1. The Missouri Compromise of 1850 Daniel Marku (10-2) ---- Project #30 CLICK ANYWHERE TO CONTINUE

2. INTRODUCTION SLIDE Welcome to Daniel Marku’s presentation on the Missouri Compromise of 1850 (#30). There are three chapters you can go through, with 1-3 lessons each. At any time, you can go back to the menu by clicking the red dot at the top of each slide. You can also click the arrow provided at the end of each lesson. Clicking random keys will present the slides in random order. For the sake of having an enjoyable time learning your history lesson, it is recommended you only click where and when you are supposed to. Have fun, and learn your lesson!

3. MAIN MENU CHAPTER 1: A HISTORY LESSON CHAPTER 2: THE COMPROMISE OF 1850 CHAPTER 3: THE EFFECT Rising TensionsThe 1820 Compromise CIVIL WAR ConflictsThe Five EnactmentsTerritorial Map DefinitionsBrief TimelineSources Relations to Other Movements

4. RELATIONS Kansas-Nebraska Act (#31): This act repealed the part of the Missouri Compromise. The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed popular sovereignty to decide whether Kansas or Nebraska would be free or slave states. The “Birth of the Republican Party” (#32): After the lands were divided following the Mexican-American War, the Missouri Compromise of 1820 laws were contradicted. This created discontent. After a fighting pro-slavery legislation, it started to become obvious that a new party to counter would need to be formed. South Carolina Secedes (#42): The Missouri Compromise was one of the many acts that angered South Carolina and caused them to be the first state to secede from the U.S. Back to Menu

5. Rising Tensions In the early 1800’s, the north and the south were battling over slave-related issues. The north consisted of many “FREE STATES,” while the south had the “SLAVE STATES.” “FREE STATES,” “SLAVE STATES.” In 1819, both sides reached a tipping point when Missouri asked to join the nation as a slave state, and the north wanted to add Maine to the Union as a free state. Back to Menu

6. The Compromise After much deliberation and close Senate/House vote results, Congress decided to create a line known as the Missouri Compromise Line, located at the southern border of Missouri ( 36 O 30’ NORTH ). Any lands above the line, excluding Missouri, would be free states. Any lands below the line would be considered slave states. 36 O 30’ NORTH Back to Menu

8. The Missouri Compromise of 1850… 1.Admitted California as a free state 2.Abolished slave trade 3.Organized the Territories of Texas and Utah under POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY 4.Passed a harsher Fugitive Slave Act 5.Forced Texas to give up its claimed land, and in return gave the state ten million dollars in compensation. IMPORTANT SLIDE!!! Back to Menu

9. Conflicts THE MEXICAN AMERICAN WAR After the Mexican-American War (1846-1848), the United States gained a lot of lands. A major issue arose from these new lands, on whether or not they should be free or slave states. Four years of fighting between the north and south almost began the civil war. Henry Clay, a senator from Kentucky, had an idea to preserve the peace and avoid war. Clay’s Fight

10. Henry Clay’s Fight for a Compromise Henry Clay Henry Clay was a senator from Kentucky, who thirty years before had passed the Missouri Compromise. However, this time, his ideas were not getting the popular vote. Opponent John Calhoun led the opposing fight, with democratic party at his side. Stephen Douglas In 1850, 70-year-old Clay had to give up the fight due to illness, and Stephen Douglas replaced him. He was also aided by President Millard Fillmore (President Zachory Taylor died). Douglas broke Clay’s ideas down, and had them passed by a small margin. The laws came into effect on September 20, 1850. Back to Menu

11. The Flaw of the 1850 Compromise The Compromise of 1850 might have been successful, if the fourth enactment, passing a harsher Fugitive Slave Law, was not passed. This harsher version forced any federal official who did not arrest a fugitive slave to pay a fine. Effects: ABOLITIONISTS increased efforts to go against slavery ABOLITIONISTS More slaves went through the UNDERGROUND RAILROAD to escape to Canada UNDERGROUND RAILROAD This, as well as the Kansas Nebraska Act (see Project 31), created strife and anger amongst the people of the north and south, and after various strikes, led to the Civil War Back to Menu

12. Definitions Free States – States in which slavery was illegal. Slave States – States that permitted the ownership and usage of slaves. 36 o 30 ’ North – A circle of latitude that is 36 and one-half degrees north of the equator of the Earth. Approximately runs across Missouri’s southern border. Popular Sovereignty – Government that is free from federal influences when determining their own domestic policies. Government “ruled by the people.” Abolitionist – A person who wanted to abolish slavery Underground Railroad – secret networks of routes and safe houses that aided escaping slaves andwas provided by abolitionists in the years before the American Civil War Back to Previous Slide

13. Brief Timeline 1819: Missouri asks to join the nation as a slave state To solve issues… 1820: Missouri Compromise: Line drawn at southern border of Missouri Any lands above were free states Any lands below were slave states (and Missouri) 1846-1848: Mexican-American War America gains land: Should they be free or slave states? 1850: Henry Clay tries to pass a new Missouri Compromise Passed on September 20, 1850.

14. Sources Secondary Sources "30d. The Compromise of 1850." The Compromise of 1850 [ushistory.org]. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013. "Compromise of 1850." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 26 Aug. 2013. Web. 31 Aug. 2013. "CongressLink." CongressLink RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013. PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013. "Primary Documents in American History." Compromise of 1850: Primary Documents of American History (Virtual Programs & Services, Library of Congress). N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013. Primary Sources Clay, Henry. "Appendix to the Congressional Globe." A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013. "Thirty-First Congress Sess.I. Ch.50." A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013. "Thirty-First Congress Sess.I. Ch.60." A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013.