1. INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT HELPING COMMUNITIES BECOME RESEARCHERS AND PROBLEM SOLVERS

4. IPM? Origins and Background of IPM in Asian Context Linking NFE to IPM: The Farmer Field School Community IPM and Hoped for Sustainability

5. IPM Training for Women and Girls Farmer Field Schools for Women & Girls Student Field Schools –Cambodia Farmer Life Schools –Cambodia Field Schools for Out-of-School Girls –Cambodia

6. Farmer Field Schools Discovery learning approach Farmer to farmer transfer of the IPM innovation Demonstration projects Farmer-led research New associative groupings and applications of skills to different sectoral issues

8. Collecting specimens for analysis

9. The AESA process in the study area – discussing, writing and drawing the report and making decisions.

10. Design Issues in FFS for Women Women’s literacy levels and lack of technical agricultural training/exposure to technical terminology Demands on women’s time: agricultural production, domestic work and child care Constraints of mixed-gender participation, caste, opportunity costs and location of FFS

11. Design Responses Linking FFS to livelihood improvement and savings and credit groups Adaptations in the curriculum Community support committees Opportunities for immediate application of knowledge and skills Opportunities for self and group assessment

17. Issues Related to Application of Learnings Women’s decision making authority (development of a gender analysis matrix on rice crop decision making) Literacy levels and participation Linkages with other development programs Community support mechanisms Follow up with individual farmer trainees

19. Student Field Schools in Cambodia Improve environmental management and farming practices Improve pedagogy Improve school governance Life skills agenda at the national level

20. Local farmers participate in the SFS teaching team.

21. Student Field Schools in Cambodia: 1998-2006 Project trains primary school teachers to teach IPM principles and practices to students through hands-on student field schools Field schools combine classroom instruction with systematic field studies over a cropping season Curriculum is being institutionalized in general education curriculum

22. Students set up “insect zoo” experiments to learn about characteristics of insects.

23. Farmer Life Schools: “Staying Alive on Route 5” Farmers study problems that threaten their livelihoods, weigh available options and make decisions Link farmer knowledge and experience with ecology, group organization, and discovery learning with Human Ecosystem Analysis FLS are run by farmers themselves

24. Sustainable Farming and Life Skills for Out of School Girls Introduces out-of-school girls to sustainable farming practices and broad environmental issues (elements of SFS) Farmer as researcher concepts from FFS are used to investigate health of communities, risks and opportunities Builds self-confidence to participate in family and community decision-making

25. Challenges in IPM Training for Women and Girls Sustainability issues Literacy levels Attitudinal issues toward women’s and girls’ roles in decision making Collaboration with government line agencies Funding