1. PRESENT TENSES

2. Present tenses fourThere are four present tenses in English: oPresent simple oPresent continuous oPresent perfect simple oPresent perfect continuous

3. Present simple: form Positive: I/You/ We/They live She/He/It lives Negative: I/You/ We/They don’t live She/He/It doesn’t live Interrogative: Do you/I/we/they live? Yes, I do. / No, they don’t. Does she/he/it live? Yes, she does. / No, it doesn’t.

4. Present simple: uses 1. Habits: I go for a walk every afternoon. 2. Things that are always true: Water boils when you heat it. 3. Things that are true for a long time: My father works as a shop assistant.

5. Present continuous: form Positive: I am working You/ We/They are working She/He/It is working

6. Present continuous: form Negative: I’m not working You/ We/They aren’t working She/He/It isn’t working

7. Present continuous: form Interrogative: Am I working? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. Are you/we/they working? Yes, we are. / No, they aren’t. Is she/he/it working? Yes, she is. / No, he isn’t.

8. Present continuous: uses 1. Activities happening (around) now: I’m writing my doctoral thesis. 2. Future personal plans: We’re getting married in October.

9. Present perfect simple: form Positive: I/You/ We/They have lived She/He/It has lived

10. Present perfect simple: form Negative: I/You/ We/They haven’t lived She/He/It hasn’t lived

11. Present perfect simple: form Interrogative: Have you/I/we/they lived? Yes, I have. / No, you haven’t. Has she/he/it lived? Yes, she has. / No, it hasn’t.

12. Present perfect simple: uses 1. Unfinished activities that began in the past and continue up to the present: I’ve lived here for five years. 2. Finished activities that occurred in the past but which have a result at present: I’ve just been to the shops. 3. Indefinite past experiences: I’ve been to La Gomera.

13. Present perfect continuous: form Positive: I/You/ We/They have been living She/He/It has been living

14. Present perfect continuous: form Negative: I/You/ We/They haven’t been living She/He/It hasn’t been living

15. Present perfect continuous: form Interrogative: Have you/I/we/they been living? Yes, I have. / No, you haven’t. Has she/he/it been living? Yes, she has. / No, he hasn’t.

16. Present perfect continuous: form 1. Unfinished activities that began in the past and continue up to the present: I’ve been living here for five years. 2. Finished activities that occurred in the past but which have a result at present: I’ve been shopping.

17. Present perfect simple or continuous? We can use both tenses for unfinished and finished activities that have a connection with the present moment. But we prefer the present perfect simple: To emphasize the activity is finished: I’ve read that book. When we mention the number of things/times we have done something: I’ve taken ten photos. With stative verbs: be, have, understand, love, see… I’ve had my car for years.

18. Present perfect simple or continuous? We prefer the present perfect continuous: To emphasize the activity is not finished: I’ve been studying English for two years. To emphasize the activity is long/repeated: She’s been trying to pass her driving test for years. To emphasize the activity is temporary: He’s been working in a bar this summer. (But then he’s going to university)

19. PRESENT TENSES Created by: Carmen Luisa Pérez Amaro