1. For Life and Breath Path to Healthier Air: Toronto Air Pollution Burden of Illness Update Stephanie Gower Toronto Public Health Co-authors: Ronald Macfarlane, Marco Belmont, Kate Bassil, Monica Campbell May 1, 2014

2. Toronto and Toronto Public Health Toronto Public Health is the largest local public health agency in Canada Mandate: programs and services that contribute to the health and well-being of residents

3. What has changed in 10 years? Today2004

4. Health Impacts of Air Pollution Air pollution in Toronto from all sources currently gives rise to 1,300 premature deaths and 3,550 hospitalizations annually This represents a decrease of 23% in premature deaths and 41% in hospitalizations as compared with 2004 estimates

5. Health Impacts of Local Air Pollution Traffic is the most significant local source of air pollution and resulting burden of illness Other sources also contribute to the overall burden of illness from air pollution Prepared by: Toronto Public Health Premature Deaths Hospitalizations

6. Pyramid of Health Effects from Traffic-Related Air Pollution

7. Toronto Air Quality Over Time Most pollutants show steady decline since 2000 Levels since 2009 have stagnated or may be increasing

8. Actions make a Difference Photo: Hmvh1 Canada-Wide Standards for Particulate Matter and Ozone

9. Commuting Trends

10. Active Transportation

11. Heavy Truck Emissions

12. Highways Nitrogen Oxide levels across Toronto are especially high near major highways

13. Energy Efficiency Photos: Andreas Meck Gigantichound SimonP Emissions related to natural gas combustion are related to about 28% of premature deaths and 20% of hospitalizations arising from air pollution emitted with Toronto's borders

14. Industrial Emissions Air pollution from large industries contributes to 18% of premature deaths and 10% of hospitalizations from air pollution emitted within Toronto

15. Local Variation in Air Quality Burden of illness numbers are averages for Toronto Air Monitoring and Air Modelling are tools that can help provide information at the neighbourhood scale Photo: Martin Cathrae

16. Key Policy Recommendations Ontario to fund municipal transit and active transportation infrastructure to reduce air pollution emissions in Toronto and the GTHA; ensure that all Metrolinx "Big Move" projects incorporate safe infrastructure for pedestrians and cyclists to encourage travel that reduces air pollution emissions; the City of Toronto develop an urban freight strategy to improve efficiency and co-ordination of heavy-duty vehicles which often have high emissions; the City of Toronto explore design solutions to mitigate impacts of highway emissions on nearby residential areas; improve access to air monitoring equipment that can measure air pollution levels on and near roads by sharing costs with neighbouring municipalities and the provincial government.

17. Next Steps City Council May 6-7 2014 Provincial Election?

18. For more information sgower@toronto.ca www.toronto.ca/health/reports