1. International Health Policy Program -Thailand BY SOPIT NASUEB FOUR CONTRIES PROJECT : ALCOHOL SITUATION IN CAMBODIA

2. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Guideline Country background information Alcohol consumption situation Alcohol impact situation Alcohol supply situation Alcohol control policy Challenges 2

3. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Country Background information 3

4. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Alcohol consumption situation 4

5. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Alcohol consumption situation 5 Estimates from key alcohol experts showing proportion of adult males and females who had been abstaining. Data is for after year 1995

6. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Alcohol consumption situation In a survey of 101 positive HIV/AIDS patients (median age 32 years), 46.5% of the male drinkers were considered to be heavy drinkers consuming more than 3 drinks a day 6

7. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Alcohol consumption situation Unrecorded alcohol consumption – The unrecorded alcohol consumption in Cambodia is estimated to be 0.5 litres pure alcohol per capita for population older than 15 for the years after 1995 (estimated by a group of key alcohol experts). 7

8. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Alcohol impact situation Social and cultural transformations have shaped people’s exposure to, and capacity to deal with, alcohol consumption situation. Health – HIV/AIDS, effect of alcohol on job (Beer girl), unsafe sex. Youth – Negative lifestyle factors: tobacco use and excessive alcohol consumption. Violence – Domestic violence link between alcohol, sexuality and violence. 8

9. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Alcohol supply situation In late 2006, Cambodian industry leaders Heineken and Carlsberg and their partner brands – eg., Angkor, Geinness, Tiger, ABC, Anchor – and breweries, controlling 70-80% of the market 9

10. International Health Policy Program -Thailand 10 Promotion

11. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Alcohol supply situation Such numbers led the company to invest $2 million in a Kingdom Breweries plant, located on a former Nestle factory site in Phnom Penh. The site is expected to begin operations next year, producing beer products aimed at the top end of the local beer market. United Breweries Group, announced in 2009 that it would start supplying Southeast Asia with Kingfisher beer bottled in Cambodia starting in early 2010 11

12. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Alcohol supply situation In mid-December 2009 Germany's Ziemann Group inked a $60 million joint venture agreement with Cambodia's Chip Mong Group to produce a "world-class beer“ Two months earlier San Miguel Breweries International announced that it had joined forces with Phnom Penh-based KT Investments to find a suitable site to place a new brewery near the capital. 12

13. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Alcohol control policy Cambodia has no alcohol control policy Alcohol Policy Development Working Group under leadership of Ministry of Health has started to draft a policy Cambodia has no age limitation. Cambodia has no alcohol ban—places, occasion, time…etc. The general election in 2008 had been banned during the cooling and election days because an invention petition from NGOs. 13

14. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Alcohol control policy 14

15. International Health Policy Program -Thailand 15

16. International Health Policy Program -Thailand 16

17. International Health Policy Program -Thailand 17

18. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Challenges Less experience on alcohol policy development Alcohol Drinking is deep rooted in Cambodia that it is difficult to tackle Limited budget No central agency and the lack of specialized personnel to maintain control problems caused by alcohol. Less evidence-based research and data update. No data on government expenditures to give treatment for those who are alcohol harmfulness. Senior executives of the country has not focused on alcohol problems actually Lessons from smoking is an important example for driving alcohol control policies 18

19. International Health Policy Program -Thailand Reference WHO Global Status Report on Alcohol 2004. Bryony Taylor. Partying Youngsters Raise Glass, Profits for Cambodia's Beer Industry http://www.allvoices.com/contributed- news/5081743-partying-youngsters-raise-glass- profits-for-cambodias-beer-industry/images http://www.allvoices.com/contributed- news/5081743-partying-youngsters-raise-glass- profits-for-cambodias-beer-industry/images Mom Kong. The situation in Cambodia http://www.ias.org.uk/resources/publications/theglob e/globe200103-04/gl200103-04_p26.html http://www.ias.org.uk/resources/publications/theglob e/globe200103-04/gl200103-04_p26.html Gender Based Violence and HIV/AIDS in Cambodia. http://www2.gtz.de/dokumente/bib/05-0492.pdf. http://www2.gtz.de/dokumente/bib/05-0492.pdf www.who.int 19

20. International Health Policy Program -Thailand …Thank You… 20 Cambodia Team