1. It Takes Teamwork

2. Sperm Anatomy
Acrosome enzymes: hyaluronidase, acrosin, neuraminidase

3. Fertilization and Implantation
Eggs are viable for 72 hours
Sperm is viable for 48 hours
Implantation occurs about
5-6 days after conception

4. Male Reproductive System
Functions:
1. testes produce sperm and the male sex hormone testosterone
2. ducts transport, store and assist in maturation of the sperm
3. accessory organs secrete most of the liquid portion of the semen
4. the penis and urethra serve as a passageway for sperm and urine

5. Male Reproductive System
ejaculatory duct
prostate
gland
seminal vesicle
bladder
urethra
bulbourethral
gland
vas deferens
penis
epididymus
glans penis
testes
scrotum

6. Female Reproductive System
Functions:
1. ovaries produce secondary oocytes and sex hormones
2. uterine tubes transports secondary oocyte to uterus for fertilization
3. uterus is site of implantation of fertilized ovum, development of fetus, and labor
4. vagina receives the penis during intercourse, passageway for childbirth
5. mammary glands synthesize, secrete, and eject milk

7. Female Reproductive System
Fimbria
Fallopian Tube
stratum
basalis
functionalis
Prepuce

8. Male : Female Homology Males Females Testes Ovaries Penis Vagina
Glans Penis Clitoris
Scrotum Labia Majora
Foreskin Prepuce
Prostate Gland Greater Vestibule Gland
Seminal Vesicle Paraurethral Gland

9. Male Puberty Changes GnRH increase LH/FSH increase
testosterone increase
spermatogenesis onset
genitalia increase
muscle/bone increase
hair growth increase
voice deepens
sweat increase

10. Female Reproductive Cycle Hormones
GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone)
stimulates the anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH
FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
stimulates the follicle growth and estrogen release
LH (lutenizing hormone)
promotes ovulation and triggers the formation of the corpus luteum
Estrogens
development and maintenance of female sex characteristics
controls fluid and electrolyte balance and increases protein anabolism
lowers blood cholesterol and moderate levels inhibit GnRH, LH and FSH
Progesterone
works with estrogens to prepare endometrium for implantation of ovum
prepares mammary glands for milk secretion and inhibits the release of GnRH and LH

11. Menstrual Cycle Ovarian Cycle Uterine Cycle Follicular phase ovulation
luteal phase
Uterine Cycle
menstrual phase
proliferative phase
secretory phase

12. Enticement, Excitement and Orgasm
1. Enticement - Sympathetic Nervous System
Male/Female become sexually attracted to someone
show similar response as “Fight or Flight” response
2. Excitement - Parasympathetic Nervous System
Male Erection:
arteries in the penis dilate and fill the spongy tissue with blood
Spongy tissue traps the blood in sinuses making the penis stay erect
Female Lubrication:
arteries in the vagina fill blood forcing lubricating fluid out
Secretions lubricate the vagina and prepare the genitals for intercourse
3. Orgasm - Sympathetic Nervous System
Male Ejaculation:
peristaltic contractions propel semen through out of the penis
Female Orgasm:
peristaltic contractions ripple through the uterus and vagina

13. Hormonal-Dependent Female Sexual Activity
peaks at ovulation

14. Development of Sexual Orientation
Genetics?
similarity in twins
runs in families
Brain Differences?
male/female
gay/straight
Hormones?
Environment?
increased maternal contact
lack of playmates
many older brothers

15. Female Sexually Dimorphic Nuclei

16. Male Sexually Dimorphic Nuclei

17. Reproductive System Development
XY chromosomes
SRY genes
Wolffian Ducts
Mullerian Ducts

18. Sex Hormones and Sexual Behavior in the Female rat

19. Sex Hormones and Sexual Behavior in the Male rat

20. Testosterone Myth