1. GET STARTED! COMPLETE THIS TASK in your notebook
How many different ways can you combine these sentences:
I loved the book.
I hated the movie.

2. Possible combinations
I loved the book. I hated the movie.
I loved the book; but, I hated the movie.
I loved the book; I hated the movie.
I loved the book; however, I hated the movie.
I loved the book: I hated the movie.

3. Types of sentences
Three basic sentence types:
Simple
Compound
Complex

4. What you need to know for this lesson
Simple Sentence
“Steven has tuition every day after school.”
Why?
Has a complete thought.
Has a subject and a verb.
Also called an independent clause.

5. Compound Sentence
“Steven has tuition every day after school, but he hates it.”
Why?
contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinator: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS)
Use a comma before the coordinator “_______, but _________.”

6. Where else might you see a coordinating conjunction?

7. When connecting two items where one is NOT a main clause.
“My dog loves to eat small shoes but not small children.
“My dog loves to eat small shoes and squeaky toys.
When connecting three or more items in a series.
My dog likes shoes, squeaky toys and small children

8. NO COMMA AFTER CONJUNCTION
At the beginning of a sentence
“But he never went back to that part of the world again.
NO COMMA AFTER CONJUNCTION

9. Highlight every coordinating conjunction in your writing.
Check to see if the comma is in the correct place.

10. Complex Sentences
“Although he has tuition every day after school, Steven hasn’t learned a thing.”
Why?
has an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses.
always has a subordinator such as because, since, after, although, or when or a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which.
Requires a comma after the dependent clause if a subordinator is used at the beginning of the sentence.

11. Complex Sentences
Key to identifying the type of complex sentences is the subordinator and it’s placement in the sentence. This is called a subordinating conjunction.
after
although as
because
before
even if
even though if
since
so that
than
that
though
unless
until
when
whenever
where
whereas
wherever
whether
while
why

12. Complex Sentences Subordinating conjunctions have two jobs:
1. provide a necessary transition between the two ideas in the sentence. This transition will indicate a time, place, or cause and effect relationship.
2. reduce the importance of one clause so that a reader understands which of the two ideas is more important. The more important idea belongs in the main clause, the less important in the clause introduced by the subordinate conjunction.

13. 3 types of Complex Sentences:
1. Subordinator + Dependent Clause + Comma
+ Independent Clause
2. Independent Clause + Subordinator + Dependent Clause
3. Independent Clause + Subordinator +Essential Clause
Independent Clause + Comma + Subordinator + Nonessential Clause

14. 3 types of Complex Sentences:
1. Subordinator + Dependent Clause + Comma + Independent Clause
“Although he has tuition every day after school, Steven hasn’t learned a thing.”

15. 3 types of Complex Sentences:
2. Independent Clause + Subordinator + Dependent Clause
“Steven hasn’t learned a thing although he has tuition every day after school.”

16. 3 types of Complex Sentences:
3. Independent Clause + Subordinator + Essential Clause
Independent Clause + Comma + Subordinator + Nonessential Clause
“Malone paid the delivery man whose rusty motorbike choked and coughed in the driveway.”
“Malone paid Jung Bin, whose rusty motorbike choked and coughed in the driveway.”

17. Highlight all of the subordinating conjunctions in your writing.
Check your comma placement.
“Although he has tuition every day after school, Steven hasn’t learned a thing.”
“Steven hasn’t learned a thing although he has tuition every day after school.”
“Steven has tuition every day after school, where he studies maths.”
after
although as
because
before
even if
even though if
since
so that
than
that
though
unless
until
when
whenever
where
whereas
wherever
whether
while
why

18. Okay Smarty Pants. Think you got it
Okay Smarty Pants. Think you got it? Write one compound and one complex sentence using the simple sentence below.
Simple Sentence
My friend invited me to a party. I do not want to go.
Compound Sentence
You write it
Complex Sentence
For
And
Nor
But Or
Yet So
although
after
because if
once
since
when
while
whereas
unless

19. Wanna learn more? Go to
Chompchomp.com

20. Punctuation: Purpose, Hierarchy, Effect

22. We use punctuation to…
make a sentence structurally correct
to change the rhythm of a sentence
change the meaning of a sentence

23. We often revise a sentence in order to change the way a reader will read it.
Often we revise a sentence in order to change the way a reader will read it.
Often, we revise a sentence in order to change the way a reader will read it.

24. More…
You have your own style of writing, just as you have your own style of walking and whistling and wearing your hair.
You have your own style of writing, just as you have your own style of walking, whistling and wearing your hair.

25. My sister Mary is coming for a visit.
Let’s eat grandma.
Let’s eat, grandma.
My teacher Mr. Schaaf is awesome.
My teacher, Mr. Schaaf, is awesome.
The man sitting by the window is talking to himself.
The man, sitting by the window, is talking to himself.

26. Punctuation Hierarchy
Period, question mark, exclamation point
Colon, dash, parentheses
Semicolon
Comma

27. Three committees—marketing, finance, and fundraising—were set up to plan the conference.

28. During the second two-year stretch of a president’s term in office, he may find himself on the defensive, even with his own party, and, when, as frequently happens, his party loses a number of Senate and House seats in the midterm election, that second stretch can become even more defensive.
During the second two-year stretch of a president’s term in office, he may find himself on the defensive, even with his own party; when—as frequently happens—his party loses a number of Senate and House seats in the midterm election, that second stretch can become even more defensive.

29. Punctuation: Effects
We use punctuation to achieve an effect…to affect the reader much the same was a filmmaker does with camera angles, sound, and special effects.
Each of these sentences achieves a different effect on the reader.
I loved the book. I hated the movie.
I loved the book; but, I hated the movie.
I loved the book; I hated the movie.
I loved the book; however, I hated the movie.
I loved the book: I hated the movie.

30. One of Robert Frost’s most famous poems is “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.” In some printed versions the last stanza begins like this:
The woods are lovely, dark, and deep
But I have promises to keep
In others, the punctuation of the first line follows the poet’s original:
The woods are lovely, dark and deep
Do you think the two versions mean the same thing?