1. Digestive System

2. Objectives Describe digestion
Identify and explain the function of each organ of the system
Explain preventative measures for digestive disorders
Describe problems associated with the system

3. Functions of Digestive System
Digestion-mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods by the body’s cells
Absorption-passage of digested food from digestive tract to the circulatory system
Elimination-expulsion of undigested food or body waste

4. Structure of System MESSLA
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Anus
Organs that help-liver , gall bladder, pancreas

5. Mouth Ingestion: Taking of food into the body Structures are:
Teeth: Break down food
Mastication: Process of chewing
Salivary Glands: Saliva breaks down food, makes it easier to swallow
Tongue: Prepares food to swallow

6. Esophagus Muscular tube extending from mouth to the stomach
Peristalsis: Series of involuntary muscular contractions

7. Stomach
Hollow, saclike organ enclosed in a muscular wall (3 layers of muscles)
Function of the stomach is:
Continue to breakdown food
Store food until it’s ready to enter small intestine

8. Stomach Control rate at which food enters small intestine
Mix food and gastric juices (contain pepsin and hydrochloric acid)
Chyme: creamy fluid mix of food and gastric juices

9. Small Intestine Major part of digestion and absorption occur here
20-23 feet in length, 1 inch in diameter
Chyme enters small intestine and peristalsis moves it at a slow rate (3-5 hours)

10. Villi: Fingerlike projections (Increase surface area)
Absorb digested food particles
Undigested food leaves as liquid and fiber

11. Large Intestine (Colon)
Absorbs water and
eliminates undigested
food
5-6 feet in length,
2 ½ inches in diameter
Bacteria changes undigested food into feces

12. Pancreas – produces the hormone insulin that regulates blood sugar levels
-- also help neutralize stomach acid
Liver – produces bile, which breaks down fats in foods
Gallbladder – pouch-like
organ that stores bile for
future use

13. Digestive System Crash Course

14. Care and Problems with the System

15. Problems with System Functional Problems
Indigestion
Heartburn
Gas
Nausea
Diarrhea
Constipation

16. Problems with System Structural Digestive problems
Gallstones-crystals that form in gall bladder.
Appendicitis-inflammation of appendix
Gastritis-inflammation of mucous membranes that line stomach
Lactose Intolerance-inability to digest lactose
Peptic Ulcer-sore in lining of tract
Colitis-inflammation of colon
Hemorrhoids-swollen veins in lower rectum/anus
Tooth Decay

17. Care of the System Eat a variety of foods. Avoid too many fatty foods
Choose foods low in fat and high in fiber
Do not hurry through meals
Do not wash food down with liquid
Drink plenty of water

18. 1) Digestive System Worksheet 2) Choose one of the following and find a current event article:
Celiac Disease
Diabetes
Crohn’s Disease
Peptic Ulcer
Diverticulitis

19. Fiber
Do you get yours?