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Published byTaryn Hadder Modified over 10 years ago
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Landscape maintenance
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Regular maintenance Soil maintenance –pH and nutrient testing & maintenance –Amending –Weed control Plant maintenance –Irrigation Mulching –Pest control (insects, disease, other organisms) –Pruning
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Landscape tools
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Weed control Chemical control –Pre-emergent vs. post-emergence –Selective vs. nonselective
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Weed control Hand weeding Landscape fabric Mulch
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Irrigation Water supply to a plant –Limited by root system Improve soil drainage, reduce soil compaction to improve root growth –Avg. soil absorbs 3/8” water per hour Slow, less-frequent deep watering better than frequent shallow watering –Soaker hose –Drip irrigation –Basin watering (berm)
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Irrigation
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Hand watering Sprinkler irrigation –Good for lawns, densely planted beds –Wastes water (evaporation, unplanted areas) –Can promote foliar diseases –Fixed heads/risers –Portable heads Drip/trickle irrigation –Reduces water usage by >50% –Can apply fertilizers –Nozzles, pipes can clog
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Irrigation Mulching/ground covers reduces frequent watering needs Standard 1/2” residential pipe can handle one irrigation head (install ¾”-1” piping if plan to irrigate) Generally need 1” water per week –Lawns 1” per week –Woody plants 3-4” total every 4 weeks Newly transplanted woody plants need to be watered weekly (1 st year), every 2 weeks (2 nd year)
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Garden pests
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Pest control Choose plants with minimal pest problems Insect pests are often vectors for disease Chemical control –Contact poisons vs. systemic pesticides –Synthetic vs. organic
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Biological pest control Gardens Alive Home Harvest
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Pruning Removal of excessive & undesirable growth
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Why prune? Sanitation –Broken branches & dead tissue Diseased parts Opening canopy –Increase air flow; reduce humidity –Increase penetration of sprays Removal of undergrowth for appearance and fire prevention Stimulate new, vigorous growth
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Why prune? Aesthetics –Shape Formal hedges Topiary
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Espalier
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Vase-shaped trees
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Pollarding
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Why prune? Enhance reproduction –Yield enhancement –Fruiting shoots vs. non-fruiting shoots –Increase flower size –Fruit distribution, size, sugar content uniformity –Access to fruit
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Why prune? Manipulate physiology –Pre-transplant root pruning –Shoot tip pruning to promote branching –Stimulate new growth on older plants Dwarfing Bonsai
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Pruning tools Saws Shears Hand pruners Loppers Pole pruners Bypass vs. anvil
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Pruning tools Sanitation Branch size and pruner damage –Hand pruners (< 1/2 inch dia.) –Loppers (< 2 inch dia.) Maintain sharp tools –Clean cuts heal faster
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Pruning principles Cutting is irreversible Breaking apical dominance changes form of plant Pruning invigorates regrowth Pruning can direct growth Timing of pruning is critical –Spring flowers develop on previous season’s growth –Summer and fall flowers develop on current season’s growth
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Pruning techniques
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Prune inward growing branches
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Pruning for outward growth
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Prune rubbing branches
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Included bark
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Crotch angles
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Trees with central leaders Standard form
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Pruning Multiple leaders
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Removing the central leader
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Branched head standard
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Multistemed tree form
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Drop crotching – controlling height
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Pruning cuts
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Pruning branches Cut at 90 0 angle Cut in stages
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Pruning large branches
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Pruning pines – pinching candles
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Pruning shrubs Heading back
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Thinning
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Renewal pruning (gradual renovation)
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Coppice for color
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Shearing
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Hedge shapes
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Training - Espalier
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