1. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION A PRIMER OF KNOWLEDGE THAT CAN MULTIPLY AND SPILL OVER FOR THE BENEFIT OF MILLIONS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA http://www.gadr.giees.uncc.edu

2. EXAMPLE: REMEMBERING 2OO9: THE YEAR OF EL NINO, PACIFIC CYCLONES, HURRICANES, AND TYPHOONS; EARTHQUAKES; AND WILDFIRES

3. ALONG WITH: ATLANTIC TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES, LANDSLIDES, TSUNAMIS, OIL SPILLS, VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS, AND GLOBAL WARMING IMPACTED NATIONS Australia, The Philippines, Taiwan, China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos. Mexico, Italy, Nicaragua, Greece, Turkey, Indonesia, American Samoa, Vanuatu, Honduras, USA (California, North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota), … …

4. SOCIETAL IMPACTS DURING 2009 Thousands killed and injured. Hundreds of thousands of homes inundated or destroyed. Infrastructure damaged and destroyed. Toxic materials released into the air, water, and soil. Health care needs sharply increased everywhere. Millions evacuated and hundreds of thousands displaced. Livelihoods of hundreds of millions adversely affected. $ Tens of billions in insured and uninsured economic losses..

5. EL NINO AND PACIFIC CYCLONES, HURRICANES, AND TYPHOONS EVIDENCE OF PLANET EARTH’S WILD WEATHER

6. El Nino, was well developed in 2009, causing an increase in Pacific hurricanes and typhoons and a decrease in Atlantic tropical storms and hurricanes.

7. CYCLONE HAMISH MARCH 5, 2009

8. CYCLONE HAMISH IMPACTS QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA A CAT 4 STORM WITH 175 MPH WINDS DISRUPTION OF COAL EXPORTS AND THE TOURIST INDUSTRY A MAJOR OIL SPILL MARCH 9, 2009

9. PACIFIC BASIN HURRICANES August 2009, with 7 named storms, was one of the most active Augusts on record for the basin. This level of activity had not occurred since 1968.

10. HURRICANE RICK: CAT 5 OCT 15, 2009

11. TYPHOONS The worst include: MORAKOT KETSANA PARMA MIRANIE

12. MORAKOT’S PATH: SEPT 7-10

13. TYPHOON MORAKOT A MAJOR DISASTER IN THE PHILIPPINES, TAIWAN, AND CHINA HOUSES, A HOTEL, BRIDGES, AND VILLAGES DESTROYED 40 DEAD, BUT HUNDREDS MISSING 3-10 AUGUST 2009 1,000,000 EVACUATED Southeast China evacuated nearly 1 million people ahead of the storm, after Morakot dumped 2.5 meters (100 inches) of rain on Taiwan, causing the worst flooding in 50 years.

14. RECORD FLOODING IN THE METROPOLITAN MANILA AREA, THE PHILIPPINES, FROM TYPHOONS MOROKOT, KETSANA, PARMA, AND MIRANIE September 26 – OCTOBER 31, 2009

15. TYPHOON KETSANA: SEPTEMBER 23-30, 2009

16. WHAT HAPPENED Nearly a month's worth of rain fell in just six hours on Saturday on Manila, the Philippine capital, stranding thousands on rooftops in the city and elsewhere as tropical storm Ketsana (AKA locally as Ondoy) slammed ashore. The flood waters reached two stories high in many areas in Metro Manila

17. ON TO CAMBODIA AND VIETNAM

18. WHAT HAPPENED 200,000 evacuated in Vietnam. Thousands left homeless. 99 dead in Vietnam. 16 in Cambodia, and 14 in Laos.

19. TYPHOON PARMA REACHES THE PHILIPPINES ON OCTOBER 3 Over 100,000 were evacuated to safe ground in anticipation of Parma’s landfall. Fortunately, the storm changed direction and the rain-drenched capital, Manila, escaped the worst effects of Parma.

20. SWOLLEN CAGAYAN RIVER FLOODS RICE AND CORN FIELDS

21. WHAT HAPPENED BETWEEN OCTOBER 3-10 A dozen Landslides caused by Typhoon Parma buried people in villages in the northern Philippines. The death toll from the storm reached at least 224.

22. THE 2009 ATLANTIC HURRICANE SEASON WAS SLOW TO DEVELOP AND, EXCEPT FOR IDA, THE STORMS WERE MAINLY RAINMAKERS

23. ATLANTIC TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES ANA BILL CLAUDETTE DANNY ERIKA FRED GRACE HENRI IDA

24. TRACK OF ANA THRU FRED: AUGUST- SEPTEMBER 2009

25. HURRICANE IDA: NOV 5

26. IDA– RAINMAKER FOR THE GULF & ATLANTIC COASTS: NOV 9-14

27. EARTHQUAKES L'AQUILLA, ITALY HONDURAS CHINA INDONESIA AMERICAN SAMOA (Tsunami) VENAUTU

29. Many earthquake survivors had to be transported to Rome for surgery and/or treatment due to shortage of resources in the L’Aquila area

30. LOCATION MAP

31. MODERATE EARTHQUAKE STRIKES YUNNAN, CHINA M6.0 Depth: about 14 km 7:19 PM JULY 9, 2009

32. YUNNAN PROVINCE

33. LOCATION: INDONESIAN QUAKES

34. PADANG: OCTOBER 1, 2009 The port city of Padang (population of 900,000) was in chaos on Thursday, October 1, after a powerful M7.6 earthquake struck the island of Sumatra on Wednesday. Fires were burning, sirens blaring, dazed residents wandering in streets covered with rubble, and hundreds trapped beneath collapsed buildings. Nearly every building over three stories in Padang suffered damage from the first quake, which was just 30 miles away. Padang’s three main hospitals all collapsed.

35. AMERICAN SAMOA: SEPT 29

36. LOCATION M7.8 EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI IN VANUATU OCTOBER 7, 2009

37. LANDSLIDES MESSINA, ITALY THE PHILIPPINES TAIWAN INDONESIA

38. RIVERS OF MUD DEVASTATE MESSINA, ITALY OCTOBER 2, 2009

39. MESSINA: MUD FLOWS

40. WHAT HAPPENED BETWEEN OCTOBER 3-10 A dozen Landslides caused by Typhoon Parma buried people in villages in the northern Philippines. The death toll from the storm reached at least 224.

41. MORAKOT-TRIGGERED LANDSLIDE BURIES TAIWAN VILLAGE, AUG 10

42. QUAKE-TRIGGERED LANDSLIDE: PADANG PARIAMAN, INDONESIA

43. WILDFIRES AUSTRALIA ATHENS, GREECE CALIFORNIA

44. WALL OF FIRE MOVES ACROSS SE AUSTRALIA

45. MELBOURNE AREA

46. WILDFIRES NEAR ATHENS, GREECE AUGUST 22, 2009

47. “MONSTOR WILDFIRE” NEAR LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA COVERING 190 SQUARE MILES AND GROWING RAPIDLY CONTAINED ON SEPT 15 th August 28 – September 15, 2009

48. FIGHTING WILDFIRES ON A 100 DEGREES F DAY

49. WILDFIRES A huge wildfire is threatening to engulf 12,000 homes in the Los Angeles area along a 20 mile (32 km) front. It is also advancing on a broadcasting complex and a historic observatory located on Mount Wilson.

50. FLOODS NORTH DAKOTA, SOUTH DAKOTA, AND MINNESOTA CHINA TURKEY ITALY ENGLAND

51. NORTH DAKOTA, SOUTH DAKOTA, AND MINNESOTA EXPERIENCE MAJOR FLOODING MARCH 28-30, 2009

53. FUJIAN PROVINCE, CHINA: AUGUST 10 (TYPHOON MORAKOT RELATED)

54. FLASH FLOODS HIT ISTHANBUL, TURKEY Losses expected to exceed $100 million SEPTEMBER 9, 2009

55. FLASH FLOODS IN TURKEY Waves of muddy waters carrying cars, trees and debris crashed into homes and buildings on Wednesday (Sept 9) as people were getting up to break their fast during the holy month of Ramadan.

56. ISTHANBUL'S VULNERABILITY This disaster revealed Isthanbul’s vulnerability to flooding. In Istanbul, water tries to find a way to move over and under the ground, but can’t because all of the ground is poured concrete.

57. REMEMBERING RECORD FLOODS IN NORTHWEST ENGLAND (WITH SEVERE FLOOD WARNINGS IN SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND) NOVEMBER 19-21, 2009

58. LOCATION OF CUMBRIA, ENGLAND

59. AERIAL VIEW OF COLLAPSED BRIDGE: CUMBRIA AREA

60. OIL SPILLS PLANET EARTH AIR, WATER, AND SOIL ARE EASILY DAMAGED BY NATURE’S AND MAN’S ACTIONS

61. CYCLONE HAMISH: OIL SPILL IMPACTS AUSTRALIAN BEACHES

62. AUSTRALIAN WILDFIRES: WORST EVER WINDS OF 60 MPH (100 KM/HR) CREATE WALL OF FIRE 9-11 FEBRUARY 2009