1. Nishiki-e To accompany Keene’s essay on Cultural effects of Sino-Japanese War

2. Sino-Japanese War 1894-95 Nishiki-e (Nishikie)Nishikie –Heroes of war: commoners –Transition in view of China –Transition in view of Japan –Eg. Toyama Masakazu

3. Toyama Masakazu Born (1848-1900) 1861 sent to London and U.S. to study philosophy Later president of Tokyo Imperial University Advocated adoption of romanized alphabet, elimination of kanji

4. Laudable episode (Shirakami Genjirô; by Toshihide) “Shirakami Genjirô, Okayama man, He too was a bugler. People said, “He is just a bugle blower.” He said, “I am just a bugle blower.” Toyama Masakazu (Keene, 150) Or was it Kiguchi Kohei?

5. Kiguchi Kohei (Primary school text) “Kiguchi Kohei was hit by an enemy bullet, but even as he died he did not remove his bugle from his mouth.”

6. Scaling walls of Pyongyang (Harada Jûkichi; Sekkoku) Lt. Mimura sends Harada to open the gate. Or was it Matsumura Akitarô and his suicide squad?

7. Anonymous sailor (Kiyochika) “Hasn’t the Ting-yüan sunk yet?”

8. “After the fall of Wei-hai-wei” (Toshihide)