2. Prosimians Prehistoric Cultures Tim Roufs’ section ©2009-2012

3. Introduction to Primtes... or how to make sense out of Ch. 6 and Ch. 7 of the text... Prehistoric Cultures Tim Roufs’ section ©2009

4. http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcprim.html#Prosimii

5. Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 101 Classification chart (after Linnaeus)

6. Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 101 Classification chart (after Linnaeus)

7. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Prosimians (pre-monkeys)

8. Taxonomy Prosimii tree shrew (insectivore) lemur loris tarsier Common NameSuborder Anthropoidea

9. Taxonomy Prosimii tree shrew (insectivore) Common NameSuborder

10. (Pen – Tailed) Tree Shrew, Borneo REM: the tree shrew is an insectivore not a primate S.E. Asia and Indonesia

11. Indonesia and Borneo Java Borneo Indonesia Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 133 Borneo Indonesia

12. (Pen – Tailed) Tree Shrew, Borneo REM: the tree shrew is an insectivore not a primate S.E. Asia and Indonesia sharp-clawed digits old fossil forms show flattened nails some are nocturnal about the size of a squirrel approximation of earliest phase in the evolution of primates

13. Pen – Tailed Tree Shrew, Borneo The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 20 p. 133

14. Taxonomy Prosimii tree shrew (insectivore) lemur Common NameSuborder

15. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Lemur

16. Geographical distribution of modern lemurs Madagascar Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 131

17. (Dwarf) Lemur, Madagascar size and appearance of a raccoon independently moveable ears mostly nocturnal approximate midpoint between insectivores and monkeys widespread during Eocene, and is of interest because of little change since Eocene –(36-58 million yrs. B.P.) most digits have flat nails rather than claws has uneven body temperature

18. (Dwarf) Lemur, Madagascar The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 12 p. 131

19. Ring-tailed lemur Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 132 p. 131

20. Sifakas in their native habitat in Madagascar Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 132 p. 131

22. Lemur, Madagascar p. 131

24. Taxonomy Prosimii tree shrew (insectivore) lemur loris Common NameSuborder

25. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Loris

26. Loris Malaysia, S.E. Asia

27. Java Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 133 Malaysia

28. Loris Malaysia, S.E. Asia nocturnal large eyes feeds largely on insects, birds, and bird’s eggs strong hands backbone has more vertebrae than any other primate

29. Loris, Loris, Malaysia The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 29 p. 133

30. Slow loris p. 126 Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 132 p. 133

31. Taxonomy Prosimii tree shrew (insectivore) lemur loris –bush baby Common NameSuborder

32. Galago, or “bush baby” (Lorisiforme) Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 132 p. 133

33. Taxonomy Prosimii tree shrew (insectivore) lemur loris –bush baby tarsier Common NameSuborder

34. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Tarsier

35. Java Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 133 Malaysia Indonesia Borneo Java Geographical distribution of modern tarsiers

36. Tarsier North central Indonesia extreme development of tarsal bones smaller than lemur, about the size of a rat small nose, large goggly eyes at least 25 genera in Eocene times (36-58 million yrs. B.P.) –today there is only one arboreal nocturnal 180 degree head swivel

37. Tarsier, Tarsier, Indonesia The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 23 p. 133

38. Tarsier Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 133 p. 133

39. Primates Earliest primates = Prosimians (pre-monkeys)

40. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Prosimians

41. A Primate Family Tree The Emergence of Humankind, 4th ed., p. 64

42. New World Monkeys Old World Monkeys ca. 50 mya

43. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Next: Monkeys