
This presentation will address the tactical and technical issues shown in this overview chart.
It is useful to spend some time setting the scene and defining the requirement.

3. The Situation The Fluid Battle Environment
Organized Military Opposition
Unconventional & Asymmetric Warfare
Civil Unrest
Non Combatant Screens
Dynamic Rules of Engagement
Currently Limited Response Options
Water Cannons
Sponge Balls & “Rubber” Bullets
Flash Bang
Loudspeakers
Military Forces are now operating in fluid battle environments. These encompass a range of actions from organized military opposition to unconventional warfare all within the same geographic and time boundaries. Commanders are now facing threats ranging from Toyota “technicals” to T-72 Tanks, and from rubber boats to high speed attack craft ...all are overlaid by dynamic rules of engagement and with limited response options.
There have been numerous incidences over the past few years that demonstrate a requirement for military forces to have weapons of scaleable lethality that offer a ”REOSTAT” of settings from lethal to less than lethal for missions ranging from destruction to dissuasion. From combat to self-protection and law enforcement. Bosnia, Kosovo, Somalia, Afghanistan and Iraq offer a few examples
In all the aforementioned events, the non-lethal weapons that are currently being developed i.e. flash-bang,, glue guns, lasers, water cannons, sponge balls, slippery stuff, incapacitating gases etc. have proven to be difficult to manage, deploy and use with reliability and repeatable effectiveness

4. The Requirement A Multi Purpose Weapon with Scaleable Lethality
Scalability from Lethal to Less Than Lethal and Back
Scaleable for max efficiency against various targets
Readily Deployed
Minimum Logistical Tail
Can accept various ammo types: ABM,HE,APDS
The requirement as shown here is fairly intuitive i.e. a multi-purpose weapon with scaleable lethality
Among the desirable options would be to fire a less than-lethal “warning” round that can be instantaneously escalated to a near-lethal/lethal shot. This option offers the commander the opportunity to protect his forces while at the same time diminishing the likelihood of collateral damage to non-combatants.
Another desirable option would be to tailor the round to the target. This option offers the commander the opportunity to use the available ammo with greater efficiency and reduce the logistical burden.
Finally, the weapon should not be a single purpose, special purpose weapon but rather one that can accept special ammo for special needs.

5. NATO Policy Less Than Lethal Weapons (LTLW)
Incapacitate or repel personnel, with a low probability of fatality
Expand the range of options available to NATO Military Authorities.
LTLW shall not be required to have zero probability of causing fatalities or permanent injuries.
We should be clear about some terms of reference.
The following extracts from a NATO policy with regard to less than lethal weapons (LTLW) provide us with certain applicable definitions.

6. Design Elements of a Scaleable Kinetic Energy Weapon
Predictable delivery of subprojectiles requires:
High Rate of Fire - Shoot-look-shoot
Selectable Rof F - tailor burst size to target
MV Correction - Minimize error in range
Accurate Fuzing - Precision delivery at the target
Uniformity of the payload - Subprojectiles same size
Uniformity of payload distribution - area coverage
(Read from chart)

7. 35mm Technology Suite TARGET Payload: Subprojectiles
I will present the technology features of The Oerlikon Contraves 35 MM Revolver Cannon and Ahead ammunition that offers new options for multipurpose scaleable weapons.
1. The Oerlikon Contraves 35 MM Revolver Cannon has a SELECTABLE rate of fire single shot, 200 spm or1000 spm that can deliver a burst of fire of up to 18 rounds in less than one second.
2. Extremely accurate fuze technologies combined with muzzle velocity measurement and correction calculations that permit tailoring of payloads from sparsely to densely delivered.
3. Airbursting ammunition with sub projectile payloads that can be delivered to the target with energy levels tailored to the vulnerability of the target using the exact same rounds and cannon.
4. Engagement ranges of from 70 meters to 4.8 kilometers.
A combination of all these features offers a lethality mechanism to defeat any threat by delivering a calibrated “wall of steel” between own and hostile forces..
Payload: Subprojectiles

8. Four Chamber Revolver Cannon
The gun characteristic of high rate of fire is necessary to minimize the time of each engagement and increase the amount of time available for the total engagement.
The common direct fire cannon design are the single barrel chain guns that have rates of fire from shots/minute
The alternative, of proven design and operational history is the 4 chamber revolver cannon that achieves a rate of fire 1000 shots/minute without any weight or complexity penalty.
The rate of fire is managed by the software in the gun control module. The selectable rates of fire are single shot, 200 SPM and 1000 SPM.
Because the rate of fire is software controlled, tactical experience may determine that 100 spm and 2000 spms or other combinations are preferred. These changes can be accommodated with simple software changes.

9. 35mm revolver cannon

10. 35mm Air Burst Munition Kinetic Energy Time Fuze (ABM-KETF) – Layout:
The Ahead projectile shown here utilizes the residual kinetic energy of a high muzzle velocity round instead of a bursting high explosive (HE) charge. Eliminating the HE increases the space available for the subprojectile payload with the added benefit of ammo safety.
This design uses an electronic time fuze that activates a small ejection charge (< 1 gram). The charge provides over pressure in the interior of the outer shell causing it to peel away from the subprojectiles.
The subprojectiles, now unrestrained, utilize the longitudinal, radial and rotational vector s from the projectile to distribute themselves in accordance with the law of conservation of momentum.
The pre-formed subprojectile payload is delivered uniformly within the solid angle created by the payload ejection.
Note: The payload (500g) is composed of cylindrical W-Subprojectiles (here 3.3 g).
For engagements other than AA (e.g. G-to-G) the mass of the subprojectiles can be reduced accordingly (e.g. 1 to 1.5 g)

11. 35 mm ABM (Ahead) Subprojectile Dynamic Parameters
This chart is a graphic portrayal of the conical volume described by the sub-projectiles after ejection.
Depicted are the velocity and density of the subprojectiles (here 3.3 g each), as well as the striking area vs. range within the cone. For other payloads, a similar pattern can be described.
Subprojectile Density Valid for 3.3 g Subprojectiles

12. Single Round Subprojectile Pattern
If the delivery (ejection) is timed to occur prior to the point at which the projectile would have intercepted the target, then as seen here, a theoretical 100% of the sub projectiles intercept the target. Also note the even distribution of subprojectiles confirming one of our design objectives.

13. 35 mm Air Burst Munition Various Payload Arrangements, e.g:
Air Defense Version (Ahead)
IFV Version
35 mm Caliber
Since the Ahead ammunition is basically a cargo design, the payload can be defined at will. Here an example ot the original Ahead ammunition with 152 Tungsten sub-projectiles at 3.3 g optimized against the missile threat, and a version for Infantry Fighting Vehicles with 341 sub-projectiles at 1.5g each.
Subprojectile, SP-diameter: 5.85 mm
8 19 SP (152) of 3.3 g each
SP-diameter: 4.65 mm
11 31 SP (341) of 1.5 g each
F BB

14. On-line Compensation of Muzzle Velocity Variation
Fixed Time Programming
On-Line∆Vo - Compensation
This slide demonstrates the practical effect of on-line compensation of round by round muzzle velocity error correction.
Firing Range approx. 1600m
400% Improvement
20m 5m

15. Muzzle Velocity Correction

16. Mission Roles-Targets
Mission Roles
 Dissuasion (Less-Than-Lethal)
Destruction (Lethal Mission Kill/Hard Kill)
Targets (Anti Material/Anti Personnel)  
  Armored Vehicles Combatant Vessels
Other Military Vehicles Patrol Craft & Support Vessels
MOUTS Inflatables To Speed Boats
Troops in bunkers Drones To Missiles
Troops in open Helicopters & Aircraft
Civilian Shields
This chart is a reminder that the missions for a direct fire gun, run the gamut from dissuasion to destruction (hard kill) and the spectrum of targets and the consideration of their vulnerabilities range from dismounted troops to unarmored vehicles, from Inflatables to speedboats and helicopters, aircraft, drones and missiles.

17. Scaleable ABM Lethality Level
100%
Lethal
Less-Than-Lethal
Lethality Level
This graph depicts the relationship between lethality level & the energy received at the target. The vertical axis can also be described as a measure of target vulnerability.
The following slides demonstrate the multi mission capabilities of the 35 mm revolver cannon and Ahead ammo against a variety of targets. 0%
Fragment Penetration & Hit Density
I n c a p a c i t a t i o n
D i s s u a s i o n
F CC

18. Lethality Ahead Un-Fuzed Mode 55mm Armor Plate
In this example the entire 500 g payload strikes the target as a unitary mass. Shown are the entry and exit view of the plate.

19. Mission Kill Demonstration with the 35mm Ahead against MBT (Swiss P-68 Upgraded)
Details
This trial was carried out by the Swiss Army Procurement Agency in 97.
It shows the results of 2 Shots fired against a Main Battle Tank with the standard Ahead ammunition (3.3 g sub-projectiles).
The objective was to disrupt the external sensors, antennae and optics. 1F
Total: 2 Shots
F BB

20. Ahead ABM Ground to Ground Capability
Firing Range: ~ 1 km
Simulated Range: ~ 1.2 km
Ammo: 4 Rounds (Single Shots)
4 135 Subprojectiles = 540 SP
Total: 107 Plate Perforations (~ 20%)
9- 2 mm Steel Target Plates
@ 1 m2: 0.5 m wide 1 2 3 4 7 5 6 8 9
Firing Direction 17 11 21 32
# of Plate Perforations =
This is an example of the revolver cannon and Ahead Ammo effectiveness against a standard squad disposition
Target Area: 10 (width) x 30 (depth) m
The target area is 27 m higher than the gun muzzle!

21. Helicopter Target (UH-1, Static)
- 2 Shots
- Range: 1500 m
Entry Side
Ref.: APG/Oct. 98
Two Ahead Rounds against a Huey Target.
Results evaluated as catastrophic by Aberdeen Proving Grounds.
F BB

22. Patrol Boat Deckhouse 10mm Aluminum
8 rounds at 1600M
Results of a lethality demo against a typical fast attack craft deckhouse

23. 35 mm Ahead Payload Ejection at 2 km Range: Performance
This graph depicts the residual K.E. of the sub projectiles - beginning at pay load ejection
This is a specific example of a 35mm kinetic energy round with 3.3 g sub-projectiles fired at a target at 2 km distance.
The origin of the graph is the point at which the sub-projectiles are dispensed and the purple curve is the energy of the sub-projectile from zero to 250 meters. The right hand ordinate is calibrated in Joules.
By selecting the distance from the targett for pay load ejection, the fire can be tailored to the vulnerability of the specific threat.
For this example, at approximately 150 meters from the point at which the payload is dispensed the energy level is below 80 Joules (NATO STANAG 4512) The impacts of the subprojectiles would fall into the less than-lethal range for unprotected personnel.
Case: g Subprojectiles

24. Naval Tactical Scenario Policing and Self Defense
OWN SHIP
INTRUDER
Payload first round Non-Lethal warning shot.
Payload 150m 3 rounds non-lethal on target.
Payload 25-50m 6 rds lethal on target
This slide suggests a tactical scenario for naval forces in a littoral environment where threats are intermixed with non-combatants.

25. Ground Tactical Scenarios
Point Target (incl. ATGW-Bunker, Prone & Covered Troops, MBT, Helicopter):
Area Target (Diffused Targets):
Gun
Linear Target (e.g. road with vehicles):
Pre-Determined Air Space (e.g. swarm of helicopters):
Road
Options for tactical scenarios by ground forces
F FF

26. Air Burst Coverage Effectiveness 35mm Ahead with 3.3g Subprojectiles
This final graph further demonstrates the scaleability of the 35 mm Revolver cannon and Ahead ammo by
-KE in joules and Subprojectile density per square meter
-Versus range of target from point of ejection

27. Ahead Payload Growth Potential
Traditional Payload Effects:
Mechanical effects based on KE (Frags / Subprojectiles)
Flash & Bang
Emerging Payload Effects:
Disabling passive effects (against target sensors): Chaff, Phosphor, ...
EM waves effects (against target electronic system): NNEMP: Non-Nuclear EMP, HPM: Hyper Power Microwave, UWB: Ultra Wide Band, ... in directional radiation pattern
Lastly, because AHEAD can be seen as a “cargo” round, the options exist for various payloads.
F BD

28. Summary
Military gun systems can extend their mission capabilities from lethal through near lethal to less-than-lethal. 
Demonstrated technology exists that can be applied in the development of direct fire weapons systems.
The vulnerability of a broad range of targets can be accommodated within the mission profile.
Scaleable lethality is a force multiplier

29. Tel 703 448 1947 Fax –1961 email abconsult@yahoo.com
Questions?
Contact information:
Andrew A. Bradick
6858 Old Dominion Dr,
Suite 210
McLean Va 22101
Tel Fax –1961
I wish to express my appreciation for the technical and analytical support provided by
Mr. Pierre Freymond, Weapons Engineer, Oerlikon Contraves Pyrotec AG Zurich, Switzerland

30. Scaleable Lethality Weapons Requirements for Military & Naval Forces
A capability for scaleable lethality is a long standing desire for military and naval forces.
The vast array of threat targets presented in the modern battle field are a daunting task that demands both tactical and a logistical solutions.
Scaleable Lethality is a significant Force Multiplier
Slid e 1
Millennium Gun

31. OVERVIEW The Situation The Requirement Terms of Reference Technology
- Guns
- Ammo
Target Vulnerability
Tactical Application
This presentation will address the tactical and technical issues shown in this overview chart.
It is useful to spend some time setting the scene and defining the requirement.

32. The Situation The Fluid Battle Environment
Organized Military Opposition
Unconventional & Asymmetric Warfare
Civil Unrest
Non Combatant Screens
Dynamic Rules of Engagement
Currently Limited Response Options
Water Cannons
Sponge Balls & “Rubber” Bullets
Flash Bang
Loudspeakers
Military Forces are now operating in fluid battle environments. These encompass a range of actions from organized military opposition to unconventional warfare all within the same geographic and time boundaries. Commanders are now facing threats ranging from Toyota “technicals” to T-72 Tanks, and from rubber boats to high speed attack craft all are overlaid by dynamic rules of engagement with limited response options.
There have been numerous incidences over the past few years that demonstrate a requirement for military forces to have weapons of scaleable lethality that offer a ”REOSTAT” of settings from lethal to less than lethal for missions ranging from destruction to dissuasion. From combat to self-protection and law enforcement. Bosnia, Kosovo, Somalia, Afghanistan and Iraq offer a few examples
In all the aforementioned events, the non-lethal weapons that are currently being developed i.e. glue guns, lasers, water cannons, sponge balls, slippery stuff, incapacitating gases etc. have proven to be difficult to manage, deploy and use with reliability and repeatable effectiveness

33. The Requirement A Multi Purpose Weapon with Scaleable Lethality
Scalability from Lethal to Less Than Lethal and Back
Readily Deployed
Minimum Logistical Tail
Potential for various ammo types: ABM,HE,APDS
- Scaleable for max efficiency against various targets
The requirement as shown here is fairly intuitive i.e. a multi-purpose weapon with scaleable lethality
Among the desirable options would be to fire a less than-lethal “warning” round that can be instantaneously escalated to a near-lethal/lethal shot. This option offers the commander the opportunity to protect his forces while at the same time diminishing the likelihood of collateral damage to non-combatants.
Another desirable option would be to tailor the round to the target. This option offers the commander the opportunity to use the available ammo with greater efficiency and reduce the logistical burden.
Finally, the weapon should not be a single purpose, special purpose weapon but rather one that can accept special ammo for special needs.

34. NATO Policy Less Than Lethal Weapons (LTLW)
Incapacitate or repel personnel, with a low probability of fatality
Expand the range of options available to NATO Military Authorities.
LTLW shall not be required to have zero probability of causing fatalities or permanent injuries.
We should be clear about some terms of reference.
The following extracts from a NATO policy with regard to less than lethal weapons (LTLW) provide us with certain applicable definitions.

35. Design Elements of a Scaleable Kinetic Energy Weapon
Predictable delivery of subprojectiles requires:
High Rate of Fire - Shoot-look-shoot
Selectable Rof F - tailor burst size to target
MV Correction - Minimize error in range
Accurate Fuzing - Precision delivery at the target
Uniformity of the payload - Subprojectiles same size
Uniformity of payload distribution - area coverage

36. 35mm Technology Suite TARGET Payload: Subprojectiles
I will present the technology features of The Oerlikon Contraves 35 MM Revolver Cannon and Ahead ammunition that offers new options for multipurpose scaleable weapons.
1. The Oerlikon Contraves 35 MM Revolver Cannon has a SELECTABLE rate of fire single shot, 200 spm or1000 spm that can deliver a burst of fire of up to 18 rounds in less than one second.
2. Extremely accurate fuze technologies combined with muzzle velocity measurement and correction calculations that permit tailoring of payloads from sparsely to densely delivered.
3. Airbursting ammunition with sub projectile payloads that can be delivered to the target with energy levels tailored to the vulnerability of the target using the exact same rounds and cannon.
4. Engagement ranges of from 70 meters to 4.8 kilometers.
A combination of all these features offers a lethality mechanism to defeat any threat by delivering a calibrated “wall of steel” between own and hostile forces..
Payload: Subprojectiles

37. Four Chamber Revolver Cannon
The gun characteristic of high rate of fire is meant to minimize the time of each engagement and increase the amount of time available for the total engagement.
The common direct fire cannon design is the single barrel chain gun designs that have rates of fire from shots/minute
The alternative, of proven design and operational history is the 4 chamber revolver cannon that achieves a rate of fire 1000 shots/minute without any weight or complexity penalty.
The rate of fire is managed by the software in the gun control module. The selectable rates of fire are single shot, 200 SPM and 1000 SPM.
Because the rate of fire is software controlled, tactical experience may determine that 100 spm and 2000 spms are preferred. These changes can be accommodated with simple software changes.

38. 35mm revolver cannon

39. 35mm Air Burst Munition Kinetic Energy Time Fuze (ABM-KETF) – Layout:
The Ahead projectile shown here utilizes the residual kinetic energy of a high muzzle velocity round in lieu of a bursting high explosive (HE) charge.
This design uses an electronic time fuze that activates a small ejection charge (< 1 gram). The charge provides over pressure in the interior of the outer shell causing it to peel away from the subprojectiles.
The subprojectiles, now unrestrained, utilize the longitudinal, radial and rotational vector s from the projectile to distribute themselves in accordance with the law of conservation of momentum.
The pre-formed subprojectile payload is delivered uniformly within the solid angle created by the payload ejection.
Note: The payload (500g) is composed of cylindrical W-Subprojectiles (here 3.3 g).
For engagements other than AA (e.g. G-to-G) the mass of the subprojectiles can be reduced accordingly (e.g. 1 to 1.5 g)

40. 35 mm ABM (Ahead) Subprojectile Dynamic Parameters
This chart is a graphic portrayal of the conical volume described by the sub-projectiles after ejection.
Depicted are the velocity and density of the subprojectiles (here 3.3 g each), as well as the striking area vs. range within the cone. For other payloads, a similar pattern can be described.
Subprojectile Density Valid for 3.3 g Subprojectiles

41. Single Round Subprojectile Pattern
If the delivery (ejection) is timed to occur prior to the point at which the projectile would have intercepted the target, then as seen here, a theoretical 100% of the sub projectiles intercept the target. Also note the even distribution of subprojectiles confirming one of our design objectives.

42. 35 mm Air Burst Munition Various Payload Arrangements, e.g:
Air Defense Version (Ahead)
IFV Version
35 mm Caliber
Since the basic design of the Ahead ammunition is a cargo one, the payload can be defined at will. Here an example ot the original Ahead ammunition with 152 Tungsten sub-projectiles at 3.3 g optimized against the missile threat, and a version for Infantry Fighting Vehicles with 341 sub-projectiles at 1.5 each.
Subprojectile, SP-diameter: 5.85 mm
8 19 SP (152) of 3.3 g each
SP-diameter: 4.65 mm
11 31 SP (341) of 1.5 g each
F BB

43. On-line Compensation of Muzzle Velocity Variation
Fixed Time Programming
On-Line∆Vo - Compensation
This slide demonstrates the practical effect of on-line compensation of round by round muzzle velocity error correction.
Firing Range approx. 1600m
400% Improvement
20m 5m

44. Muzzle Velocity Correction

45. Mission Roles-Targets
Mission Roles
 Dissuasion (Less-Than-Lethal)
Destruction (Lethal Mission Kill/Hard Kill)
Targets (Anti Material/Anti Personnel)  
  Armored Vehicles Combatant Vessels
Other Military Vehicles Patrol Craft & Support Vessels
MOUTS Inflatables To Speed Boats
Troops in bunkers Drones To Missiles
Troops in open Helicopters & Aircraft
Civilian Shields
This chart is a reminder that the missions for a direct fire gun, run the gamut from dissuasion to destruction (hard kill) and the spectrum of targets and the consideration of their vulnerabilities range from dismounted troops to unarmored vehicles to helicopters, aircraft, drones and missiles.

46. Scaleable ABM Lethality Level
100%
Lethal
Less-Than-Lethal
Lethality Level
This graph depicts the relationship between lethality level & the energy received at the target. The vertical axis can also be described as a measure of target vulnerability.
The following slides demonstrate the multi mission capabilities of the 35 mm revolver cannon and Ahead ammo against a variety of targets. 0%
Fragment Penetration & Hit Density
I n c a p a c i t a t i o n
D i s s u a s i o n
F CC

47. Lethality Ahead Un-Fuzed Mode 55mm Armor Plate
In this example the entire 500 g payload strikes the target as a unitary mass. Shown are the entry and exit view of the plate.

48. Mission Kill Demonstration with the 35mm Ahead against MBT (Swiss P-68 Upgraded)
Details
This trial was carried out by the Swiss Army Procurement Agency in 97.
It shows the results of 2 Shots fired against a Main Battle Tank with the standard Ahead ammunition (3.3 g sub-projectiles).
The objective was to disrupt the external sensors, antennae and optics. 1F
Total: 2 Shots
F BB

49. Ahead ABM Ground to Ground Capability
Firing Range: ~ 1 km
Simulated Range: ~ 1.2 km
Ammo: 4 Rounds (Single Shots)
4 135 Subprojectiles = 540 SP
Total: 107 Plate Perforations (~ 20%)
9 Target 1 m2:
2 mm Steel plate 37-2
2 m high x 0.5 m wide 1 2 3 4 7 5 6 8 9
Firing Direction 17 11 21 32
# of Plate Perforations =
This is an example of the revolver cannon and Ahead Ammo effectiveness against a standard squad disposition
Target Area: 10 (width) x 30 (depth) m
The target area is 27 m higher than the gun muzzle!

50. Helicopter Target (UH-1, Static)
- 2 Shots
- Range: 1500 m
Entry Side
Ref.: APG/Oct. 98
Two Ahead Rounds against a Huey Target.
Results evaluated as catastrophic by Aberdeen Proving Grounds.
F BB

51. Patrol Boat Deckhouse 10mm Aluminum
8 rounds at 1600M
Results of a lethality demo against a typical fast attack craft deckhouse

52. 35 mm Ahead Payload Ejection at 2 km Range: Performance
This graph depicts the residual K.E. of the sub projectiles - beginning at pay load ejection
This is a specific example of a 35mm kinetic energy round with 3.3 g sub-projectiles fired at a target at 2 km distance.
The origin of the graph is the point at which the sub-projectiles are dispensed and the purple curve is the energy of the sub-projectile from zero to 250 meters. The right hand ordinate is calibrated in Joules.
By selecting the distance from the targett for pay load ejection, the fire can be tailored to the vulnerability of the specific threat.
For this example, at approximately 150 meters from the point at which the payload is dispensed the energy level is below 80 Joules (NATO STANAG 4512) The impacts of the subprojectiles would fall into the less than-lethal range for unprotected personnel.
Case: g Subprojectiles

53. Naval Tactical Scenario Policing and Self Defense
OWN SHIP
INTRUDER
Payload first round Non-Lethal warning shot.
Payload 150m 3 rounds non-lethal on target.
Payload 25-50m 6 rds lethal on target
This slide suggests a tactical scenario for naval forces in a littoral environment where threats are intermixed with non-combatants.

54. Ground Tactical Scenarios
Point Target (incl. ATGW-Bunker, Prone & Covered Troops, MBT, Helicopter):
Area Target (Diffused Targets):
Gun
Linear Target (e.g. road with vehicles):
Pre-Determined Air Space (e.g. swarm of helicopters):
Road
Options for tactical scenarios by ground forces
F FF

55. Air Burst Coverage Effectiveness 35mm Ahead with 3.3g Subprojectiles
This final graph further demonstrates the scaleability of the 35 mm Revolver cannon and Ahead ammo by
-KE in joules and Subprojectile density per square meter
-Versus range of target from point of ejection

56. Ahead Payload Growth Potential
Traditional Payload Effects:
Mechanical effects based on KE (Frags / Subprojectiles)
Flash & Bang
Emerging Payload Effects:
Disabling passive effects (against target sensors): Chaff, Phosphor, ...
EM waves effects (against target electronic system): NNEMP: Non-Nuclear EMP, HPM: Hyper Power Microwave, UWB: Ultra Wide Band, ... in directional radiation pattern
Lastly, because AHEAD can be seen as a “cargo” round, the options exist for various payloads.
F BD

57. Summary
Direct fire gun systems can extend their mission capabilities from lethal through near lethal to less-than-lethal. 
Demonstrated technology is developed that can be applied in the development of direct fire weapons systems.
The vulnerability of a broad range of targets can be accommodated within the mission profile.
Scaleable lethality is a force multiplier

58. Tel 703 448 1947 Fax –1961 email abconsult@yahoo.com
Questions?
Contact information:
Andrew A. Bradick
6858 Old Dominion Dr,
Suite 210
McLean Va 22101
Tel Fax –1961
I wish to express my appreciation for the technical and analytical support provided by
Mr. Pierre Freymond, Weapons Engineer, Oerlikon Contraves Pyrotec AG Zurich, Switzerland