1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
STD’s
Sexually Transmitted Diseases

2. Pubic Lice (Crabs) and Scabies
What Are They?
Parasites (bugs) that live in body hair; scabies burrow under the skin.

3. Lice and Scabies How do you get them?
Close physical contact with infected person
Contact with infected clothing, bedding, etc.

4. Lice and Scabies What are the symptoms?
LICE: Itching in the area of the sex organs
Tiny lice crawling in the hair round the sex organs, armpits, eyebrows, chest hair, etc.
SCABIES: an itchy red sore or line of sores anywhere on the body
Itching is usually worse at night

5. Lice and Scabies How can you know for sure?
LICE: Examine hair for lice or eggs
SCABIES: Examine sores by a clinician; they may take a scraping of skin for microscopic exam

6. Lice and Scabies How are they treated?
Medicated shampoos or lotions such as RID, A-200, NIX or KWELL for pubic lice, or SCABENE for scabies
Thoroughly wash or dry clean all clothing, bedding, etc
Pregnant women must use prescription products

7. Lice and Scabies What can happen if you have pubic lice or scabies?
Will spread to other parts of the body and other people
Itching and discomfort will get worse

8. Syphilis
What is it?
A bacterial infection

9. Syphilis How do you get it?
Sexual contact with someone who carries the organisms
Any contact with a syphilis sore

10. Syphilis What are the symptoms?
EARLY STAGE (21-90 days): a painless sore in the mouth, sex organs or elsewhere on the body. If you don’t treat it, the sore will go away in a couple of weeks, but syphilis is still present in the body
Many people do not notice the sores

11. Syphilis How can you know for sure?
Sample from a sore examined under a microscope
Blood test
If the first blood test is negative, another may be necessary in 6 weeks

12. Syphilis
How is it treated?
With antibiotics

13. Syphilis What can happen if you have syphilis?
SECOND STAGE (2 weeks – 6 months)
new sores, rash, fever, hair loss, body aches, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes
THIRD STAGE (years later): damage to heart, blood vessels, brain, eyes; death
Pregnant women can pass it on to the fetus causing it severe harm or death

14. Trichomoniasis What is it?
a vaginal infection caused by a one-celled organism

15. Trichomoniasis How do you get it?
Sexual contact with someone who has it.

16. Trichomoniasis What are the symptoms?
Abnormal vaginal discharge (more than usual, different color, bad odor)
Burning or itching in or near the vagina
Burning with urination
Men usually have no symptoms but may experience urethral discharge or burning with intercourse
Some infected women have no symptoms

17. Trichomonaisis How can you know for sure?
Sample of discharge examined under a microscope
Pelvic exam

18. Trichomoniasis
How is it treated?
Appropriate antibiotics

19. Trichomoniasis What can happen if you have trichomoniasis?
Can carry harmful bacteria up into a woman’s uterus and tubes, causing a pelvic infection
Can spread to sexual partner(s)

20. Gonorrhea What is it? A bacterial infection
In women, can infect the cervix, urethra, uterus and tubes
In men, can infect the urethra, prostate and epididymis

21. Gonorrhea How do you get it?
Sexual contact with someone who has gonorrhea

22. Gonorrhea What are the symptoms?
WOMEN: pelvic pain, painful urination, abnormal vaginal bleeding, or discharge
Many women have no symptoms
MEN: Painful urination
Drip or discharge from the penis
Many men have no symptoms

23. Gonorrhea How can you know for sure?
Sample of discharge examined under a microscope and cultures taken for lab tests

24. Gonorrhea
How is it treated?
Antibiotics

25. Gonorrhea What can happen if you have gonorrhea?
Severe infection of the reproductive organs
Sterility
Heart problems
Arthritis (joint problems)
If a woman has gonorrhea when she gives birth, the infection can be passed to the baby
Can spread infection to sexual partners
Disorders of the central nervous system

26. Hepatitis-B
What is it?
An infection caused by a virus.

27. Hepatitis-B How do you get it?
Sexual or intimate contact with someone carrying the virus
Using unsterile I.V. needles

28. Hepatitis-B What are the symptoms? Extreme fatigue Headache Fever
Nausea
Yellowing of skin
May show no symptoms during the most contagious phases

29. Hepatitis-B How can you know for sure? Blood tests
Physical examination

30. Hepatitis-B How is it treated? No direct treatment available
In most cases the body fights the infection, which gradually fades away
Vaccine is available that can help protect people

31. Hepatitis-B What can happen if you have Hepatitis-B?
Virus is very contagious and may remain active for a person’s lifetime
Can spread infection to sexual partner
Although 90-95% of adults recover completely, Hepatitis-B can cause severe liver disease and death
A woman can transmit the virus to her fetus or newborn baby

32. Chlamydia What is it? A bacterial infection
In women, it infects the cervix, urethra, fallopian tubes and ovaries
In men, it infects the urethra, prostate and epididymis

33. Chlamydia How do you get it?
Sexual contact with someone who carries the organism

34. Chlamydia What are the symptoms?
WOMEN: Pelvic pain, painful or frequent urination
Abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge
Bleeding after intercourse
Sometimes symptoms are present only in the morning
Many women have no symptoms

35. Chlamydia What are the symptoms? MEN: discharge from the penis
Painful urination
Sometimes symptoms are present only in the morning
Many men have no symptoms

36. Chlamydia How can you know for sure?
Sample of discharge examined under a microscope and lab tests

37. Chlamydia
How is it treated?
antibiotics

38. Chlamydia What can happen if you have chlamydia?
Severe infection of the reproductive organs
Sterility
If a woman has cervical chlamydia when she gives birth, the infection can be passed to the baby
Can spread infection to sexual partner(s)

39. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
What is it?
An infection of the uterus, tubes and pelvic organs due to gonorrhea, chlamydia or other bacteria.

40. PID
How do you get it?
Sexual contact with someone who carries the organism
Can also occur in women who have not had sexual contact

41. PID What are the symptoms?
Lower abdominal pain, painful intercourse, burning during urination, heavy periods or irregular bleeding, fever, chills
Some women have mild or no symptoms

42. PID How can you know for sure? Pelvic exam
Sample of cervical discharge examined under a microscope and sent for lab tests
Blood tests
Pregnancy test to exclude tubal pregnancy

43. PID
How is it treated?
Antibiotics
Bed rest
Sexual abstinence

44. PID What can happen if you have PID?
Pelvic abscess, which may require surgery
Sterility
Repeat episodes of PID
Chronic pelvic pain
Increased risk of tubal pregnancy
Can spread organisms to sexual partner(s)

45. Genital warts or Condyloma
What is it?
Warts caused by a virus called the human papilloma virus (HPV)

46. Genital warts or Condyloma
How do you get it?
Skin-to-skin contact with genital warts

47. Genital warts or Condyloma
What are the symptoms?
Warts that grow around the sex organs or rectum
There might be slight itching, burning or irritation, especially with many warts
Warts my be found on the cervix (inside the vagina) where the woman may not notice them
Some people can carry the warts virus and have no symptoms

48. Genital warts or Condyloma
How can you know for sure?
Warts examined

49. Genital warts or Condyloma
How is it treated?
Can be removed by:
Burning them off with chemicals, electric current or laser
Freezing them off

50. Genital warts or Condyloma
What can happen if you have genital warts?
They can grow larger in size, or spread to new areas and become harder to remove
Cervical warts are associated with abnormal pap smears, and can lead to more serious problems
Can spread warts to sexual partner(s)

51. Herpes
What is it?
A viral infection

52. Herpes How do you get it? Sexual contact with someone who has herpes
Direct contact with a herpes sore, or discharge from a sore
Herpes can be spread a few days before a sore appears and for a week after the skin has healed
Some people may be contagious when they have no symptoms

53. Herpes What are the symptoms?
Painful blisters that break into open sores
Sores usually appear on or near the mouth, sex organs or rectum. They may be found on a woman’s cervix where she may not notice them
Sores will dry up and disappear in 5 to 21 days

54. Herpes How can you know for sure? Sores examined
Fluid may be taken from a sore and sent to a lab

55. Herpes How is it treated?
Once infected, the virus stays in your body. There is no known cure for herpes.
Acyclovir or Femviere is used to treat outbreaks or can be used continuously to prevent new outbreaks

56. Herpes What can happen if you have Herpes?
The sores will go away on their own but they can return, often when you are ill or under stress
If a woman has herpes sores when she gives birth, the infection can be passed to the baby, causing it serious illness or death
Can spread infection to sexual partner(s)

57. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
What is it?
A virus infection
HIV damages the body’s ability to fight disease and causes AIDS

58. AIDS
How do you get it?
Sexual contact with semen, blood or vaginal secretions of someone with HIV
Sharing unsterile I.V. needles
Transfusion of contaminated blood products
From a woman to her fetus during pregnancy

59. AIDS What are the symptoms? Constant fatigue
Unexplained fever, chills or night sweats
Unexplained weight loss greater than 10 pounds
Pink/purple flat or raised blotches on or under skin
Constant diarrhea
Persistent white spots in mouth
Dry cough, shortness of breath

60. AIDS How do you know for sure? Blood tests
Symptoms reviewed by a clinician
examination

61. AIDS How is it treated? There is no known cure for AIDS.
Treatments focus on the secondary infections which make the body unable to fight infection.

62. AIDS What can happen if you have AIDS?
People with AIDS can develop certain life-threatening infections which healthy people with functioning immune systems can ward off.
If a woman has AIDS she can pass the HIV virus to her fetus who can then develop AIDS
Can spread infection to sexual partner(s)

63. Molluscum Contagiosum
What is it?
A common disease of the skin caused by a virus.

64. Molluscum Contagiosum
How do you get it?
May be sexually transmitted or may occur by skin contact with someone else who has the virus

65. Molluscum Contagiosum
What are the symptoms?
Pearly, flesh colored, dome-shaped bumps on the skin
Usually do not hurt or itch
Can appear one week to six months after contact

66. Molluscum Contagiosum
How can you know for sure?
Bumps on skin are examined

67. Molluscum Contagiosum
How is it treated?
Burning them off with a caustic (acid) solution
Disappear by themselves after 9-12 months

68. Molluscum Contagiosum
What can happen if you have molluscum contagiosum?
It is a mild condition and not serious
It will eventually go away on its own without any after-effects
Can spread to sexual partner(s)