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Notes les 5-6 mars Les pronoms y et en
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Le pronom y The pronoun y replaces a previously mentioned phrase that begins with the prepositions à, chez, dans, en or sur. It is placed in front of the conjugated verb. It often corresponds to the English “there”. Est-ce que tu vas au cinéma ce soir? Are you going to the movies tonight? Oui, j’ y vais avec Paul. Yes, I’m going ( there ) with Paul. Est-ce que vous êtes chez les voisins? Are you at the neighbors’ house? Oui, nous y sommes. Yes, we are ( there ).
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Le pronom en The pronoun en replaces phrases that begin with de, du, de la, de l’ or des. It means some, of it, of them or any. Tu veux du lait? Do you want (some) milk? -Oui, j’ en veux. Yes, I want some. Tu veux du sucre? Do you want (some) sugar? -Non, je n’ en veux pas. No, I don’t want any.
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Never omit y and en even when the equivalent words can be omitted in English. Ils vont à l’hôpital. Est-ce que vous y allez aussi? They’re going to the hospital.Are you going ( there ), too? Est-ce qu’elle prend de la pizza? Non, elle n’ en prend pas. Is she having any pizza?No, she’s not (having any ).
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Always use en with a number or expression of quantity when the noun is omitted. Combien de sœurs as-tu?J’ en ai trois. How many sisters do you have?I have three ( of them ) Combien de papier a-t-il acheté?Il en a acheté beaucoup. How much paper did he buy?He bought a lot ( of it ).
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As with object pronouns, y and en precede infinitives. Quand veux-tu aller chez ton copain? Je veux y aller ce week-end. When do you want to go to your friend’s house? I want to go (there) this weekend. Tu vas prendre du gâteau? Non, je ne vais pas en prendre. Are you going to have some cake? No, I’m not going to have any.
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When giving an affirmative tu command, add an s to any –er verb followed by y or en. Est-ce que je peux aller aux toilettes? Oui, vas- y. Can I go to the bathroom ? Yes, go ( there ). Il y a des raisins sur la table. Manges- en ! There are some grapes on the table. Eat some !
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When used with other pronouns, y and en come after the other pronouns. Je lui en ai parlé ce matin. I spoke to him about it this morning.
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When commands are followed by moi or toi, y and en combine to form m’y, t’y, m’en and t’en. Ces pommes sont délicieuses. Donnez- m’en dix. These apples are delicious. Give me ten ( of them ).
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When y and en are used together, y comes before en. Est-ce qu’il y a du fromage ? Oui, il y en a. Is there any cheese ? Yes, there’s some.
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