1. Rigging, Signals, Power Line Safety & Assembly / Disassembly in Construction Safety Standard WAC
This presentation is intended to “summarize” the New Crane Safety Rules. The new rules incorporate ~270 pages and quite a few rules are unchanged. Rigging was “pulled” over from Part F. Power Line and Personnel Lifting rules are much stronger.
I think you may conclude in the end that many circumstances might be better addressed by a Crane Safety CSHO. Please refer!
Chuck Lemon
Crane Safety Manager

2. Topics to be Covered Crane Requirements for Const. Activities
Rigging & Signal Person
Part L Changes
Power Line Requirements
Assembly / Disassembly

3. Operator Certification Crane Types
Part L
Phase 1- Effective January 1, 2010 (Crane Safety Rule)
Crane Certification
Operator Certification
Crane Types
Includes: Mobile, Articulating, Tower cranes when used in the construction industry
Construction Industry
Annual Certification
Accredited Crane Certifier
Valid operator’s certificate
Operating hours and Crane related experience
LBC, LBT, TLL, TSS, ABC, ABL, ABW, Tower (Hammerhead, Luffer, Self-Erecting) or Overhead (Cab Operated or Pendant/Remote), Derricks.

4. 296-155-Part L Cranes Included (performing construction activities)
Mobile Cranes Crawler Cranes
Lattice Boom Hydraulic Telescoping Boom
Articulating Rough Terrain Cranes
Tower Cranes Self Erecting Tower Cranes
Derricks Digger Derricks
Exempt (crane certification and operator certification)
Cranes <2000 # capacity Backhoes
Automobile Wreckers Pump Hoists
Forklifts Dedicated Drilling Rig
Permanently installed overhead/bridge cranes

5. Washington State Crane Rule
Phase 2- Effective February 1, 2012
WAC , Safety Standards for Construction Workers, Part L
As effective as OSHA
Incorporated Latest ASME Requirements for Slings and Rigging Hardware
270 pages

6. 296-155 Part L Table of Contents (Reader’s Digest Version)
Crane certification
Crane proof load testing-requirements
Crane certifier qualifications and accreditation
Crane Operator qualifications and certification
Signals and Signal person qualifications
Rigging and Rigger qualifications
Crane inspection and operational requirement
Duties of assigned personnel
Assembly/disassembly
Mobile, Tower, Articulating Overhead cranes , and Derricks
Wire Rope Inspections
Power line safety
Training
Safety devices and Operational aids
Personnel lifting requirements
Rigging and rigging hardware
Housekeeping – moved rigging from Part F to Part L.

7. Signal Persons Qualifications 296-155-53302

8. Signal Person (Required as of Feb 1, 2012)
This applies to construction activities which involve cranes, derricks, and powered industrial trucks which have been configured to hoist and lower by means of a winch or hook
A Qualified Signal Person is required when:
Point of operation is not in full view of operator
View of direction of travel is obstructed
Site specific safety concerns which the operator or person handling the load determines it necessary
working near energized power lines and a dedicated spotter is used, this spotter must also be a qualified signal person
A Qualified Signal Person is a signal person who meets the requirements of WAC

9. Signal Person Qualifications
Qualification Requirements:
Know and understand the type(s) of signals which will be used
Competent in the application of the type of signals used
Have a basic understanding of equipment operation and limitations, crane dynamics, and boom deflection

10. Signal Person Qualifications As of February 1st, 2012
Qualification Requirements:
Verbal or written test
AND practical test
Documentation from qualified evaluator must be on site
A Third Party Qualified Evaluator
An Employer Qualified Evaluator
Employer qualification is not portable

11. Qualified Rigger ( )

12. What did the Rule say Before?
WAC Qualified person – Rigging. Qualified person – A person who, by possession of a recognized degree or certificate of professional standing, or who, by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter. Also has authorization or authority by the nature of their position to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. The person shall be knowledgeable in the requirements of this part.

13. Riggers (cont’d) Qualification Requirements:
Know and understand the requirements of applicable ASME standards (such as B30.9,Slings and B30.26, Rigging Hardware)
Know and understand the type of sling and hitches used including removal criteria for rigging gear
Be competent in the application of the type of hitches used

14. Riggers (cont’d) Qualification Requirements:
Basic understanding of the applicable slings, rigging hardware, winch, below-the-hook lifting devices and their limitations
Know and understand rigging related conditions, such as load weight estimation, center of gravity, effect of angles on rigging components and basic hand signals, as applicable.

15. Riggers (cont’d) Qualification Documents: (July 31, 2012) Changed to:
(February 1, 2013)
Written and Practical test
Documentation from qualified evaluator must be on site
A Third Party Qualified Evaluator
An Employer Qualified Evaluator
Employer's qualification is not portable

16. Qualified Rigger When required:
During hoisting activities while Assembling or Disassembling a crane or derrick
Whenever workers are :
Hooking, unhooking, guiding the load or
in the initial connection of a load to a component or structure and are within the fall zone
This applies to all construction material handling activities, including cranes, derricks, powered industrial trucks, excavators, backhoes , loaders, come-a-longs, chain falls, etc. The Department is looking at developing a separate set of requirements for Material Handling not involving Cranes.

17. Qualified Riggers and Signal Persons
The employer must make the documentation for whichever option is used available at the site while the rigger or signal person is employed by the employer.
The documentation must specify each type of rigging and signaling type
The documentation must specify each type of signaling
Sample Documentation
Qualified Rigger________________________________
Date _______________________
Rigging Type:
Chain Slings
Wire Rope
Synthetic
Metal Mesh
Rigging Hardware:
Shackles
Turnbuckles
Eye Bolts
Wire Rope Clips
Third Party Evaluator __________________________
Employer Evaluator ___________________________
Evaluator Signature___________________________
Evaluator Company____________________________
Qualified Signal Person__________________________
Date _______________________
Signaling Type:
Voice
Hand
Radio
Other_______________
Crane Type:
Mobile
Tower
Articulating
Overhead
Third Party Evaluator _________________________
Employer Evaluator ___________________________
Evaluator Signature ___________________________
Evaluator Company____________________________

18. Power Line Safety

19. Power Line Safety Requirements
If the crane, load, or rigging could get closer than 20/50 feet to an energized power line there are new safety requirements which apply. 
If the crane, load, or rigging can not get closer than 20/50 feet to the power line even if the crane is operated at its maximum working radius, the 20/50-foot requirement is satisfied.
Minimum approach distance:
Up to 350kv 20 Feet
Over 350KV 50 Feet

20. Power Line Safety Requirements (Part L before 2/1/2012)
For energized power lines rated at or below 50kV the minimum approach distance shall be 10 ft.
For lines rated over 50 kV., minimum clearance between the lines and any part of the crane or load shall be 10 feet plus 0.4 inch for each 1 kV. over 50 kV., or twice the length of the line insulator, but never less than 10 feet

21. Power Line Safety Requirements (Table 4)
Minimum Clearance Distances Table
Voltage Minimum clearance distance
up to 50 (kV) 10 (feet)
over 50 to
over 200 to
over 345 to
over 500 to
over 750 to 1,
That was easy

22. Power Line Safety Requirements
Identify the Work Zone
Define the work zone by demarcating boundaries such as flags, or a device such as a range limit device or a range control warning device and prohibiting the operator from operating past those boundaries.
Note Flags

23. If the crane or load COULD get closer than 20/50 feet of Power Lines in the Work Zone
Crane operations near power lines, use one of 3 Options
Option 1 - Deenergize & Ground Power lines
Option 2 - Maintain 20/50 foot clearance
Option 3 - Obtain power line voltage from Utility Owner/Operator and ensure the crane or rigging does not get closer than the distances listed in Table 4

24. Power Line Safety Requirements
Options 2 and 3 require the following:
Conduct a planning meeting with crane operator, & all workers who will be in the area of crane & load
This meeting must address the location of the power lines and the steps that will be implemented to prevent encroachment-electrocution
If tag lines are used they must be nonconductive
Erect elevated warning line, barricade, or line of signs, in view of the operator, equipped with flags or similar high-visibility markings
(opt 2 = 20/50 feet; opt 3 = Table 4)

25. Nonconductive
Nonconductive means that, because of the nature and condition of the materials used, and the conditions of use (including environmental conditions and condition of the material), the object in question has the property of not becoming energized (that is, it has high dielectric properties offering a high resistance to the passage of current under the conditions of use).

26. Power Line Safety Requirements
Options 2 and 3 also requires at least one of the following:
Proximity Alarm *
Dedicated Spotter that is also a “Qualified Signal Person”
Range Control Warning Device
Range Movement Limiter
Insulating Link *
* Currently, Proximity alarms and Insulating Links do not meet the National Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL) requirements.

27. Power Line Safety Requirements
If Dedicated Spotter is used, 5 rqmt. must be met:
Spotter must be in continuous contact with operator
Be equipped with a visual aid to assist in identifying minimum clearance distance
Examples of visual aid include: Clearly visible line painted on ground, clearly visible line of stations, line-of-site landmarks (such as a fence post and building corner)

28. Power Line Safety Requirements
If Dedicated Spotter is used cont.:
Be positioned to effectively gauge the clearance distance
Where necessary, use equipment that enables spotter to communicate directly with operator, such as radio or telephone
Give timely information to the operator so that the required clearance distance can be maintained

29. Could you get within 20 feet of a power line?
YES NO
Option #1 Deenergize & Ground
No Further Action
Encroachment Prevention Measures
Option #2
20-foot Clearance
Planning Meeting
If Tag Lines are Used, They Must be Nonconductive
Elevated Warning Lines, Barricades, or Line of Signs
PLUS (Choose One):
Proximity Alarm*, Spotter, Range Control Warning Device, Range Limiter, or Insulating Link*
Option #3
Ask Utility for Voltage and
Use Table 4
(with minimum clearance distance)
When assembly / disassembly could get within 20 foot of a power line either;
Shut off and ground
Maintain the 20’ clearance including the meeting, non-conductive taglines insulators etc plus
A proximity alarm, dedicated spotter, warning device or insulating link
Or verify with utility exact voltage and use a table for safe distances

30. Operation INSIDE Table 4
ALL of the following MUST be met: (41 items)
Notify Crane Safety Program at L&I
(360) or
Employer determines it is infeasible to perform job without breaching minimum approach distances
After consultation with utility owner/operator it is determined infeasible to deenergize & ground power lines or relocate the power lines

31. Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.
Power Line owner/operator determines the minimum clearance distance
Hold a planning meeting with utility owner/operator to determine the procedures to be followed in order to prevent electrical contact – procedures must include:
Deactivation of device that automatically reenergizes circuit in event of power line contact
Employ a dedicated spotter – Spotter must:

32. Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.
Be equipped with a visual aid to assist in identifying the minimum clearance distance
Be positioned to effectively gauge clearance distance
Use equipment that enables the dedicated spotter to communicate directly with the operator
Give timely information to the operator
Dedicated spotter must be a Qualified Signal Person (see WAC )

33. Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.
Have an elevated warning line in view of the operator with high-visibility flags
Use an insulating link* installed at a point between the end of the load line and the load
All employees who may come into contact with the equipment must wear gloves rated for the voltage involved
Use nonconductive rigging

34. Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.
Use range limiter (if equipped) that is set to prevent breaching minimum clearance distance
If tag line is used it must be nonconductive
Barricade a perimeter at least 10 feet away from crane to prevent unauthorized entry
Employees must be prohibited from touching the load line above the insulating link

35. Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.
Only essential employees are permitted in the area of the crane and load
The crane must be properly grounded
Insulating line hose or cover-up must be installed by the utility owner/operator
Procedures are documented and available on-site
The following personnel must meet with the utility owner/operator to discuss procedures:

36. Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.
Crane user, crane operator, ALL workers that will be in the area of the crane or load
Employer must ensure procedures are implemented
Employer must identify one person who will direct the implementation of the procedures
If a problem occurs implementing the procedures or it is found that the procedures are inadequate, new procedures must be developed or deenergize power lines

37. Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.
All safety devices, operational aids must meet manufacturer’s procedures for use
The employer must train each employee and crew member assigned to work with the crane as follows:
Procedures to be followed to prevent electrical contact
Information regarding the danger of electrocution from the operator simultaneously touching the crane and ground

38. Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.
The importance of the operator remaining inside the cab except where imminent danger of fire, explosion, or other emergency that necessitates leaving the cab
The safest means of evacuating from the crane that may be energized
The danger of potentially energized zone around the crane (step potential)
The need for crew in the area to avoid approaching or touching the crane or load

39. Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.
Safe clearance distance from power lines
Power lines are presumed energized unless utility owner/operator confirms them insulated
The limitations of an insulating link, proximity alarm, and range control device
The procedures to be followed to properly ground crane and limitations of grounding

40. Power Line Safety
Crane assembly/disassembly below energized power lines is prohibited.
Crane assembly/disassembly inside Table 4 is prohibited.

41. Forklift W/O attachment
Non-Exempt Crane
Crane Exempt
Excavator
W /rigging
Excavator W/O rigging
Forklift W/O attachment
Forklift W hook winch
Crane Certification
Yes
N/A
EXEMPT
Follow
Operator Certification
**Qualified Rigger **
53306
When Required
(1)
**Qualified Signal Person **
53302
(1)
Power Line Part L
Applicable
Power Line Part I
RECAP Slide
MUST be CONSTRUCTION!

42. Qualified Rigger (Part L 53306) Qualified Signal Person (Part L 53302)
Power Lines
Part L or Part I
Operator Certification
Equipment Certification
Operator Certification
Qualified Rigger (Part L 53306) ?
Qualified Signal Person (Part L 53302) ?

43. Qualified Rigger (Part L 53306) Qualified Signal Person (Part L 53302)
Power Lines
Part L or Part I
Operator Certification
Equipment Certification
Qualified Rigger (Part L 53306) ?
Qualified Signal Person (Part L 53302) ?
863

44. Responsibilities: Duties of Assigned Personnel
Crane Owner: has custodial control of the crane by virtue of lease or ownership
Crane User: arranges the crane’s presence on a worksite and controls its use there
Site Supervisor: exercises supervisory control over the work site on which a crane is being used and over the work that is being performed on that site
Lift Director: directly oversees the work being performed by a crane and the associated rigging crew
Crane Operator: directly controls the crane’s function
155 defines roles/responsibilities of key “players” now.
An owner is not necessarily responsible for exposure to power line on site (example) BUT MAY BE IF they fill another role.
Often the FIRST stop in determining responsibility or DUTY is
Crane Owner:
Has custodial control of a crane by virtue of lease or ownership.
Crane User:
Arranges the crane's presence on a worksite and controls its use there.
Site Supervisor:
Exercises supervisory control over the worksite on which a crane is being used and over the work that is being performed on that site.
Lift Director:
Directly oversees the work being performed by a crane and the associated rigging crew.
Crane Operator:
Directly controls the crane's functions.

45. Assembly/Disassembly

46. Assembly/Disassembly
Crane assembly or disassembly must be controlled by an Assembly/Disassembly (A/D) Director
Must comply with:
Manufacturer procedures, or
Employer procedures, which must be developed by a qualified person.
A/D supervisor can be one person however if it is then he/she must meet the requirements of BOTH qualified & competent person. It can also be a competent person working along side with a qualified person.
The A/D must not only understand the procedures but a clear requirement is there that he / she must have reviewed them prior to starting assembly.
The A/D is also responsible for ensuring that workers are briefed on their tasks and anticipated hazards prior to work starting.
This is the first of two sections that require a “Qualified Rigger” Prior to this the only place a “qualified rigger was req’d was in steel erection. The ANSI A10.42 standard can provide CSHO guidance as to what all is entailed in being a “Qualified rigger”
If outriggers are used there is a requirement that be either fully deployed or set up according to a load chart, no more operator opinion.
Employer Procedures
Developed by a qualified person
Designed to:
• Prevent unintended dangerous movement to prevent collapse
• Provide adequate support and stability during A/D process
• Minimize employee exposure to unintended movement or collapse

47. Assembly/Disassembly
Preassembly inspection.
Prior to assembling crane components or attachments the A/D director must visually inspect the components and attachments to ensure:
Sound physical condition
Meet manufacturer’s recommendations
Functional per manufacturer's recommendations
Documentation of this inspection must remain at the job site while the crane/derrick is in use.
A/D supervisor can be one person however if it is then he/she must meet the requirements of BOTH qualified & competent person. It can also be a competent person working along side with a qualified person.
The A/D must not only understand the procedures but a clear requirement is there that he / she must have reviewed them prior to starting assembly.
The A/D is also responsible for ensuring that workers are briefed on their tasks and anticipated hazards prior to work starting.
This is the first of two sections that require a “Qualified Rigger” Prior to this the only place a “qualified rigger was req’d was in steel erection. The ANSI A10.42 standard can provide CSHO guidance as to what all is entailed in being a “Qualified rigger”
If outriggers are used there is a requirement that be either fully deployed or set up according to a load chart, no more operator opinion.

48. Assembly/Disassembly Procedures
Assembly/Disassembly procedures must address:
Ways to prevent unintended dangerous movement or collapse of any part of the equipment;
Adequate support and stability of all parts of the equipment; and
Positioning employees involved in the assembly/disassembly operation that will minimize their exposure to unintended movement or collapse of the equipment.
The A/D director must follow any manufacturer prohibitions that apply to the assembly/disassembly operation.
A/D supervisor can be one person however if it is then he/she must meet the requirements of BOTH qualified & competent person. It can also be a competent person working along side with a qualified person.
The A/D must not only understand the procedures but a clear requirement is there that he / she must have reviewed them prior to starting assembly.
The A/D is also responsible for ensuring that workers are briefed on their tasks and anticipated hazards prior to work starting.
This is the first of two sections that require a “Qualified Rigger” Prior to this the only place a “qualified rigger was req’d was in steel erection. The ANSI A10.42 standard can provide CSHO guidance as to what all is entailed in being a “Qualified rigger”
If outriggers are used there is a requirement that be either fully deployed or set up according to a load chart, no more operator opinion.

49. Assembly/Disassembly Director
Crane assembly or disassembly must be controlled by an Assembly/Disassembly Director.
An assembly/disassembly director is an individual who meets the criteria for both a competent person and a qualified person, or by a competent person who is assisted by one or more qualified persons.
The A/D director must know & understand the applicable assembly/disassembly procedures. 
The Assembly/Disassembly supervisor is responsible for addressing these plus:

50. Assembly/Disassembly Director
The A/D director must ensure that the crew members understand all of the following:
Their tasks
The hazards associated with their tasks
The hazardous positions & locations that they need to avoid
The Assembly/Disassembly supervisor is responsible for addressing these plus:

51. Assembly/Disassembly Director
Assembly/Disassembly Director must cover 12 Key Hazards with their crew:
Adequate site and ground conditions
Sufficient blocking for load and stability
Suitable boom and jib pick points
Identify center of gravity
Stability for pin removal
Consider wind speed and weather
The Assembly/Disassembly supervisor is responsible for addressing these plus:

52. Assembly/Disassembly Director
12 Key Hazards (continued):
The suitability of blocking material
Verification of the loads for assist cranes
Snagging of cables or components
Struck by counterweights
Boom hoist brake failure
Loss of backwards stability

53. Personnel Lifting Platforms 296-155-547
20 Pages
Personnel Lift Design
Personnel Lifting Hoisting Equipment
Crane Derrick Requirements
Inspections (Platform and Cranes)
Lift proof Load Tests
Trial Lift
Crane Operation Requirements
Employer’s Responsibilities
Personnel Lift Supervisor’s Responsibilities
Lifting Personnel

54. Rigging 296-155-556 - 562 70 Pages Slings Includes Chain Wire Rope
Metal Mesh
Synthetic Rope Slings, Web Slings, Round Slings
Includes
Design
Maintenance & Repair
Testing
Use

55. Rigging 296-155-556 - 562 Rigging Hardware Includes Design
Shackles
Turnbuckles
Eyebolts & Eye Nuts
Swivel Hoist Rings
Wire Rope Clips
Wedge Sockets
Includes
Design
Maintenance & Repair
Testing
Operation

56. Rigging 296-155-556 - 562 Lifting Device by Types Includes
Structural & Mechanical Lifters
Vacuum Lifters
Lifting Magnets
Grapples
Includes
Design
Maintenance & Repair
Testing
Operation

57. Questions?
Chuck Lemon