1. Unit 6: Sexually Transmitted Diseases

2. Chlamydia: the most common bacterial STD in the USA
Genital Herpes: a STD caused by a virus that often causes painful blisters or ulcers; can not be cured

3. HPV
Human Papilloma Virus: 5 million new cases in U.S. teenagers each year, leading cause of cervical cancer . A STD caused by HPV, causes warts in the genital and anal areas and has been linked to cervical cancer and penile cancer

4. Gonorrhea: a STD caused by bacteria that can infect the mucous membranes of the penis, vagina, throat, or rectum
Syphilis: a STD caused by bacteria that can spread through bloodstream to any organ in the body

5. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: PID – an infection of the uterus and fallopian tubes often caused by STDs; if untreated, may result in infertility

6. Places one can go for testing, diagnosis & treatment for STDs
2 types of Herpes Virus
Type 1 – found above the waist [cold sores or fever blisters on the mouth]
Type 2 – found below the waist
Places one can go for testing, diagnosis & treatment for STDs
Private Doctor
Public Health Clinic
National STD Hotline

7. What causes it ? Gonorrhea-Neisseria, Gonorrhoeses, Bacterum
Chlamydia-Chlamydia, trachomatis, Bacterum
Genital Herpes-Herpes, simplex, VIRUS
Syphilis-Treponema, pallidum, Bacterum
Genital Warts-HPV- VIRUS
Hepatitis B- Hepatitis B VIRUS
HIV/AIDS-VIRUS
Pubic Lice (Crabs)-Insect
Scabies-Mite

8. How is it spread? Gonorrhea- Sexual contact; mother to infant at birth
Chlamydia -Sexual contact; mother to infant at birth
Genital Herpes- Sexual contact; contact between chancre or rash & mucous membranes or break in skin; mother to infant before birth
Syphilis-Sexual contact;

9. Human Papilloma Virus- Genital Warts- Sexual contact;
Hepatitis B- Sexual contact; sharing needles; sharing items like razors, toothbrushes, eating utensils; mother to infant at birth
HIV/AIDS- Sexual contact; exchange of bodily fluids; sharing needles
Pubic Lice (Crabs)-Sexual contact
Scabies-Sexual contact

10. What are the signs & symptoms of Gonorrhea?
Women
often no signs or symptoms; vaginal irritation & discharge; pain in lower abdomen
Males
frequent, painful urination; heavy yellow discharge of pus from penis; tenderness in groin or testicles; swollen lymph nodes or groin

11. What are the signs & symptoms of Chlamydia?
Women
usually no signs or symptoms; painful urination; vaginal discharge; pain in lower abdomen; bleeding between menstrual periods
Men
often no signs or symptoms; painful, difficult urination; white or yellow discharge from penis

12. What are the signs & symptoms of Genital Herpes?
Women
usually no signs or symptoms; painful blisters on cervix, vagina, vulva, thighs, or buttocks; sluggish feeling; fever; flu-like symptoms; lymph node enlargement
Men
usually no signs or symptoms; blisters on penis, thighs, or buttocks; painful urination; sluggish feeling; fever; flu-like symptoms; lymph node enlargement

13. What are the signs & symptoms for Syphilis?
First signs: small, red bumps at the point of infection, which becomes an open sore oozing fluid (called a chancre)

14. Syphilis
Later signs: a rash; a dull, depressed feeling; fever, joint pain; hair loss, large moist sores around the sex organs or mouth
Final stage: blindness; brain damage; paralysis; can cause death

15. Signs & symptoms
HPV-Warts in the genital or anal area; at site of skin to skin contact
Hepatitis B- Flu-like symptoms; dark urine; yellowing of skin
Crabs-Intense itching & possible rash in genital area; occasional swelling of lymph nodes in the groin
Scabies-Intense itching in genital area, under the breast, in the armpits, between the fingers, or elsewhere

16. Highest possible percent that show signs & symptoms
Gonorrhea
Females: 80% show no signs or are mild
Males: most show no signs
Chlamydia- Very few show signs. Results may only show when woman wants to get pregnant.
Genital Herpes
Males: 75% can pass it to someone else
Females: 25% show sign

17. Medicine/Cure? Gonorrhea-Antibiotics Chlamydia-Antibiotics
Genital Herpes- NO CURE but medicine can ease symptoms
Human Papilloma Virus- NO CURE; Warts can be removed by tricloracetic acid; podophyllin; laser; liquid nitrogen; surgery

18. Hepatitis B- NO CURE; interferon & gamma globulin can ease symptoms; vaccine available
HIV/AIDS-NO CURE
Syphilis-Antibiotics
Pubic Lice (Crabs)- Medicated lotions & shampoos
Scabies- Medicated lotions & shampoos

19. Testing & diagnosis for STDs
A person who has an STD can go to a family doctor, or a private doctor to get tested
There are public health clinics that offer free or low-cost treatment
Clinics can be found in the Yellow Pages

20. Treatment for STDs
After a person takes medicine and feels better, they have to keep taking the medicine until it is completely gone
Sex partners should be treated at the same time for certain STDs
If both sex partners are not treated at the same time, they can continue to re-infect each other

21. HIV:Human Immune Deficiency Virus – the virus that causes AIDS
AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome - a STD caused by a virus that cripples a person’s immune system
HIV-antibody test: a test used to determine whether a person has been infected with HIV
HIV positive: the condition of being infected with HIV