1. Pork Industry Lets get started!

2. TERMS TO KNOW Sow- Mature Female pig Boar- Male pig Barrow – castrated male pig Piglet- Young pig Gilt – Immature female pig

3. History….. Almost all people who lived on farms raised pigs Why??? Required little space; provided side income; able to give them cheap feed; fed the family

4. History Cont. Main reason for raising- LARD – rendered pork fat Lard- used for cooking No synthetic oils- used lard to fry & cook

5. Now…… Almost all hog operations are on large farms Fed a mixed feed ration

7. Production Gestation period (time required to have young) – 3 months 3 weeks 3 days OR 114 days Several pigs born each litter Can quickly build up an operation

8. 2 Types of Swine Operations Purebred Operations Commercial Operations

9. Purebred Operations Most hogs are registered Less than 1% of total hogs Provides industry with foundation stock Usually large public sales

10. Type # 2 – Commercial Divided into 3 main farms/operations 1.Farrowing Operation 2.Growing Operation 3.Finishing

11. Farrowing Operation Sows usually have 10-14 piglets Sows placed in a farrowing pen to protect piglets Weaned at 3-4 weeks

12. Growing/Nursery Weigh 10-15 pounds Placed on slotted floors Boars are castrated – to help growth Fed high protein diet to enhance growth

13. Finishing Usually weigh – 40-60 Will stay here until slaughter Placed in groups based on age and size Kept in climate controlled rooms Slaughter weigh 220-250lbs

15. Breeds Of Swine

16. Duroc Origin-New York/New Jersey Ears- Droopy Color- Cherry Red Misc.-Large Frame, Fast gainers, good mothers, Popular breed

17. Hampshire Origin- Kentucky Ears-Erect Color-Black with a White Belt Misc.-The “Meat Breed” Excellent Carcass

18. Berkshire Origin- England Ears-Erect Color- Black with 6 White Points Misc.- Short Snout, Meat type hog

19. Poland China Origin- Ohio Ears- Droopy Color- Black w/6White points Misc.-Long body thick hams

20. Spots (Spotted Poland China) Origin-Ohio Ears- Droopy Color-no less than 20% or more than 80% White Misc.-Good mothers, fast gainers

21. Chester White Origin- Pennsylvani a Ears-Droopy Color-White with blue freckles Misc.-good mothers, large frame

22. Yorkshire Origin- England Ears-Erect Color- White Misc.-The Mother Breed, Largest Litters

23. Landrace Origin- Denmark Ears-Droopy Color-White Misc.- Extremely Long Body

24. Tamworth Origin- ? Ears-Erect Color-Red Misc.-Not Very good

25. Swine Reproduction

27. Farrowing a sow  The components of controlled delivery  Put sow in crate 1-5 Days before due date  Exercise Daily  Feed 6 lbs daily  Once babies are born add one pound per pig to ration

28. Swine Reproduction Farrowing Baby Pig Care - first 2 weeks  Have feed out from day 1  Give iron shot ¼ cc  Clip Teeth  Castrate  Ear notch

29. Swine Reproduction Ear Notching  Universal Swine Identification system  Tags will come off in the feed pen

30. Swine Reproduction Ear Notching

31. Swine Reproduction Ear Notching

32. Swine Reproduction Ear Notching Quiz

33. Swine Reproduction Ear Notching The right (litter) ear is equal to 9+3+3+1=16 The left (pig) ear is equal to 3 This is the 16-3 pig.