1. Roman Culture

2. Review of Classical Style Order Proportion Humanism Realism Idealism

4. Building an Empire

5. Appian Way Via Appia

6. Via Appia

7. Concrete Developed concrete by mixing pozzolane (a volcanic material) with rubble.

8. Aqueducts System included siphons, tunnels, filter tanks and bridges They still work 222 million gallons a day

9. Aqueducts

10. The Coliseum The Flavian Amphitheatre

11. The Coliseum

14. Circus Maximus

15. Roman Music

16. The Epitaph of Seikilos 1 st century CE Carved onto a tombstone skolion – drinking song “As long as you live, be lighthearted. Let nothing trouble you. Life is only too short, and time takes its toll.”

17. Roman Faces

18. Funerary portrait, painted mummy case, from Fayoum, Egypt, lifesize, Roman period. (Ny Carlsberg Glyptothek, Copenhagen):

19. Portrait of the Emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla), marble, 14.25" h, c. 217-230 A.D. (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York): Portrait of a Roman, marble, lifesize, c. 80 B.C. (Palazzo Torlonia, Rome)

20. Portrait of a Maiden, marble, c. 10.2" h, early Severan period, c. 193-200 A.D. (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York): Portrait of Marciana, marble, 12.25" h, Hadrianic period, c. 117-138 A.D. (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York):

21. Roman Architecture

22. Temple of Fortuna Virilis (Temple of Portunus)

23. Temple of Vesta

24. Trajan’s Column

25. The Pantheon

27. Giovanni Paolo Panini The Interior of the Pantheon Ca. 1734-1735 Oil on canvas

28. The Oculus

30. Pantheon

31. Roman Statuary

32. Commodus as Hercules

33. Octavian Roman, last decade of 1st century BCE found in Aegean Sea

34. Augustus Augustus of Prima Porta. Early 1st century CE. Marble, height 6’8”

36. Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius. c. 176 CE. Bronze, originally gilded, height 11’6”

37. Roman Baths

38. Bath, England

39. Roman Baths Hypocaust

40. What a person would do: Get undressed in the dressing room Oil themselves Begin exercising in the palestra (exercise ground) Then into the tepidarium (warm baths) Then into the caldarium (hot baths) After sitting in the steam the person would scrape off the oil To finish off the bath the person would take a plunge in cold water and get redressed A Day at the Bath

41. Roman Baths