1. Immune System Day 3 Health can be squandered, but not stored up. Mason Cooley (b. 1927),

2. Today’s Agenda Turn in your colored lymph node if you’ve not done so already. Progress reports Notes on immune system Practice identifying parts Describe last illness Non-specific immunity

4. Other Lymphoid Organs: These organs don’t filter but do contain macrophages and lymphocytes. 1. Spleen: – a.Destroys old or defective red blood cells – b.Stores platelets – c.Acts as a hematopoietic site in the embryo and in severe cases of anemia

6. Other Lymphoid Organs: These organs don’t filter but do contain macrophages and lymphocytes. 2.Thymus gland – A. Most functional during youth – B. Its hormones cause T lymphocytes to become immunocompetent.

8. Other Lymphoid Organs: These organs don’t filter but do contain macrophages and lymphocytes. 3.Tonsils and Peyer’s patches – A.Small organs known collectively ast GALT (gut-associated lymphatic tissues). – B.Prevent pathogens in the respiratory and digestive tract from going through the mucous membrane lining

10. Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses: things your body uses to defend against ANYTHING 1. Skin & mucous membranes 2. Phagocytic cells 3. Natural killer cells 4. Inflammatory response 5. Antimicrobial substances 6. Fever

11. Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses: things your body uses to defend against ANYTHING 1. Skin & mucous membranes LOWpHLOWpH SALIVASALIVA TEARSTEARS MUCUSMUCUS

12. Obj. 5 Surface Membrane Barriers Role=prevent pathogens from entering body Protective membranes line all body cavities and organs exposed to the exterior. Surface membranes provide mechanical barriers to pathogens. Structural modifications and produce secretions that enhance their defensive effects (skin acidity, lysozymes, mucus, keratin, cilia)

13. Bacterial leprosy infection just under skin.

14. “border line leprosy—numb centers

15. 2. Phagocytic cells-- macrophages i. Phagocytes include macrophages and neutrophils ii. Phagocytes engulf and destroy pathogens iii. Phagocytosis is enhanced when pathogens surface is altered by antibodies or complement proteins iv. Cell killing is enhanced by respiratory burst

17. Obj. 6 3. Natural killer cells – attack and lyse body cells infected by viruses or that are cancerous.

18. Obj. 7 Inflammatory response 1. Skin & mucous membranes 2. Phagocytic cells 3. Natural killer cells 4. Inflammatory response – damaged tissues release histamines – Histamines make vessels leaky, releasing phagocytes & clotting factors – Phagocytes engulf bacteria – Platelets form clots

19. Obj. 7

21. Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses: things your body uses to defend against ANYTHING 5. Antimicrobial substances – Interferon – Complement proteins

22. Obj. 8 Fever 1. Skin & mucous membranes 2. Phagocytic cells 3. Natural killer cells 4. Inflammatory response 5. Antimicrobial substances 6. Fever – Macrophages release pyrogens – Hypothalamus elevates temperature – Liver & spleen supply less iron – Bacteria don’t grow well without iron – Metabolism increases speeding repair. 105 98.6