1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases

3. Vocabulary STD/ STI Monogamy Viral Bacterial Symptomatic Asymptomatic
Abstinence
Infertility
STD/STI: sexually transmitted disease/infection
Monogamy: Having sex with only one partner
Viral: Illness/Disease spread by a virus—no cure
Bacterial: Illness/Disease spread by a bacteria—can be cured with antibiotics (only if you know about it)
Symptomatic: shows symptoms
Asymptomatic: without symptoms
Abstinence: Not having sex until marriage
Infertility: being unable to have children

4. Chlamydia What is it? Symptoms – Silent Destruction
Most common bacterial STD in the US
  Similar to Gonorrhea
How is it transmitted?
  Sexual intercourse
  Possible from mother to baby during delivery
Symptoms – Silent Destruction
 1. Asymptomatic (60-80%)
 2. Fever, weight loss, swollen glands, fatigue, diarrhea
 2. Discharge – clear, white, grayish
 3. Genital Itching, burning, swelling
 4. Dysuria (burning upon urination)
 5. Destruction of the Reproductive System

5. Chlamydia Complications 1. Testicular infection 2. Infertility
 3. PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)
 4. Conjunctivitis in newborns
Treatment
 1. If detected early, easily cured with antibiotics
Major problem with Chlamydia is that it is so often asymptomatic that a woman doesn’t know she has it until it has already caused damage

6. Gonorrhea What is it? Symptoms 1. Very common bacterial STD
 2. If untreated, it can infect the reproductive system, eyes and throat
How is it transmitted?
 1. Sexual intercourse
 2. Mother to baby during delivery
Symptoms
 1. Discharge – yellowish green
 2. Genital Itching
 3. Dysuria (burning upon urination)
 4. Often Symptomatic
 5. Symptoms may occur within 3-5 days

7. Gonorrhea 1. PID 2.Testicular infection--can require surgical removal
Complications
 1. PID
 2.Testicular infection--can require surgical removal
 3. Infertility
 4. Arthritis
 5. Conjunctivitis in newborns
 6. Meningitis (inflammation of brain lining)
 7. Endocarditis (inflammation of the heart lining)
Treatment
 1. Easily cures with antibiotics

8. Gonorrhea

9. Syphilis What is it? 1. Bacterial infection
 2. Carried by the bloodstream to central nervous system and organs
 3. Can cause serious complications
How is it transmitted?
 1. Direct contact with sore, lesion, or moist rash
 2. Usually sexual intercourse
 3. Moist kisses if lesions are on the mouth or lips
 4. Pregnant women to their babies
 5. Infected needles

10. Syphilis Symptoms 1. Primary 3. Latent 4. Tertiary 2. Secondary
painless lesions (10-19 days)
Painful sore (chancre) appears at the spot where the bacteria entered the body.
May last 5 weeks, will heal on it's own
On a female, this is typically internal and can't be seen.
 2. Secondary
rash, hair loss, inflammation of lymphs, nickel- and dime-sized lesions
fever/sore throat, mucus patches in the mouth
 3. Latent
All symptoms disappear and person thinks they are cured
Without treatment, bacteria begins to damage brain, central nervous system, major organs, bones, joints
 4. Tertiary
Signs of internal damage show up years later

11. Syphilis Complications 1. Paralysis
 2. Central Nervous System Disorders
 3. Deterioration of the skin
 4. Blindness
 5. Heart attacks
Treatment
 1. Penicillin

12. Syphilis

13. Scabies What is it? Prevention 1. Contagious Skin Disease
 2. Caused by infestation of mites (tiny bugs)
 3. Mites burrow under the skin
How is it transmitted?
 1. Close physical contact
sexual intercourse
sleeping in the same bed
 2. Improper hygiene
Prevention
 1. No certain prevention, avoid unsanitary environments
Symptoms
 1. Painful itching
 2. Reddish, zigzagged furrows around genital areas, buttocks, between fingers, elbows and wrists, underarms, or feet

14. Scabies Complications 1. Infestation can be very painful
 2. Scratching can worsen infestation
 3. Dangerous for people with HIV
Treatment
 1. Over-the-counter creams

15. Scabies

16. Crabs/Pubic Lice Prevention What is it?
 1. Tiny, whitish-gray or rust colored parasites
 2. Thrive in pubic hair
 3. Attach their eggs to hair shafts
How is it transmitted?
 1. Close physical contact – especially sexual intercourse
 2. Using bedding and clothing that has been used by an infected person
Prevention
 1. No certain prevention – proper hygiene
Symptoms
 1. Crabs are visible as they move
 2. Scratching may result in skin infections
 3. Small, blue spots or bite marks
 4. Fever

17. Crabs/Pubic Lice Complications
 1. Scratching may result in skin infections
Treatment
 1. Lotions and shampoos
 2. All clothing or linens should be washed with hot water and bleached to prevent reappearance

18. Crabs/Pubic Lice

19. Trichomoniasis What is it? 1. Caused by microscopic parasite Symptoms
 2. Causes infections of the vagina, urethra and bladder
  million new cases each year
How is it transmitted?
 1. Sexual intercourse
 2. Infected washcloths and towels
 3. To baby during delivery
Symptoms
 1. Females
Inflammation of the vagina
Mild urethral itching or discharge and burning during urination
Itching and burning
 2. Males
Typically asymptomatic

20. Trichomoniasis Complications
 1. You don’t know you have it but you can spread it
 2. Increases the chances of transmitting HIV
Treatment
 1. Prescription drug

21. Trichomoniasis

22. Genital Herpes (Herpes Simplex II)
What is it?
 1. Viral Infection
 2. Causes painful/blistery sores in genital and/or anal areas
How is it transmitted?
 1. Sexual Intercourse
 2. Mother to child during vaginal birth
 3. Most contagious when open sores are present
 4. highly contagious
Symptoms
 1. Begins with tingling or burning of genitals
 2. Small, red bumps – turn to blisters in or around genitals
 3. Swollen lymph glands, fever and headaches
 4. Aching muscles, fever and headaches

23. Genital Herpes Complications 1. Painful – can be managed
 2. Sores disappear but return (especially at times of high stress)
 3. Women – increases the risk of cervical cancer
 4. Conjunctivitis
Treatment
 1. No cure!!!
 2. Anti-viral treatment eases pain

24. Genital Herpes

25. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genital Warts
What is it?
Most common STD in the US
5.5 million new cases each year
3 of 4 Americans between ages of 15 and 49 have been  infected with HPV
 Virus
How is it transmitted?
 1. Spread skin to skin during sexual intercourse
 2. Not present in blood or semen
Symptoms
 1. Hard, fleshy, cauliflower-like warts
 2. Itching and bleeding
 3. Some warts may be where you can't see them, or may be too small to see.
 3. Some are asymptomatic, but carry the virus

26. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genital Warts
Complications
 1. Extreme discomfort
 2. Can complicate childbirth
 3. PID--infertility
 4. Increases risk of Cervical Cancer
Treatment
 1. No known cure
 2. Can cut out or burn off warts but they can return and infect larger areas

27. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genital Warts

28. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
What is it?
  Virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
  1 million people in the US have HIV or AIDS
 34 million people worldwide
How is it transmitted?
Sexual Intercourse--exchange of fluids
Sharing needles
Breast milk
Mother to baby through umbilical cord
Symptoms
 1. Some people have mild, flu-like symptoms
 2. Many are asymptomatic
 3. Only way to know is to be tested

29. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Complications
 AIDS
Kaposi's sarcoma
pneumonia
Treatment
 1. Anti-viral therapy
 2. Combinations of many drugs to inhibit HIV virus