1. Reform Movements

2. Religious Influence on Social Movements Second Great Awakening 1.Brought more denominations 2.Intensify the lines between classes & regions 3.Spawned many of the humanitarian reform movements en.wikipedia.org http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/exhibits/1857/before/lee.htm

3. Today’s Warm-Up: Four-Tab Foldable 1. Fold paper hotdog style. 2. Fold paper Hamburger style two times. 3. Unfold and re-fold as shown in the diagram. 4. Cut each of the upper folds as shown. 5. Label each flap and place corresponding information inside the flap as directed in the assignment. 6. Cut here to create four separate tabs, two on each side. Needed today: spiral, writing utensil, red pen and scissors!

4. Abolition Movement Leaders: 1.Quakers 2.William Lloyd Garrison 3.Frederick Douglass 4.Harriet Tubman 5.Harriet Beecher Stowe 6.Republican Party 7.Angelina & Sarah Grimke 8.Lucretia Mott 9.Sojourner Truth ils.unc.edu Truth & Lincoln ed101.bu.edu Harriet Tubman

5. Abolition Movement cont. Problem: North & South disagreed on the issue of slavery Solution(s)/Contributions: 1.Movement to abolish slavery in the U.S. began in the late 1700s 2.Quakers established as the first anti-slavery society in the U.S. 3.Garrison published The Liberator. 4.Douglass published The North Star, leading African American, great orator lawrence.edu William Lloyd Garrison msu.edu

6. Abolition Movement cont. Solutions continued: 5.Stowe wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin, moved U.S. towards the end of slavery. 6.Tubman led thousands of slaves to escape to Northern states and Canada using the Underground Railroad. 7.Truth spoke about the abolition of slavery prior to the Civil War. etc.usf.edu

7. Labor Leaders: Labor Unions Problems: Children were hurt or killed in factories by machines. Immigrants and women were often not paid for their work. Solution: Labor unions attempted to improve the working conditions and wages of employees. Child labor was a main concern of this movement. stace092003.edu.glogster.com Women fought for worker’s rights & was able to get a 10 hour day.

8. Leaders: Horace Mann, Emma Willard, & Mary Lyon Problems: Women, children, and poor people were often not given the opportunity to receive an education. They were often forced to perform unskilled labor. Solution(s)/Contributions: 1.Tax-supported public schools (primarily in the North), institutions of higher learning began 2.Mann believed education was society’s “great equalizer”, from Massachusetts—better pay & curriculum, longer school year 3.Emma Willard founded first women’s college (Troy Female Seminary) Public Education http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/ww/images /ewillard.gif Horace Mann http://www.msp.umb.edu/primary materials/afam/mann.jpg

9. Religious Leaders: Mormons, Brigham Young, Joseph Smith Problems: Angry mobs would burn their crops, destroy their homes and threatened to kill everyone in the community Solution: Mormons moved together to Salt Lake City, Utah to practice their religion freely, largest single migration to the west Brigham Young http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/42 00/4273/young_3_md.gif www.geog.nau.edu/.../text/chapters/ch9.html

10. Temperance Leaders: Religious leaders such as Lyman Beecher, women Problem: Religious leaders and women argued that alcohol destroyed families, led to violence and crime, kept people in poverty, and ruined productivity Solution: This movement gained some support for controlling the sale of alcohol at the state level. Some states passed laws that made it illegal to sell alcohol. http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/ photos/assets/photos/1144.jpg

11. Treatment of Jailed, Mentally Ill, & Disabled Leaders: Dorothea Dix, Elizabeth Blackwell, Samuel Gridley How, & Thomas Gallaudet Problem: Mentally ill, disabled, and jailed people were treated like criminals and discarded by society. Solution(s)/Contributions: 1.Dix started mental hospitals. 2.Blackwell was the first female doctor. 3.Gallaudet founded the American School for the Deaf. 4.Pushed for separate jails for women, men & children. 5.Called for the mission of prisons was to rehabilitate. Dorothea Dix http://www.lib.niu.edu/1995/ii9506263.jpg

12. Women’s Rights Leaders: Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Sojourner Truth, & Lucretia Mott Problem: Conservatives did not support women’s suffrage because they believed it would break up the family and be a downfall to womanhood. The women organized the 1 st convention of the women’s movement in Seneca Falls. Approved the “Declaration of Sentiments”. Women gained some rights (education), did not have legal equality http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~ulric h/RHE309/vicfembios/images/ec stanton80yrnmore.gif http://hulshofschmidt.files.wordpress. com/2011/01/lucretia-mott.jpg Lucretia Mott Elizabeth Cady Stanton: leader Susan B. Anthony: spokeperson

13. Henry David Thoreau http://jpetrie.myweb.uga.edu/thoreau.gif Emily Dickinson http://students.nebrwesleyan.edu/ students/kclark/tpac/dickinson.jpg http://hoodmuseum.dartmouth.edu/i mages/collections/D200352big.jpg Painting by Audubon