1. Chapter 32: Optical Images
Section 32-1: Mirrors, and Concept Checks 32-1 to 32-3

2. An observer sees multiple images of Ben reflected in two plane mirrors
An observer sees multiple images of Ben reflected in two plane mirrors. All of these images are
equidistant from the intersection of the two mirrors.
equidistant from the object, Ben.
equidistant from the observer.
between Ben and the observer.
to the right of Mirror 2 and above Mirror 1.

3. An observer sees multiple images of Ben reflected in two plane mirrors
An observer sees multiple images of Ben reflected in two plane mirrors. All of these images are
equidistant from the intersection of the two mirrors.
equidistant from the object, Ben.
equidistant from the observer.
between Ben and the observer.
to the right of Mirror 2 and above Mirror 1.

4. Which images of himself can Ben see?
P1’, P2’ and P12”
P1’ and P2’ only
P1’ and P12” only
P1’ only
P2’ only

5. Which images of himself can Ben see?
P1’, P2’ and P12”
P1’ and P2’ only
P1’ and P12” only
P1’ only
P2’ only

6. What is the radius of curvature of a plane mirror?
zero
infinity
it is equal to the length of the mirror

7. What is the radius of curvature of a plane mirror?
zero
infinity
it is equal to the length of the mirror

8. What is the minimum height of a plane mirror in which a standing woman can see her entire body reflected?
It must equal her height.
It must be one-half her height.
It depends on how far from the mirror the woman stands.

9. What is the minimum height of a plane mirror in which a standing woman can see her entire body reflected?
It must equal her height.
It must be one-half her height.
It depends on how far from the mirror the woman stands.

10. When you look at the image reflected from two plane mirrors placed at 90, the image
is real.
is inverted.
does not change handedness.
is compressed in the vertical direction.
None of the above statements is true.

11. When you look at the image reflected from two plane mirrors placed at 90, the image
is real.
is inverted.
does not change handedness.
is compressed in the vertical direction.
None of the above statements is true.

12. The technical name for the type of image formed by a single plane mirror is
a real image.
an inverted image.
an enlarged image.
a focal image.
a virtual image.

13. The technical name for the type of image formed by a single plane mirror is
a real image.
an inverted image.
an enlarged image.
a focal image.
a virtual image.

14. An object is placed between two mirrors set at an angle to each other
An object is placed between two mirrors set at an angle to each other. The location of the image of the object in mirror 1 is shown in the figure. Which label shows the location of the image of that image in mirror 2?

15. An object is placed between two mirrors set at an angle to each other
An object is placed between two mirrors set at an angle to each other. The location of the image of the object in mirror 1 is shown in the figure. Which label shows the location of the image of that image in mirror 2?

16. Two plane mirrors make an angle of 120° as shown
Two plane mirrors make an angle of 120° as shown. An object is placed at O. When the eye is placed at E, it will observe images formed at
1 and 2
2 and 3
3 and 4
1 and 4
1 and 3

17. Two plane mirrors make an angle of 120° as shown
Two plane mirrors make an angle of 120° as shown. An object is placed at O. When the eye is placed at E, it will observe images formed at
1 and 2
2 and 3
3 and 4
1 and 4
1 and 3

18. A point object P is placed before two mirrors at right angles as shown
A point object P is placed before two mirrors at right angles as shown. Images of the object are formed only at positions
1, 2, and 3
2, 3, and 4
3, 4, and 5
2 and 4
1, 3, and 5

19. A point object P is placed before two mirrors at right angles as shown
A point object P is placed before two mirrors at right angles as shown. Images of the object are formed only at positions
1, 2, and 3
2, 3, and 4
3, 4, and 5
2 and 4
1, 3, and 5

20. When an object is closer to a convex mirror than the mirror's focal length, the
magnification is less than one.
image distance is greater than the object distance.
image is real.
image is inverted.
All of these are correct.

21. When an object is closer to a convex mirror than the mirror's focal length, the
magnification is less than one.
image distance is greater than the object distance.
image is real.
image is inverted.
All of these are correct.

22. When an object is closer to a concave mirror than the mirror's focal point, the
magnification is less than one.
image distance is greater than the object distance.
image distance is negative.
image is inverted.
All of these are correct.

23. When an object is closer to a concave mirror than the mirror's focal point, the
magnification is less than one.
image distance is greater than the object distance.
image distance is negative.
image is inverted.
All of these are correct.

24. When an object is farther from a convex mirror than the mirror's focal length, the
magnification is less than one.
image distance is greater than the object distance.
image is real.
image is inverted.
All of these are correct.

25. When an object is farther from a convex mirror than the mirror's focal length, the
magnification is less than one.
image distance is greater than the object distance.
image is real.
image is inverted.
All of these are correct.

26. When an object is farther from a concave mirror than twice the mirror's focal length, the
magnification is less than one.
image is inverted.
image distance is less than the object distance.
image is real.
All of these are correct.

27. When an object is farther from a concave mirror than twice the mirror's focal length, the
magnification is less than one.
image is inverted.
image distance is less than the object distance.
image is real.
All of these are correct.

28. The parallel rays incident on the surface of the concave spherical mirror in the figure converge to which point?

29. The parallel rays incident on the surface of the concave spherical mirror in the figure converge to which point?

30. The image of an object located 10 cm from a concave spherical mirror of radius 10 cm is
real, inverted, and magnified.
real, inverted, and diminished.
real, inverted, and the same size.
virtual, erect, and magnified.
virtual, erect, and diminished.

31. The image of an object located 10 cm from a concave spherical mirror of radius 10 cm is
real, inverted, and magnified.
real, inverted, and diminished.
real, inverted, and the same size.
virtual, erect, and magnified.
virtual, erect, and diminished.

32. The image of an object, placed in front of a spherical convex mirror as shown, forms between
O and V and is magnified.
V and F and is magnified.
V and F and is diminished.
F and C and is diminished.
F and C and is magnified.

33. The image of an object, placed in front of a spherical convex mirror as shown, forms between
O and V and is magnified.
V and F and is magnified.
V and F and is diminished.
F and C and is diminished.
F and C and is magnified.

34. Two parallel rays are incident on a concave spherical mirror whose center of curvature is at C. After being reflected, the two rays cross at which point?

35. Two parallel rays are incident on a concave spherical mirror whose center of curvature is at C. After being reflected, the two rays cross at which point?

36. An object is located 3 cm from the surface of a silvered spherical glass Christmas tree ornament that is 3 cm in diameter. The image forms at which labeled point?

37. An object is located 3 cm from the surface of a silvered spherical glass Christmas tree ornament that is 3 cm in diameter. The image forms at which labeled point?

38. An object is placed between 2f and infinity in front of a concave mirror of focal length f. The image is located
behind the mirror, between 2f and the mirror.
behind the mirror, between 2f and infinity.
in front of the mirror, between the mirror and f.
in front of the mirror, between f and the center of curvature.
in front of the mirror, between the center of curvature and infinity.

39. An object is placed between 2f and infinity in front of a concave mirror of focal length f. The image is located
behind the mirror, between 2f and the mirror.
behind the mirror, between 2f and infinity.
in front of the mirror, between the mirror and f.
in front of the mirror, between f and the center of curvature.
in front of the mirror, between the center of curvature and infinity.

40. Dentists often use concave mirrors to see better
Dentists often use concave mirrors to see better. In order for the mirror to produce an enlarged image of a tooth, the tooth must be placed
at the focal point of the mirror.
further than the focal point of the mirror.
closer than the focal point of the mirror.

41. Dentists often use concave mirrors to see better
Dentists often use concave mirrors to see better. In order for the mirror to produce an enlarged image of a tooth, the tooth must be placed
at the focal point of the mirror.
further than the focal point of the mirror.
closer than the focal point of the mirror.

42. A real object in front of a concave spherical mirror can produce an image that is
virtual, inverted, and magnified.
real, erect, and magnified.
diminished, erect, and virtual.
magnified, erect, and virtual.
diminished, real, and erect.

43. A real object in front of a concave spherical mirror can produce an image that is
virtual, inverted, and magnified.
real, erect, and magnified.
diminished, erect, and virtual.
magnified, erect, and virtual.
diminished, real, and erect.

44. Chapter 32: Optical Images
Section 32-2: Lenses, and Concept Check 32-4

45. During the summer months, Goldie the fish spends much of her time in a small pond in her owner’s backyard. While enjoying a rest at the bottom of the pond, Goldie is being watched by Fluffy the cat, who is perched on a tree limb above the surface of the pond. How far below the surface is the image of the fish that Fluffy sees?
Above Goldie’s actual position
At Goldie’s actual position
Below Goldie’s actual position

46. During the summer months, Goldie the fish spends much of her time in a small pond in her owner’s backyard. While enjoying a rest at the bottom of the pond, Goldie is being watched by Fluffy the cat, who is perched on a tree limb above the surface of the pond. How far below the surface is the image of the fish that Fluffy sees?
Above Goldie’s actual position
At Goldie’s actual position
Below Goldie’s actual position

47. When you stand in water up to your knees, your feet appear
closer than usual.
farther away than usual.
at the same location as usual.

48. When you stand in water up to your knees, your feet appear
closer than usual.
farther away than usual.
at the same location as usual.

49. Your eye looks into a thick glass slab at an air bubble located at point C. The bubble appears to be at which point?

50. Your eye looks into a thick glass slab at an air bubble located at point C. The bubble appears to be at which point?

51. Half-round slabs of glass or plastic are often used to trace rays
Half-round slabs of glass or plastic are often used to trace rays. Pins are placed at points P and Q. For an observer to see the images of the pins in line, she should place her eye at which point?

52. Half-round slabs of glass or plastic are often used to trace rays
Half-round slabs of glass or plastic are often used to trace rays. Pins are placed at points P and Q. For an observer to see the images of the pins in line, she should place her eye at which point?

53. When a real object is placed just inside the focal point F of a diverging lens, the image is
virtual, erect, and diminished.
real, inverted, and enlarged.
real, inverted, and diminished.
virtual, erect, and enlarged.
virtual, inverted, and diminished.

54. When a real object is placed just inside the focal point F of a diverging lens, the image is
virtual, erect, and diminished.
real, inverted, and enlarged.
real, inverted, and diminished.
virtual, erect, and enlarged.
virtual, inverted, and diminished.

55. A positive lens has a focal length f
A positive lens has a focal length f. The only way to get a magnification of –1 is to
place a real object at the focal point.
place a real object at a distance 2f from the lens.
place a real object at a distance 3f from the lens.
Magnifications from a positive lens can never be negative.
None of these is correct.

56. A positive lens has a focal length f
A positive lens has a focal length f. The only way to get a magnification of –1 is to
place a real object at the focal point.
place a real object at a distance 2f from the lens.
place a real object at a distance 3f from the lens.
Magnifications from a positive lens can never be negative.
None of these is correct.

57. A positive lens has a focal length f
A positive lens has a focal length f. The image is the same size as the object when
the object is at the focal point.
the image is on the opposite side of the lens from the object and is the same distance from the lens as the object.
the image is on the same side of the lens as the object and is the same distance from the lens as the object.
The image can never be the same size as the object.
None of these is correct.

58. A positive lens has a focal length f
A positive lens has a focal length f. The image is the same size as the object when
the object is at the focal point.
the image is on the opposite side of the lens from the object and is the same distance from the lens as the object.
the image is on the same side of the lens as the object and is the same distance from the lens as the object.
The image can never be the same size as the object.
None of these is correct.

59. An object is placed in front of a plano-concave lens at r1/2
An object is placed in front of a plano-concave lens at r1/2. The image produced by the lens is
inverted, real and reduced in size.
inverted, virtual and enlarged in size.
upright, virtual and reduced in size.
upright, virtual and enlarged in size.
upright, real and enlarged in size.

60. An object is placed in front of a plano-concave lens at r1/2
An object is placed in front of a plano-concave lens at r1/2. The image produced by the lens is
inverted, real and reduced in size.
inverted, virtual and enlarged in size.
upright, virtual and reduced in size.
upright, virtual and enlarged in size.
upright, real and enlarged in size.

61. Which of the following statements is false?
The image produced by a diverging lens is always virtual, upright and reduced in size.
The image produced by a converging lens can be virtual, upright and magnified in size.
The image produced by a converging lens cannot be virtual, upright and reduced in size.
The image produced by a converging lens cannot be real, inverted and reduced in size.

62. Which of the following statements is false?
The image produced by a diverging lens is always virtual, upright and reduced in size.
The image produced by a converging lens can be virtual, upright and magnified in size.
The image produced by a converging lens cannot be virtual, upright and reduced in size.
The image produced by a converging lens cannot be real, inverted and reduced in size.

63. To project an image onto a screen using a lens,
the lens must be diverging and the object must be farther from the lens than the second focal point.
the lens must be converging and the object must be between the first focal point and the lens.
the lens must be diverging and the image must be farther from the lens than the second focal point.
the lens must be converging and the object must be farther from the lens than the first focal point.
the lens must be diverging and the object must be between the first focal point and the lens.

64. To project an image onto a screen using a lens,
the lens must be diverging and the object must be farther from the lens than the second focal point.
the lens must be converging and the object must be between the first focal point and the lens.
the lens must be diverging and the image must be farther from the lens than the second focal point.
the lens must be converging and the object must be farther from the lens than the first focal point.
the lens must be diverging and the object must be between the first focal point and the lens.

65. A real image is formed by a converging lens
A real image is formed by a converging lens. If a weak diverging lens is placed between the converging lens and the image, where is the new image located?
farther from the converging lens than the original image
closer to the converging lens than the original image
at the original image position

66. A real image is formed by a converging lens
A real image is formed by a converging lens. If a weak diverging lens is placed between the converging lens and the image, where is the new image located?
farther from the converging lens than the original image
closer to the converging lens than the original image
at the original image position

67. The index of refraction of the lenses with respect to the medium is n
The index of refraction of the lenses with respect to the medium is n. Which diagram correctly represents a wave front passing through a lens?

68. The index of refraction of the lenses with respect to the medium is n
The index of refraction of the lenses with respect to the medium is n. Which diagram correctly represents a wave front passing through a lens?

69. A converging lens and a screen are so arranged that an image of the sun falls on the screen. The distance from the lens to the screen is
the focal length.
the object distance.
the magnifying power.
one-half the radius of curvature of one of the lens faces.
the average radius of curvature of the two lens faces.

70. A converging lens and a screen are so arranged that an image of the sun falls on the screen. The distance from the lens to the screen is
the focal length.
the object distance.
the magnifying power.
one-half the radius of curvature of one of the lens faces.
the average radius of curvature of the two lens faces.

71. The optical path for visible light in a lens is
the same as the geometrical path.
the same no matter what portion of the lens it passes through.
the same as the optical path for ultraviolet.
independent of the material of which the lens is constructed.
is increased when the index of refraction is increased.

72. The optical path for visible light in a lens is
the same as the geometrical path.
the same no matter what portion of the lens it passes through.
the same as the optical path for ultraviolet.
independent of the material of which the lens is constructed.
is increased when the index of refraction is increased.

73. A concave (diverging) lens can produce an image that is
virtual, inverted, and magnified.
real, erect, and magnified.
diminished, erect, and virtual.
magnified, erect, and virtual.
diminished, real, and erect.

74. A concave (diverging) lens can produce an image that is
virtual, inverted, and magnified.
real, erect, and magnified.
diminished, erect, and virtual.
magnified, erect, and virtual.
diminished, real, and erect.

75. The image of the object formed by the diverging lens is located at which point? (F marks the two focal points.)

76. The image of the object formed by the diverging lens is located at which point? (F marks the two focal points.)

77. The image produced by the converging lens is at which point
The image produced by the converging lens is at which point? (F marks the two focal points.)

78. The image produced by the converging lens is at which point
The image produced by the converging lens is at which point? (F marks the two focal points.)

79. The image of the encircled point on the object formed in the positive lens is at which circle? (F marks the two focal points.)

80. The image of the encircled point on the object formed in the positive lens is at which circle? (F marks the two focal points.)

81. When the ray in the diagram is continued through the diverging lens, it passes through which point? (F marks the two focal points.)

82. When the ray in the diagram is continued through the diverging lens, it passes through which point? (F marks the two focal points.)

83. A ray of light leaves point O and passes through a thin positive lens
A ray of light leaves point O and passes through a thin positive lens. It crosses the principal axis at which point? (F marks the two focal points.)

84. A ray of light leaves point O and passes through a thin positive lens
A ray of light leaves point O and passes through a thin positive lens. It crosses the principal axis at which point? (F marks the two focal points.)

85. In order for a lens to produce a real image, the light rays from the object must
actually be focused at the image location
come to a stop at the image location.
appear to be focused at the image location.
first travel in a straight line parallel to the axis.

86. In order for a lens to produce a real image, the light rays from the object must
actually be focused at the image location
come to a stop at the image location.
appear to be focused at the image location.
first travel in a straight line parallel to the axis.

87. A point object O is placed in front of a thin converging lens
A point object O is placed in front of a thin converging lens. F marks the two focal points. Observers are at 1, 2, and 3. The image of point O is seen by the
observer at 1 only.
observer at 2 only.
observer at 3 only.
observers at 1, 2, and 3.
observers at 1 and 2.

88. A point object O is placed in front of a thin converging lens
A point object O is placed in front of a thin converging lens. F marks the two focal points. Observers are at 1, 2, and 3. The image of point O is seen by the
observer at 1 only.
observer at 2 only.
observer at 3 only.
observers at 1, 2, and 3.
observers at 1 and 2.

89. One ray is shown as it leaves an object placed before a positive lens
One ray is shown as it leaves an object placed before a positive lens. If this ray were continued to show its path through the lens, it would pass through which point? (F marks the two focal points.)

90. One ray is shown as it leaves an object placed before a positive lens
One ray is shown as it leaves an object placed before a positive lens. If this ray were continued to show its path through the lens, it would pass through which point? (F marks the two focal points.)

91. After passing through the thin converging lens, the two rays cross at which point? (F marks the first focal point.)

92. After passing through the thin converging lens, the two rays cross at which point? (F marks the first focal point.)

93. Thin converging lenses 1 and 2 have focal points F1 and F2 respectively. After passing through the two lenses, the ray passes through which point?

94. Thin converging lenses 1 and 2 have focal points F1 and F2 respectively. After passing through the two lenses, the ray passes through which point?

95. The data in the graph were obtained using a thin lens
The data in the graph were obtained using a thin lens. The lens must have been a
converging lens of focal length 10 cm.
converging lens of focal length 5 cm.
diverging lens of focal length 10 cm.
diverging lens of focal length 5 cm.
flat-plate lens.

96. The data in the graph were obtained using a thin lens
The data in the graph were obtained using a thin lens. The lens must have been a
converging lens of focal length 10 cm.
converging lens of focal length 5 cm.
diverging lens of focal length 10 cm.
diverging lens of focal length 5 cm.
flat-plate lens.

97. Chapter 32: Optical Images
Section 32-3: Aberrations

98. The theoretical limit to the sharpness of focus of a lens system is determined by
spherical aberration limitations.
chromatic aberration limitations.
astigmatic limitations.
diffraction limitations.
the relative smoothness of the lens surface.

99. The theoretical limit to the sharpness of focus of a lens system is determined by
spherical aberration limitations.
chromatic aberration limitations.
astigmatic limitations.
diffraction limitations.
the relative smoothness of the lens surface.

100. A spherical mirror exhibits
both chromatic and spherical aberrations.
neither chromatic nor spherical aberration.
spherical but not chromatic aberration.
chromatic but not spherical aberration.

101. A spherical mirror exhibits
both chromatic and spherical aberrations.
neither chromatic nor spherical aberration.
spherical but not chromatic aberration.
chromatic but not spherical aberration.

102. Which type of aberration can be eliminated by using mirrors instead of lenses?
Chromatic aberration.
Spherical aberration.
Coma aberration.
Astigmatism.
All the aberrations

103. Which type of aberration can be eliminated by using mirrors instead of lenses?
Chromatic aberration.
Spherical aberration.
Coma aberration.
Astigmatism.
All the aberrations

104. White light falls on a thick lens
White light falls on a thick lens. The red wavelength and the blue wavelength fall at different focuses. The lens is said to exhibit
hypermetropia.
myopia.
astigmatism.
chromatic aberration.
spherical aberration.

105. White light falls on a thick lens
White light falls on a thick lens. The red wavelength and the blue wavelength fall at different focuses. The lens is said to exhibit
hypermetropia.
myopia.
astigmatism.
chromatic aberration.
spherical aberration.

106. Chapter 32: Optical Images
Section 32-4: Optical Instruments

107. A typical farsighted person requires
glasses with converging lenses to drive.
glasses with diverging lenses to drive.
glasses with converging lenses to read.
glasses with diverging lenses to read.
no glasses to read.

108. A typical farsighted person requires
glasses with converging lenses to drive.
glasses with diverging lenses to drive.
glasses with converging lenses to read.
glasses with diverging lenses to read.
no glasses to read.

109. A farsighted person uses glasses to read
A farsighted person uses glasses to read. The person then sees _____ print that appears _____ than is actually the case.
larger; closer
larger; farther away
smaller; closer
smaller; farther away
actual sized; farther away

110. A farsighted person uses glasses to read
A farsighted person uses glasses to read. The person then sees _____ print that appears _____ than is actually the case.
larger; closer
larger; farther away
smaller; closer
smaller; farther away
actual sized; farther away

111. The eyes of some people wearing glasses appear larger than normal
The eyes of some people wearing glasses appear larger than normal. The glasses help the people to see
objects that are far away.
objects that are close by.

112. The eyes of some people wearing glasses appear larger than normal
The eyes of some people wearing glasses appear larger than normal. The glasses help the people to see
objects that are far away.
objects that are close by.

113. The eyes of some people wearing glasses appear smaller than normal
The eyes of some people wearing glasses appear smaller than normal. The glasses help the people to see
objects that are far away.
objects that are close by.

114. The eyes of some people wearing glasses appear smaller than normal
The eyes of some people wearing glasses appear smaller than normal. The glasses help the people to see
objects that are far away.
objects that are close by.

115. Two people look at the same object through the same microscope
Two people look at the same object through the same microscope. Person A has a near point of xnp and person B has a near point of 2xnp. If person A sees the object magnified m times, with what magnification does person B see the object? m
m/2
m/4 2m 4m

116. Two people look at the same object through the same microscope
Two people look at the same object through the same microscope. Person A has a near point of xnp and person B has a near point of 2xnp. If person A sees the object magnified m times, with what magnification does person B see the object? m
m/2
m/4 2m 4m

117. A person uses two microscopes to view the same object
A person uses two microscopes to view the same object. Microscope A is twice as long as microscope B and contains lenses with focal lengths that are one-half those of B. If microscope A provides a magnification of m, then what magnification does B provide? m 2m
m/2 8m
m/8

118. A person uses two microscopes to view the same object
A person uses two microscopes to view the same object. Microscope A is twice as long as microscope B and contains lenses with focal lengths that are one-half those of B. If microscope A provides a magnification of m, then what magnification does B provide? m 2m
m/2 8m
m/8

119. To provide large magnification, a telescope should have an objective with a _____ and an eyepiece with a _____.
long focal length; short focal length
long focal length; long focal length
short focal length; short focal length
short focal length; long focal length

120. To provide large magnification, a telescope should have an objective with a _____ and an eyepiece with a _____.
long focal length; short focal length
long focal length; long focal length
short focal length; short focal length
short focal length; long focal length

121. The resolving power of a telescope is a measure of the ability of the instrument to
form a plane image of a plane object.
produce a large image.
eliminate aberrations.
produce a bright image.
form distinctly separate images of points close together on the object.

122. The resolving power of a telescope is a measure of the ability of the instrument to
form a plane image of a plane object.
produce a large image.
eliminate aberrations.
produce a bright image.
form distinctly separate images of points close together on the object.