1. Introduction to Climate and Environmental Physics HS 2014 Lecture IV Christoph Raible, Markus Leuenberger, Fortunat Joos and Thomas Stocker

2. Definition Aerosol is a colloid or mixture of fine solid particles and/or liquid droplets in a carrier gas. The particles/ droplets have diameters of 10 -3 μm to >100 μm.

4. Annual fluxes of the most important aerosol sources. From Seinfeld and Pandis (2006)2006

5. Global source distribution Stier et al. (2005)

7. Movie

8. Dependence of various scattering processes on the diameter of the particle that leads to scattering and the wavelength of the incident light

9. «Dimming and Brightening»

10. Wild et al. (2005)

11. «Dimming and Brightening» Wild et al. (2005)

12. «Dimming and Brightening» Wild et al. (2007)

13. Production of sea salt aerosol by bubble bursting (left) and of mineral dust aerosol by saltation (right).

14. Oxidation of SO 2 with OH to sulfuric acid

15. Idealized volume size distribution of an aged particle.

16. Balance of gravity and Stoke’s force for a sphere falling through a medium

19. Conceptual view of the aerosol depletion in an air column away from its source by dry deposition wet deposition

20. Schematic of various processes leading to extinction and scattering of incoming shortwave radiation

21. Elemental composition of different rocks, soil, shale and continental aerosol (Warneck, 1987)Warneck, 1987

22. Chemical composition of sea water. From Seinfeld and Pandis (2006).2006