1. Contraceptives

2. Barriers – male condom Latex best or polyurethane
Goes over ERECT penis before makes
contact with the VAGINA
Captures sperm
ADVANTAGES:
protect against many STDs including HIV/AIDS
Inexpensive
Available without prescription
DISADVANTAGES:
Careful handling & timing necessary
May reduce sensation for both
Some people may be allergic to latex

3. MALE CONDOM REMEMBER: Check expiry date Check packet is not damaged
Use ONLY water based lubricants
Do not use OIL based lubricants
Keep condoms in dry cool place
Do not flush down toilet
Leave space for sperm in the tip (but no air bubbles)
Air bubbles can cause the condom to tear
USE a new condom for every NEW round!!!

4. Barriers – female condom
Held in place by 2 flexible rings
Lines the Vagina
Inserted into vagina before physical contact
End rings covers cervix
Open ring remains outside vagina
Made of polyurethane
ADVANTAGES:
Inexpensive & available without prescription
Helps protect against MANY STDs including HIV/AIDs
Does not need an erection to keep in position
Both water & oil based lubricants can be used

5. Female condom DISADVANTAGES: Must be inserted before intercourse
Cannot be used with a male condom
May reduce sensation or cause
irritation for one or both partners
Should not be used by people
with polyurethane allergy

6. Cervical cap & Diaphragm (with spermicide)
Deep silicone cup shaped like sailors cap
Fits around cervix
Healthcare professional must determine size
Cap must be coated with spermicide prior to intercourse
After intercourse should be left inside for at least 6 hrs
Should not be worn for longer than 48hrs

7. Cervical cap & Diaphragm (with spermicide)
ADVANTAGES:
A cervical cap or diaphragm are
comfortable
DISADVANTAGES:
Must be inserted before intercourse
Must be a proper fit to be effective
Less effective in women who have already given birth
Diaphragm increases risk of bladder infection
Weight gain and loss can effect the fit of diaphram
Less effective as vagina and cervix are stretched during childbirth

8. Contraceptive sponge
Soft & disposable sponge made from polyurethane foam
Covers cervix
Blocks sperm & also releases spermicide
Protection from pregnancy begins once inserted
Lasts up to 24hrs
Needs to be left in place for 6hrs post intercourse
Not to be worn more 30hrs

9. Contraceptive sponge ADVANTAGES: DISADVANTAGES:
Comfortable & available
without prescription
DISADVANTAGES:
Must be inserted before intercourse
Some women experience vaginal irritation
Difficulty in removal
Allergic reactions

10. Spermicide Chemical inserted deep into vagina
Before intercourse to block & kill sperm
Comes in many forms – including foams, creams, tablets, gels, suppositories, films
More effective when used with other
forms of protection

11. STAND UP TURN AROUND & Stretch!!!

12. ?????????????????????????????????
OUT OF ALL THE CONTRACETIVES DISCUSSED SO FAR WHICH ONE DO YOU THINK IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE IN PREVENTING PREGNANCY?

13. Answer… Male CONDOM about 87% Cervical Cap (with spermicide) 85%
(females who have not given birth)
DIAPHRAGM 82%
FEMALE condom 79%
Spermicide 72%

14. Hormonal contraceptives
TWO TYPES:
Progestin & Estrogen
Progestin only
1) PROGESTIN & ESTROGEN
Combination pill
Hormonal ring
Hormonal patch
2) PROGESTIN only
Progestin only pill
Hormonal injection
Implanon
Progestin & Estrogen hormones released

15. Basics of hormonal contraceptives
Pill
Taken orally
Releases consistent dose of hormones
Stops egg release
Hormones makes body think it has released an egg so mimics reaction
Women still has menstrual cycle
Hormonal Ring
Small flexible ring placed in
vagina
Removed after 3 weeks
(out for one week) then replaced

16. Basics of hormonal contraceptives
Hormonal Patch
thin plastic patch attaches to skin
Worn for 3 weeks (new one each week)
DISADVANTAGES OF ALL:
May increase risk of blood clots, stroke, heart attack or high blood pressure
May cause bleeding between periods, change in weight, depression, breast tenderness….
IT influences your hormones so different effects for different people!!!!

17. Basics of hormonal contraceptives
Hormonal injection
Every 12 weeks by professional
Can cause bone loss
Implanon
Size of a matchstick
Flexible plastic rod
Inserts into skin in upper arm
Can be used up to 3 years

18. DO YOU THINK THE HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES ARE MORE EFFECTIVE THAN THE BARRIERS IN PREVENTING PREGNANCY?

19. Hormonal more effective
YES!!!
Hormonal Injection 98%
Both types Pill 92%

20. INTRAUTERINE DEVICES Hormonal IUD Copper IUD
Inserted by professional into uterus
Small plastic device containing
hormones
Some can be left in place for 5yrs
Women in LT faithful relationships
Copper IUD
As above for insertion
Prevents sperm fertilizing egg
10 yrs
Increases chance of ectopic pregnancy

21. FINAL points….
IUD are the most effective method of preventing pregnancy with 99% success rate
However with all of these you need to seek professional advice
Different people’s bodies react differently to all forms of contraceptives
The type of relationship you are in can determine the contraceptive choices you make

22. FULL PROOF METHOD to avoid pregnancy - STERILISATION
FEMALE – surgical & non-surgical
Techniques to close the fallopian tubes
Permanent protection from pregnancy
Once results confirmed no other birth control is needed
Generally irreversible
MALE – surgical
Vasectomy
Vas deferens tube carries sperm is blocked
Once results confirmed no other birth control needed

23. Typical Use

24. PERFECT USE

25. WHAT ABOUT STDs?????
Most of these methods will NOT prevent STDs unless used in combination with a CONDOM.
Most of these methods are NOT recommended unless you are in a LONG TERM, SAFE and FAITHFUL relationship

26. APOLOGIES FOR THE Death by powerpoint!!!!